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1Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitches2Repair Windows errors before they cause bigger problems3Scan for outdated or missing drivers - takes under a minuteA launch delay does not always mean the rocket is grounded for the day: controllers may pause the countdown, wait for a problem or weather to clear, and resume if the rules and launch window allow. A scrub means the attempt is over. The team then follows vehicle-specific procedures and chooses a later launch opportunity.
What is the difference between a hold, a delay, and a scrub?
A hold pauses the countdown. Some holds are planned: NASA explains that scheduled holds help target a precise launch window and provide time for countdown tasks. If a concern comes up, controllers may also stop the clock while teams assess it.
A delay is a broader description of a launch happening later than planned. Depending on the situation, the countdown may resume from the hold, be recycled to an earlier point, or end in a scrub. The terminology and decision rules vary by mission.
A scrub ends the current launch attempt so the mission can be rescheduled. NASA’s historical Apollo mission rules use the term for termination of a launch for rescheduling; the term remains useful, but those documents do not describe procedures for modern rockets. NASA’s Artemis I wet dress rehearsal coverage describes practicing countdown recycling and scrub procedures on the SLS.
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Why can a launch be delayed or scrubbed?
Weather outside safe limits
Weather may make conditions unsafe for launch. NASA’s crew launch reference identifies storms, thick clouds, and wind shear as hazards and explains that a launch can be delayed until conditions are favorable. A forecast or observed condition must be assessed against the mission’s safety rules; poor weather does not automatically mean every launch is scrubbed.
Technical issues
A vehicle or ground-system problem can prompt a hold while engineers assess whether it can be resolved within the available countdown time. NASA’s SLS rehearsal coverage identifies technical issues as a possible reason not to proceed. Depending on the issue and the mission rules, controllers may resume, recycle the clock, or terminate the attempt.
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Other mission-specific constraints
Weather and technical concerns are common examples, not a complete list for every rocket or operator. Launch windows and vehicle constraints can also shape whether teams have enough time to continue. If a condition cannot be cleared within the time and operating limits available, managers may scrub rather than press ahead.
What happens to the rocket after a scrub?
The team follows procedures for that vehicle and for the point in the countdown when the attempt ended. The work is not identical for every rocket, and a scrub does not automatically mean the vehicle must be rolled back or repaired.
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- Make the vehicle safe: Controllers carry out the applicable shutdown and safing steps.
- Recycle the countdown: If appropriate, teams return the count to an earlier point before a later attempt.
- Service or inspect as needed: Depending on the vehicle and the reason for the scrub, teams may need to drain propellant, inspect equipment, fix a fault, or retest systems.
- Plan the next opportunity: The team checks the launch window and the time needed for any required work before setting a new target.
For example, NASA’s SLS wet dress rehearsal included recycling the clock and draining the tanks to practice scrub procedures. That example illustrates SLS rehearsal work; it does not mean every rocket is drained after every scrub. Propellant type, vehicle design, countdown timing, the cause, and the next available window all affect what happens.
When will they try again?
There is no standard number of hours or days between a scrub and the next attempt. Teams need an opportunity that fits the mission’s launch window and enough time to complete any required servicing, inspection, repair, retest, or countdown recycle.
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One example shows how quickly the schedule can move: in a June 2026 update about a weather scrub of a mission to boost NASA’s Swift observatory, NASA reported that the next attempt was targeted for no earlier than Wednesday, July 1. That was a target for that mission, not a general turnaround rule.
A revised time is not a guarantee of liftoff. Conditions and operational assessments continue to matter, so check the launch operator’s official mission page, blog, or status feed for the latest schedule.
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How to read a launch-status update
When an update says a launch is delayed, look for what the countdown is actually doing. A hold means the count is paused; a recycle means it has returned to an earlier point; a scrub means that attempt has ended. Then check whether the operator has announced a new target and whether it is tentative or described as “no earlier than.”
These status words describe different stages of the decision, but exact procedures and labels are mission-specific. An announced target can still change if teams need more work or conditions are unsuitable.
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