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Choose Spatie Laravel Permission when your application mainly needs stable, named permissions grouped into roles. Choose Bouncer when authorization must include a specific record, ownership, explicit deny exceptions, or tenant-scoped ability relationships.
Both packages can feed Laravel Gate, so your controllers, policies, and Blade templates can continue using familiar can(), authorize(), and @can checks. The deciding issue is not whether either package supports ordinary roles; it is whether your rules describe capabilities in general or capabilities on particular model instances.
Which package should I use: Spatie Permission or Bouncer?
Start by writing one representative authorization rule in plain language. If it sounds like “Editors may publish articles,” Spatie is usually the cleaner fit. If it sounds like “Editors may edit only their own posts in the current workspace, except for posts marked locked,” Bouncer’s record-aware abilities are a better match.
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|---|---|---|
| Named capabilities assigned through roles | Spatie Laravel Permission | It models permissions as capabilities and roles as named groups, with database storage, guards, and Laravel Gate integration. |
| Rules tied to a model class or one model instance | Bouncer | It can grant abilities globally, for a class, or for a concrete record. |
| Ownership-based access | Bouncer | toOwn() is a first-class part of its fluent API. |
| A narrow exception that must be denied | Bouncer | forbid() and unforbid() represent explicit deny rules. |
| Conventional role-based access control with team support | Spatie Laravel Permission | Its documented model centers on users, roles, permissions, guards, and team-aware relationships. |
This is a default, not a prohibition. Either package can handle ordinary capability checks, and both advise checking capabilities rather than hard-coding role names throughout the application. Select the package whose data model expresses your hardest rule without forcing every check into custom code.
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What does Spatie Laravel Permission provide?
Spatie Laravel Permission stores roles and permissions in the database and adds the HasRoles trait to models that receive them. A permission represents a capability such as edit articles; a role is a named collection of those permissions, such as Editor or Moderator.
How are roles and permissions organized?
The usual structure is users have roles, roles have permissions, and application code checks permissions. Permissions may also be assigned directly to users, while users inherit permissions from every role assigned to them. Multiple guards are supported, which matters when one Laravel application authenticates different classes of users through separate guards.
Spatie’s own guidance says that roles are best assigned to users to group people by sets of permissions, while application code should check permissions as much as possible rather than checking role names. That separation lets you rename or reorganize roles without rewriting every view and policy.
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How does Spatie connect to Laravel authorization?
The package registers permissions with Laravel Gate. A user can therefore be checked with the normal authorization surface:
$user->can('edit articles');The same permission-first approach works in controllers, policy authorization, and Blade:
$this->authorize('edit articles', $article);
@can('edit articles')
<button>Edit</button>
@endcanThe exact policy arrangement remains your application’s choice. Spatie supplies the role and permission relationships and Gate integration; it does not require your views to know whether a user received a permission directly or through a role.
When is Spatie’s model a good fit?
- An internal publishing system has permissions such as create, edit, approve, and archive, grouped into Editor, Reviewer, and Administrator roles.
- A back-office application needs stable capabilities across many records, with record-specific decisions handled separately by Laravel policies.
- A product has several authentication guards and wants one permission vocabulary per guard.
- A multi-team application needs team-aware role and permission relationships rather than a separate authorization database for every team.
In these cases, the package’s conventional RBAC vocabulary keeps administration and code understandable: administrators manage roles and permissions, while application code asks whether the current user can perform a named action.
What does Bouncer provide?
Bouncer is a framework-agnostic authorization approach for applications using Eloquent. In Laravel, it provides roles and abilities while allowing those abilities to be granted to users, roles, model classes, or individual model instances.
How do Bouncer’s grants differ from a simple role matrix?
Its fluent API expresses the scope of a grant directly:
Bouncer::allow('editor')->to('create', Post::class);
Bouncer::allow($user)->to('edit', $post);The first rule grants an editor the ability to create posts of a model class. The second grants one user the ability to edit one concrete post. That distinction is the reason Bouncer is attractive when “edit” is not a universal permission but depends on the record being authorized.
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How does Bouncer model ownership?
Ownership rules can be expressed with toOwn(Post::class), allowing an ability to apply to records owned by the authorized user. Bouncer supports customizable ownership columns and closures, so ownership need not be limited to one hard-coded field. This is useful when a user may edit their own draft but not another author’s draft, even though both records are instances of the same model.
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Yes. forbid() creates a deny exception and unforbid() removes it. That gives you a way to represent rules such as “this role may edit posts, but this particular user must not edit this record” without trying to encode every exception as another role.
Bouncer also supports broad grants such as everything(). Broad abilities are convenient for an administrator or service account, but they should be reserved for identities that genuinely need unrestricted access because they reduce the value of narrowly defined checks.
How does Bouncer handle tenants and caching?
Bouncer supplies scope middleware for tenancy. An application can choose whether every relationship is tenant-scoped, only relationships are scoped, or only selected role-ability relationships are scoped. That choice should follow the tenant boundary in your data model; scoping too little risks cross-tenant authorization, while scoping too much can make shared global abilities awkward.
Queries are cached for the request by default. Optional cross-request caching is available, along with refresh methods. If roles or abilities change during an administrative request, refresh the relevant cache before making a decision that must reflect the change immediately.
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| Axis | Spatie Laravel Permission | Bouncer |
|---|---|---|
| Core vocabulary | Permissions grouped into roles | Abilities granted to users or roles |
| Best default fit | Conventional RBAC and permission-name checks | Record-aware rules, ownership, forbids, and fluent grants |
| Model-instance authorization | Usually handled with Laravel policies around permission checks | Built-in grants to a concrete model instance |
| Ownership | Not the central abstraction; use policies for record rules | Built-in toOwn() with customizable ownership logic |
| Deny exceptions | No equivalent documented feature | forbid() and unforbid() |
| Multi-tenancy | Team permissions with team-aware relationships | Scope middleware with configurable tenant scope |
| Laravel integration | Registers permissions with Gate; supports can() and @can |
Gate passthroughs plus native can() and authorize() |
| Integration shape | HasRoles trait, package migrations, and guard configuration |
HasRolesAndAbilities trait, published migrations, and version-specific constraints |
The overlap is substantial for simple checks. The practical difference appears when authorization depends on which record is being accessed, who owns it, whether a specific exception overrides a broad grant, or which tenant relationship is active.
How do model-instance and ownership rules change the implementation?
Record-level authorization has two separate questions: what action is being attempted and which record is the subject. A package that only answers the first question leaves the second to policies, query constraints, or custom application code.
Using Spatie with record-level rules
With Spatie, a common design is to check a named permission first and then use a Laravel policy for the record condition. For example, a user may need the edit articles permission, while the policy also verifies that the article belongs to the user’s team and is not locked.
if ($user->can('edit articles') && $article->team_id === $team->id) {
// Continue to the policy or controller action.
}The exact policy code depends on your domain. The important architectural point is that Spatie remains the permission vocabulary, while ownership, tenant membership, and state-dependent rules live in policies or domain services. This can be a strength when your team already has a mature policy layer, but it means more than one authorization mechanism participates in the final decision.
Using Bouncer for the same rule
Bouncer can put the record relationship in the ability grant itself:
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Bouncer::allow($user)->to('edit', $article);For a general ownership rule, use the ownership form instead of creating a grant for every record:
Bouncer::allow('author')->toOwn('edit', Post::class);Whether an application uses a class-wide grant, an ownership grant, or an instance grant is a modeling decision. Instance grants are precise but can create many relationship rows; ownership rules are compact but require a reliable ownership definition. Explicit forbids are useful when an otherwise valid grant needs a narrow exception.
What should you choose for state-dependent records?
If access depends on mutable state such as draft, published, archived, or locked, do not assume a role package alone can safely encode the rule. Keep the state check in a policy or domain service, and use the selected package for the capability and any tenant or ownership relationships it can express. This prevents a stale role assignment from becoming an accidental bypass of a record-state rule.
How does Laravel Gate integration affect your application code?
Both packages are designed to participate in Laravel’s Gate, so package selection does not require two completely different authorization styles in controllers and templates. Existing calls such as $user->can('publish'), authorize(), and Blade’s native @can can remain the surface that the rest of the application uses.
Why should checks name abilities instead of roles?
A role is an administrative grouping, not necessarily a business action. If a view checks is_editor, changing the organization’s role structure can require code changes even when the user’s actual capability has not changed. If it checks publish articles, administrators can move that permission between roles without altering the view.
Bouncer’s documentation gives the same advice: check abilities rather than roles directly. The result is a stable authorization vocabulary even when a user receives an ability through a role, an ownership rule, or an instance-specific grant.
What does Gate integration not solve?
Gate integration does not automatically constrain database queries. A successful ability check on one record does not filter a list of records returned by a controller. Use tenant-aware query constraints, policy-aware queries, or a domain service so users cannot discover unauthorized records merely because the final edit button is hidden.
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Gate integration also does not eliminate the need to test unauthenticated users, users with multiple roles, users switching teams, and users affected by a deny exception. Those cases must be covered by your authorization tests.
How do team permissions and tenant scopes differ?
Spatie and Bouncer both address multi-tenant applications, but they expose different abstractions. Spatie treats the active team as part of role and permission relationships. Bouncer treats tenancy as a scope that can be applied to selected relationships or to all relevant relationships.
What must be configured in Spatie teams?
Enable the team-aware feature before the first package migration. If the application is being upgraded, the documented setup path is:
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php artisan permission:setup-teamsWhen the active team changes, unset any loaded roles and permissions relations before performing authorization checks. Otherwise, Eloquent may reuse relationships loaded under the previous team and produce a decision for the wrong context.
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This relation-reset requirement is easy to miss because the user, role, and permission objects may look valid while still representing the old team. Make team switching a distinct service operation and clear those relations at the boundary rather than relying on every controller to remember.
How does Bouncer’s tenant scope work?
Bouncer’s scope middleware establishes the tenant context for ability relationships. You decide whether to scope all relationships, only relationship queries, or selected role-ability relationships. That flexibility is useful when some abilities are global, such as a platform-level support role, while others must be isolated to a workspace.
Document the scope decision alongside your tenancy model. A global role accidentally included in a tenant-scoped relationship may disappear when expected, while an unscoped tenant ability can expose another customer’s records. Test both a user who belongs to one tenant and a user who belongs to several.
What compatibility and installation checks matter before choosing?
Package selection should happen after checking your PHP and Laravel versions, not before. Bouncer’s repository notes that version 1.0.2 requires PHP 8.2 or newer and Laravel/Eloquent 11 or newer. Applications on older framework versions need an older Bouncer release whose constraints match the application.
| Check | Spatie Permission | Bouncer |
|---|---|---|
| PHP and Laravel constraint | Verify the release you intend to install against your application’s versions; the reviewed material does not state one universal minimum. | Version 1.0.2 requires PHP 8.2+ and Laravel/Eloquent 11+. |
| Model trait | HasRoles |
HasRolesAndAbilities |
| Database preparation | Run the package migrations; enable teams before the first migration or use the documented team setup command for an upgrade. | Publish and run the package migrations, then verify that the selected release matches the framework version. |
| Authorization surface | Laravel Gate, can(), policies, and Blade @can |
Laravel Gate, can(), authorize(), and Blade @can |
| Tenant behavior | Team-aware relationships; clear loaded role and permission relations when switching teams. | Scope middleware with configurable relationship scope. |
Before production installation, verify the package’s current release constraints in its own documentation and lock a compatible version in Composer. Do not infer compatibility from a blog post written for another Laravel release.
How should you plan a migration from one package to the other?
A migration is an authorization-model conversion, not just a table rename. Treat it as a rules inventory followed by behavior tests.
- List every capability currently checked. Record the exact strings used by controllers, policies, jobs, commands, and Blade templates. Include guard names and team or tenant context.
- Classify each rule. Mark it as global, class-level, ownership-based, instance-specific, tenant-scoped, or an explicit exception. This reveals whether a permission-only model is sufficient.
- Map administrative roles separately from capabilities. Preserve the business action names where possible, but do not assume an old role name should become an ability name.
- Define the tenant boundary. Decide which relationships must be isolated and which platform-wide abilities remain global. Write tests for switching tenants before importing production assignments.
- Load representative assignments in a staging database. Include users with several roles, direct grants, no roles, and conflicting grants. For Bouncer, include ownership and forbid cases; for Spatie, include guard and team combinations.
- Run authorization tests through Gate. Test the same
can(), policy, andauthorize()calls the application uses, rather than testing only package relationship methods. - Cut over with a rollback plan. Keep a snapshot of the old assignments, deploy code that understands the new vocabulary, and only then remove obsolete relationships. A failed migration should not leave users with an empty or unrestricted permission set.
If the existing application already has extensive Laravel policies for ownership and state, Spatie may remain the lower-risk choice even when Bouncer could express some of those rules more fluently. If custom checks have multiplied because every permission must be tied to a record, Bouncer may reduce that complexity after a carefully tested conversion.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Which package fits common Laravel project shapes?
A conventional admin dashboard
Choose Spatie when administrators create roles such as Support, Content Editor, and Finance, then assign stable permissions to those roles. The dashboard can check named capabilities while policy code handles any exceptional business constraints.
A collaborative content system
Choose Bouncer when authors can edit their own posts, reviewers can edit posts in a particular workflow, and a moderator can be denied access to one sensitive record. Ownership, instance grants, and forbids map directly to those requirements.
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A SaaS product with workspaces
Either package can work. Favor Spatie when each workspace mainly assigns named permissions to members and teams are the primary boundary. Favor Bouncer when abilities must be scoped selectively and users receive grants on individual projects, documents, or other records.
A service with a mature policy layer
Spatie is often a natural complement when policies already determine ownership and state. Keep the package responsible for capability membership and let policies answer record-specific questions.
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Do not choose based on the most elaborate feature list. Write three rules that represent the hardest expected cases. If all three are permission names grouped into roles, start with Spatie. If one or more require ownership, instance grants, or deny exceptions, prototype that rule with Bouncer before committing to a schema.
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- Checking role names in views. This couples presentation to administrative labels. Check the capability that the action requires instead.
- Assuming a permission check filters records. Gate answers whether an action is allowed; it does not automatically remove unauthorized rows from a query.
- Forgetting the active team context. With Spatie teams, clear loaded role and permission relations when switching teams.
- Ignoring package version constraints. Bouncer v1.0.2 cannot be treated as compatible with every Laravel or PHP release.
- Expecting Spatie to supply a built-in deny exception. Its reviewed model does not document a Bouncer-style
forbid(); implement narrower record rules in policies or choose a package that models the exception directly. - Granting everything casually. Bouncer’s broad grant is powerful, but a narrowly defined ability set is easier to audit and revoke.
- Using inconsistent ability names. Treat names such as
edit articlesandarticle.editas different capabilities. Establish a naming convention before importing assignments. - Testing only the happy path. Include unauthenticated requests, users with overlapping roles, direct user grants, tenant switches, ownership changes, and explicit denials.
What is the shortest decision checklist?
Answer these questions before installing either package:
- Are most rules stable capability names assigned through roles?
- Must a decision identify a particular model instance?
- Is ownership a recurring rule?
- Do you need an explicit deny that overrides a broad grant?
- Are teams represented as role and permission contexts, or do you need selective tenant scoping?
- Does your PHP and Laravel version satisfy the package release you plan to install?
- Can your test suite exercise the final decision through Laravel Gate?
Mostly “yes” to the first question points to Spatie Laravel Permission. Any of the next three being central to the product points toward Bouncer. The tenancy and compatibility answers then determine the configuration and release you should use.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I assign a Spatie permission directly to a user instead of using a role?
Yes. Spatie supports permissions assigned directly to users as well as permissions inherited through roles. Direct assignments are useful for a small exception, but document them so administrators do not mistake a user’s effective permissions for the permissions of their role.
Does Bouncer eliminate Laravel policies?
No. Bouncer participates in Laravel Gate, while policies can still enforce state, validation, or domain conditions that are not represented by an ability grant. Treat Bouncer as the ability source and keep policy logic where a decision depends on application state.
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1Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitches2Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errors3Scan for outdated or missing drivers - takes under a minuteWhat happens if I switch Spatie teams without clearing relationships?
Previously loaded role and permission relationships can remain attached to the user, so a subsequent check may use the old team’s context. Unset those loaded relationships at the team-switch boundary before making authorization decisions.
Is Bouncer v1.0.2 compatible with Laravel 10?
The repository requirement for Bouncer v1.0.2 is PHP 8.2 or newer together with Laravel/Eloquent 11 or newer. A Laravel 10 application must select an older Bouncer release whose stated constraints support that framework version.
Can both packages use the same Blade authorization syntax?
Both integrate with Laravel Gate, so native Blade checks such as @can can remain the presentation-layer interface. The ability names and underlying assignments still need to be mapped consistently when changing packages.
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