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First identify what action failed and copy the complete error: cloning or pulling, pushing, an API request, a GitHub CLI command, or a Copilot CLI sign-in. “Permission denied (publickey),” “Permission to user/repo denied to other-user,” and “Access denied by policy settings” point to different failure stages and need different fixes. If you can read a repository but cannot write to it, your credentials may be working correctly while your account has only read access.
Identify the failure before changing credentials
GitHub access problems can happen at the host or network, authentication, repository-authorization, or product-policy stage. Note the exact command or UI action, the full error text, and whether the operation was a read or a write. A failed push after a successful clone is not the same problem as a failed SSH login.
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Inspect the repository remote with
git remote -v. Check that the owner, repository name, host, and protocol match what you intended. A renamed repository or typo can look like a permissions problem. -
Record whether the remote uses SSH (typically
git@github.com:OWNER/REPO.git) or HTTPS. The credential checks differ by protocol.Special offer. See more information about Outbyte and uninstall instructions. Please review EULA and Privacy policy.#1 Best Overall
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Keep the complete error text. In particular, distinguish
Permission denied (publickey)from a denial naming a repository, organization policy, subscription, or OAuth authorization.
If you can read but cannot push or write
Successful cloning, fetching, or pulling shows that the current identity can read the repository; it does not establish permission to push. Read-only access may be the intended boundary. In that case, repeatedly replacing keys or rotating tokens will not grant write access.
Ask the repository owner or organization administrator to confirm your access and grant the minimum permission needed for the intended operation. GitHub’s SSH troubleshooting separates successful account authentication from authorization to a particular repository: repository access troubleshooting.
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For “Permission denied (publickey)” over SSH
GitHub describes this message as the server rejecting the connection. Check the SSH host, username, offered key, agent, and GitHub account association; do not start by changing repository permissions if SSH authentication itself has not succeeded. See GitHub’s public-key error guidance.
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Test the connection with
ssh -T git@github.com. Usegitas the SSH username—not your GitHub username. -
Check the greeting. GitHub’s successful test says, “Hi USERNAME! You’ve successfully authenticated, but GitHub does not provide shell access.” The command can return exit code 1 despite that greeting; the exit code alone does not mean authentication failed. See GitHub’s SSH connection test instructions.
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If authentication fails, inspect which identity the client offers with
ssh -vT git@github.com, then list keys loaded in the agent withssh-add -l -E sha256. Confirm that the matching public key is added to the GitHub account you intend to use. -
Check that the returned GitHub username is the expected account. If it is not, the client may be offering a different key or the key may be associated with another account.
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Avoid running Git with
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If SSH authenticates but one repository denies access
A successful SSH greeting proves which GitHub account authenticated, not that the account can access every repository. If only one repository fails, verify the remote owner and repository, then ask its owner or organization administrator to check your membership and required permission.
Also check whether the SSH key is a deploy key attached to a different repository. A deploy key is repository-specific, so successful use with one repository does not grant access to another.
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For HTTPS, a GitHub CLI action, or an application credential, establish which credential is actually being used before replacing it. Check the active account, token validity and expiration, repository selection or scope, and the permission required for the specific operation. A token that permits reading may not permit writing.
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Check for a stored credential or environment token belonging to a different account than expected.
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Confirm that the credential covers the target repository, not merely a different repository or a narrower selection.
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Match its permissions to the requested action. Use only the access needed; exact permission requirements depend on the operation and product.
Codespaces credentials
In its Codespaces repository-authentication guidance, GitHub says the default HTTPS credential is a GITHUB_TOKEN configured for access to the source repository. If the Codespace needs to access another repository, configure only the required repository access and permissions, including Contents permission where appropriate. Follow the product-specific repository authentication guidance for Codespaces; do not assume a token configured for one repository automatically authorizes another.
If the denial mentions policy, subscription, or OAuth
A policy message is not necessarily a Git credential problem. Check which GitHub product or feature produced it and whether an organization policy or product entitlement restricts access. For example, GitHub documents policy and entitlement errors for Copilot CLI; this branch applies to that product, not to every Git operation. An organization administrator may need to enable the relevant access. See GitHub’s Copilot CLI troubleshooting guidance.
An OAuth callback with access_denied can instead mean the user declined the application’s authorization request. GitHub Enterprise Server 3.18 documents that a rejected request redirects to the registered callback URL with parameters summarizing the error. In that case, verify the application and requested access, then authorize it only if you intend to. This OAuth behavior is documented for that Enterprise Server version; it should not be confused with a failed Git push. See the GitHub Enterprise Server 3.18 OAuth troubleshooting page.
Quick Recap
Choose the fix that matches the failure stage
| What you observe | Likely stage | Next check |
|---|---|---|
Permission denied (publickey) |
SSH authentication | Host and SSH user, offered key, agent identity, and key attached to the intended account. |
| SSH greeting succeeds, but a repository operation is denied | Repository authorization | Remote target, account access, and whether the key is restricted as a deploy key. |
| Clone or pull works, but push fails | Write authorization | Confirm the account has the required write permission; request it from the owner or administrator if not. |
| HTTPS, CLI, or app request is denied | Credential scope or permission | Identify the active credential and account; check validity, repository coverage, and operation-specific permissions. |
| Policy, subscription, or OAuth denial | Product policy or authorization | Check the named product’s entitlement or organization policy, or whether OAuth authorization was declined. |
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