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Scan for outdated or missing drivers - takes under a minuteDriver Scan →Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errorsFree Scan →Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitchesFind Drivers →You can check whether AI-company agents requested your pages by reviewing your public robots.txt files and searching your server, CDN, or hosting access logs. Those checks reveal your site’s stated crawler preferences and recorded requests; they do not prove that a company trained a model on a page or used it in a particular answer.
What you can—and cannot—verify
There are three separate questions, and each requires different evidence:
- Did an agent request a page? Access logs can show a recorded request, including its path, time, response status, user-agent, and source IP.
- What does your site ask crawlers to do? The public
robots.txtfile shows rules your site communicates to compliant crawlers. - Was the content later used? A request, robots rule, or referral does not establish that a page was retained, included in training data, or used to generate a response.
A missing log entry is not proof that a company never accessed or used the content. Logs may no longer cover the relevant period, may omit infrastructure paths, or may not identify the agent; content may also have reached a company through another source. There is no universal site-owner check that establishes all downstream use.
How to audit your site
1. Inspect robots.txt on every relevant hostname
Open the public robots.txt at each hostname and subdomain you want to assess—for example, https://example.com/robots.txt and https://blog.example.com/robots.txt. Note provider-specific User-agent groups and their Allow or Disallow rules. Anthropic advises applying rules to each subdomain you intend to cover. OpenAI documents separate controls for training-oriented crawling and ChatGPT search, while Google’s Google-Extended token controls specified Gemini uses without affecting Google Search inclusion. OpenAI’s bot documentation, Anthropic’s crawler guidance, and Google’s crawler reference explain the current provider-specific distinctions.
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A robots rule expresses a preference; it is not authentication or a technical barrier. It does not tell you whether an agent visited in the past. The Robots Exclusion Protocol is voluntary, as Cloudflare’s overview explains.
2. Search the logs your infrastructure actually retains
Depending on your setup, useful records may be in origin-server, CDN, WAF, hosting-provider, or log-drain systems. Search for documented provider user-agent tokens. For each matching request, retain:
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- Timestamp and requested URL or path
- HTTP response status
- User-agent string
- Source IP address
Keep the status code: a successful response is different evidence from a 403, challenge, or error. Cloudflare’s bot reference lists identifiers and categories for major operators, including OpenAI, Anthropic, Perplexity, Google, Meta, Amazon, ByteDance, and Common Crawl.
3. Validate the claimed identity where possible
User-agent strings can be spoofed. When the provider publishes crawler IP ranges, compare the request’s source IP with its current published ranges. OpenAI provides IP references in its bot documentation; Anthropic points to its crawler IP list. Google documents its crawler IP ranges and verification guidance in its crawler reference. IP validation increases confidence in the request’s origin, but only to the extent the provider’s published ranges and your records are current.
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4. Classify the agent’s role before interpreting a hit
Not every AI-related request is a training scrape. Providers distinguish background crawling for possible training, search indexing, and a page fetch prompted by a person. The user-agent token and provider documentation help identify which kind of activity a request represents; they do not prove what happened to the content afterward.
5. Review referral analytics separately
Referral reports can show visits attributed to an AI product, not crawler access or model training. OpenAI says ChatGPT search referrals include utm_source=chatgpt.com in its publisher FAQ. Cloudflare also lists operator referrer domains in its bot reference. Some app referrals may not include a Referer header, so an absent referral does not show that your content was not accessed or used.
Which AI agents might appear in records?
| Provider and identifier | Documented role | What a request indicates |
|---|---|---|
OpenAI GPTBot |
Crawls content that may be used in training OpenAI generative AI foundation models. | A validated request shows crawler access, not actual training inclusion. OpenAI says disallowing GPTBot indicates content should not be used for training; the request record cannot reveal whether the content was previously obtained elsewhere. |
OpenAI OAI-SearchBot |
Helps surface websites in ChatGPT search results. | It indicates search-oriented crawling, not a training event. OpenAI says its setting is independent from GPTBot. |
OpenAI ChatGPT-User |
May fetch a page following a user action, including some Custom GPT use. | This is user-triggered retrieval, not background crawling. OpenAI says robots.txt rules may not apply to these actions. |
Anthropic ClaudeBot |
Collects web content that could potentially contribute to model training. | It indicates a training-oriented crawler request, not proof that the page entered training data. |
Anthropic Claude-SearchBot |
Navigates and analyzes web content to improve search result quality. | It indicates search-related activity, distinct from ClaudeBot’s training-oriented collection. |
Anthropic Claude-User |
Retrieves websites when people ask Claude questions. | It indicates user-directed fetching, not background training crawl. |
Google Google-Extended |
A robots.txt control token for specified use of Google-crawled content in Gemini training and grounding. | It has no separate HTTP user-agent string, so you cannot find it as its own bot in ordinary access logs. Its use does not affect Google Search inclusion or rankings. |
Provider roles and controls can change. Check the linked documentation before editing rules. Anthropic’s Privacy Center, dated April 7, 2026, describes its three agents and says they respect robots.txt directives. It also cautions that IP blocking may not reliably preserve an opt-out because it can prevent the crawler from reading robots.txt; use the applicable rules for each subdomain you intend to cover.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Choose controls based on your goal
Provider controls are not interchangeable. Decide whether you want to express a preference about training, retain search visibility, or limit user-triggered retrieval. Restricting a search or user-fetch agent can reduce discovery or retrieval in that product. For example, OpenAI says GPTBot and OAI-SearchBot settings are independent; Google says Google-Extended does not affect Google Search inclusion. Review the provider’s current documentation before changing a rule.
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For Google, the key operational distinction is that Google-Extended is a robots.txt token, not a distinct visiting bot. Google says its crawlers use existing Google user-agent strings, and the token governs specified future Gemini model and grounding uses. A search-engine log entry therefore cannot tell you whether Google-Extended was allowed or blocked; inspect the robots file for that preference instead. See Google’s official reference.
How to interpret aggregate crawl-to-referral figures
Cloudflare reported aggregate crawl-to-referral ratios in June 2025 of 1,700:1 for OpenAI and 73,000:1 for Anthropic. These figures were calculated from relevant HTML requests and referrals; Cloudflare cautioned that native-app traffic may lack a Referer header. They are historical aggregate observations, not measurements of an individual website and not evidence of training use. Details and qualifications are in Cloudflare’s report.
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