Do these 3 things before closing this tab:
1Repair Windows errors before they cause bigger problems2Scan for outdated or missing drivers - takes under a minute3Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errorsTo repair the component store in the Windows installation you’re currently using, open Command Prompt or PowerShell as an administrator and run DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth. DISM scans the store and attempts to repair detected corruption, using an available Windows repair source.
Run DISM against the current Windows installation
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Open Start, search for Command Prompt or PowerShell, then select Run as administrator. Approve the User Account Control prompt if it appears.
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Enter this command and press Enter:
DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth -
Let the operation finish. Microsoft says it takes several minutes; the actual time varies. Keep the window open while it runs.
/Online targets the running Windows image; it does not mean that DISM is repairing an offline installation. /Cleanup-Image selects image cleanup and recovery operations, and /RestoreHealth scans for component-store corruption and attempts repair automatically. See Microsoft’s Repair a Windows Image and DISM command-line options documentation.
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Understand the DISM health commands
These commands have different purposes; only RestoreHealth attempts the repair.
| Command | What it does |
|---|---|
DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /CheckHealth |
Checks whether corruption has already been recorded and whether the image is repairable. It is a quick status check, not a full scan. |
DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /ScanHealth |
Scans the component store for corruption; Microsoft says this can take several minutes. |
DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth |
Scans for corruption and performs repair operations automatically. |
You can run RestoreHealth directly for a repair; running CheckHealth and ScanHealth first is not required by the documented repair procedure. Microsoft describes the switches in its DISM servicing options reference.
Choose a repair source if Windows cannot provide the files
When you omit /Source, DISM uses the configured repair source, which can include Windows Update. On a managed computer, policy may specify or restrict repair sources. If you have a suitable mounted Windows image, you can point DISM to its Windows directory:
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DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth /Source:C:testmountwindows /LimitAccessReplace C:testmountwindows with the actual Windows directory of the mounted image. The source must contain files suitable for repairing the target installation. A USB drive by itself is not a repair source; the relevant source is a suitable mounted Windows image.
/LimitAccess prevents DISM from contacting Windows Update as a repair source. Use it when the specified local source or a configured policy source is meant to supply the needed files; otherwise, leaving it out allows Windows Update to be used when available. If you specify multiple /Source locations, DISM uses files from the first location where they are found and ignores later locations. Microsoft documents these behaviors in Repair a Windows Image, Repair-WindowsImage, and Configure a Windows Repair Source.
Target an offline Windows image instead
If the Windows installation you want to repair is mounted or otherwise accessible as an offline image, use /Image: with that image’s path rather than the running-system /Online option. Microsoft’s example is:
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DISM /Image:C:offline /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth /Source:C:testmountwindowsReplace C:offline with the offline Windows image path and the source path with a suitable known-good mounted image. The target and source are separate paths: the target is the installation being repaired, while the source supplies repair files. See Microsoft’s offline image repair procedure.
Run SFC and investigate an unsuccessful repair
For the component-store and Windows Update errors covered in Microsoft’s troubleshooting guidance, run System File Checker after DISM:
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