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Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errorsFree Scan →Scan for outdated or missing drivers - takes under a minuteDriver Scan →A hurricane forecast cone shows uncertainty in the storm’s forecast center track. It does not show the storm’s full size, all areas at risk, or a boundary beyond which it is safe. In the 2026 season, the National Hurricane Center (NHC) is publishing an experimental ellipse-based cone alongside its standard circle-based cone, so check which graphic you are viewing before interpreting it.
What does the hurricane cone mean?
The cone marks an area of uncertainty around the forecast path of a tropical cyclone’s center. In the standard NHC graphic, circles are placed at forecast positions from 12 through 120 hours; connecting the circles’ outer edges creates the familiar widening cone. The NHC defines it as the area swept out by those circles along the forecast track.
For the 2026 operational cone, each circle’s radius is based on the 67th percentile of official center-track forecast errors in a rolling five-year sample. In practical terms, two-thirds of the historical errors for the relevant forecast lead and basin fell within that radius. The radii used in 2026 reflect errors from 2021–2025, and differ between the Atlantic and Eastern/Central Pacific.
| Forecast lead | Atlantic radius | Eastern/Central Pacific radius |
|---|---|---|
| 12 hours | 25 nautical miles | 25 nautical miles |
| 24 hours | 39 nautical miles | 37 nautical miles |
| 36 hours | 49 nautical miles | 48 nautical miles |
| 48 hours | 62 nautical miles | 56 nautical miles |
| 60 hours | 77 nautical miles | 66 nautical miles |
| 72 hours | 95 nautical miles | 78 nautical miles |
| 96 hours | 134 nautical miles | 106 nautical miles |
| 120 hours | 200 nautical miles | 138 nautical miles |
These are statistical track-error radii, not measurements of a particular storm. The cone widens because historical center-track errors tend to be larger at longer forecast leads. Annual errors vary with the season’s track characteristics, so its width is not a fixed physical property of a storm. See the NHC definition of the track forecast cone and its forecast verification information.
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Does the cone show where the hurricane will hit?
No. It shows uncertainty in the center’s forecast track, not a guaranteed landfall area. A center may pass through a part of the cone, but the cone does not say that every place inside it will experience hurricane conditions—or that locations outside it will avoid impacts.
The 67% figure applies to the historical error calibration of individual circles in the operational cone. Separately, the NHC says the entire five-day center path has historically remained within the conventional cone about 60–70% of the time. That whole-path statistic is not a promise about an individual storm, and neither figure is the probability that impacts will stay inside the cone.
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Can a hurricane affect places outside the cone?
Yes. As the NHC emphasizes, a tropical cyclone is not a point: strong winds and other hazards can extend far from its center and well beyond the cone. The cone is not a safe/unsafe line.
Use the cone alongside the relevant hazard graphics and local alerts:
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- Wind-field and wind-probability graphics: These provide information about wind extent and point-specific wind risk that the center-track cone cannot. NHC wind probabilities account for uncertainty in track, intensity, and storm size.
- Wind radii on the forecast/advisory graphic: Shaded wind areas show the maximum possible extent of a wind speed within each quadrant. A location inside the orange or red shading is not certain to experience those sustained winds; read the graphic’s legend.
- Local watches and warnings: Check current alerts for your location and follow local emergency guidance rather than using the cone’s edge to decide whether to prepare.
For the current definitions and explanation of these products, see the NHC’s tropical cyclone graphics guidance.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Does the cone show the storm’s size?
No. The cone represents uncertainty about the center’s location, not the diameter or reach of the storm’s wind field. A storm’s effects may extend many hundreds of miles from its center. A narrow cone does not mean a small storm, and a wide cone does not mean the storm itself is physically large.
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How to distinguish the 2026 operational and experimental cones
During the 2026 hurricane season, NHC is issuing an experimental ellipse-based graphic in addition to the operational cone. The two products use different shapes and error calculations; do not apply the operational cone’s 67% circle explanation to the experimental ellipses.
| Graphic | Construction and error basis | Status and meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Operational cone | Circles around forecast points, based on the 67th percentile of absolute official track errors over the preceding five years. The 2026 radii use 2021–2025 errors. | Standard operational product; communicates uncertainty in the forecast center track. |
| Experimental cone | Ellipses anchored at forecast points. Their axes use the 90th percentile of the preceding five years’ along-track (faster or slower than forecast) and cross-track (left or right of forecast) errors. | Experimental product issued alongside the operational cone; NHC describes it as showing the likely track area of the storm center. |
NHC is soliciting feedback on the experimental product through November 30, 2026. Its experimental cone information explains the current product and its method. When reading either graphic, note the basin and forecast lead, then consult the wind, probability, and alert products for hazards at your location.
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