For a new or maintained application that accesses Exchange Online, use Microsoft Graph when it supports the operations your application needs. Microsoft recommends migrating Exchange Online apps away from Exchange Web Services (EWS), and phased EWS disablement began October 1, 2026; permanent retirement is scheduled for April 1, 2027. Graph is not supported for Exchange Server on-premises, however, and it does not cover every EWS capability. The right choice depends first on where the target mailboxes live, then on whether Graph supports the app’s actual workflows.
Quick comparison: EWS or Microsoft Graph?
| Decision point | Exchange Web Services (EWS) | Microsoft Graph | What it means |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exchange Online direction | Legacy API; Microsoft said in 2018 that it would make no active investment in Exchange Online EWS APIs. | Microsoft recommends Graph for migrating Exchange Online applications. | Prefer Graph for supported Exchange Online workloads. |
| Exchange Server on-premises | Used by existing Exchange integrations. | Not supported for Exchange on-premises, according to Microsoft Learn. | Graph is not a direct EWS replacement for on-premises mailboxes. |
| Protocol | SOAP | REST, with JSON serialization | The integration model changes. Microsoft cites lower network use as a Graph benefit, but that does not establish a performance gain for a particular workload. |
| Authentication | OAuth 2.0 is supported; basic authentication is also supported currently but is deprecated and being deactivated across Microsoft 365. | OAuth 2.0; basic authentication is not supported. | Apps that still use basic authentication need an authentication change. |
| Mailbox permissions | Delegated and application permissions; Microsoft characterizes mailbox access as all-or-nothing. | Delegated and application permissions, with more granular scopes for Exchange Online mailbox features. | Graph can support narrower permission design, subject to admin consent and mailbox-access controls. |
| Feature coverage | Existing operations can depend on capabilities without a Graph equivalent. | Many scenarios map, but gaps remain and Microsoft says some capabilities will not be added. | Map the app’s real operations before estimating or starting a migration. |
Which API should you choose for your Exchange deployment?
Exchange Online
For Exchange Online, make Microsoft Graph the default for new development and plan to migrate maintained EWS applications where the required functionality is available. Microsoft describes EWS as a legacy protocol and says it announced in August 2018 that there would be no active investment in EWS APIs for Exchange Online. The current migration overview is at Microsoft Learn’s EWS migration overview.
Exchange Server on-premises
Do not choose Graph as an on-premises EWS replacement: Microsoft states that “Microsoft Graph is not supported for Exchange on-premises.” Continue with a supported on-premises architecture and assess any required changes against Microsoft’s product guidance.
Hybrid organizations
“Hybrid” is not enough to determine API support. Identify the location of each application’s target mailboxes: Graph migration guidance applies to Exchange Online, while Graph is not supported for Exchange on-premises. An application that serves mailboxes in both locations needs a deployment-specific design rather than an assumed single-endpoint swap.
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What the October 2026 EWS timeline means
Microsoft’s Exchange Online guidance says phased EWS disablement begins October 1, 2026, with permanent retirement scheduled for April 1, 2027. The schedule is for Exchange Online; do not apply it indiscriminately to every on-premises EWS deployment. Consult Microsoft’s current EWS deprecation guidance and Exchange Online service description when planning around those dates.
The timeline makes application discovery urgent for Exchange Online tenants, but it does not make every EWS workload immediately migratable. Some required capabilities may lack a Graph equivalent, and roadmap estimates are not guarantees.
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Does Microsoft Graph have EWS feature parity?
No. Microsoft says many application scenarios have direct mappings from EWS operations to Graph APIs, but its parity guidance lists remaining gaps and capabilities that will not be added. A similar-sounding Graph endpoint is not proof that it supports the same workflow, mailbox type, or behavior.
Capabilities Microsoft says will not be added
- Generic Public Folder CRUD.
- Generic Microsoft 365 Group mailbox CRUD. For group scenarios, Microsoft points developers to supported Graph group conversations, threads, and posts.
- Generic Discovery Mailbox access. For supported discovery scenarios, Microsoft points to Microsoft Purview eDiscovery APIs and workflows.
For these and other required operations, consult Microsoft’s EWS-to-Graph API mapping and parity guidance. Microsoft warns: “If an EWS capability isn’t listed in this roadmap table, don’t plan on a corresponding Microsoft Graph or Exchange Admin API capability being available before EWS is fully disabled.”
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Roadmap items are targets, not delivery promises
Microsoft’s parity page includes items with estimated Q3 or Q4 calendar-year 2026 availability targets, including notes, contact lists, additional contact properties, and import/export scenarios. Microsoft says target dates can change. Check the current roadmap and confirm availability for the cloud your application uses rather than treating a quarter as a release guarantee.
How authentication and permissions differ
Both APIs support OAuth 2.0; Graph does not support basic authentication
Microsoft documents OAuth 2.0 for both EWS and Graph. EWS currently also supports basic authentication, which is deprecated and being deactivated across Microsoft 365 organizations; Graph does not support it. An EWS app that relies on basic authentication therefore needs an OAuth-based authentication design, whether or not its feature set can move to Graph.
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Graph offers more granular permission design
Both APIs support delegated access, where the app acts in the context of an authenticated user, and application access, where the app acts without a signed-in user. Microsoft characterizes EWS access as covering everything the delegated user can access or everything EWS can access under application permissions, without granular mailbox scoping. Graph can grant access to particular Exchange Online features—for example, mail reading without calendar or contact access. Review the current permission model in Microsoft’s EWS-to-Graph authentication guidance.
EWS impersonation is not a drop-in Graph service-account pattern
EWS impersonation lets a service-account application act as a user. In the model Microsoft describes for Graph application access, the app authenticates with its own identity using client credentials; administrators can grant broad mailbox access by default or restrict the app to specific mailboxes. Plan and review the authorization design with least privilege in mind instead of translating impersonation into a new endpoint and assuming the security model is unchanged.
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How to assess an EWS-to-Graph migration
- Find active applications. Identify each EWS app, its owner, purpose, target mailbox locations, and actual usage. Microsoft recommends starting with EWS Usage Reports; its deprecation guidance also discusses the EWS Analyzer.
- Inventory operations and mailbox types. Record the EWS operations the application actually calls and the mailbox types or data it touches, such as mail, calendar, contacts, tasks, archives, public folders, groups, or discovery.
- Map each workflow. Compare the inventory with Microsoft’s current EWS-to-Graph mapping and parity roadmap. Verify behavior and availability for the relevant cloud; do not infer equivalence from operation names.
- Document the current access model. Determine whether the app uses basic authentication, OAuth delegated access, application permissions, or EWS impersonation. Design OAuth and permission changes—including mailbox restrictions and admin consent—as part of the migration.
- Test the application’s real workflows. Validate the operations and mailbox types the app actually needs, including error handling and permission boundaries. The right test plan comes from the application inventory, not from a generic list of API features.
- Choose a supported path for gaps. Where Graph lacks a required capability, evaluate Microsoft’s documented alternative, such as supported Graph group conversations or Purview eDiscovery workflows, or work with the application vendor. Do not assume an unlisted roadmap item will arrive before EWS retirement.
What Graph’s development ecosystem changes—and what it does not
Microsoft Graph offers REST endpoints, Graph Explorer, SDKs for multiple languages, and access to a broader Microsoft 365 API surface. These resources can help developers explore and implement supported scenarios. They do not guarantee EWS feature parity, remove the need to review permissions, or establish a workload-specific speed improvement.
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