Pakistan’s PRSC-EO1, also called EO-1, is an electro-optical Earth-observation satellite that launched successfully from China on 17 January 2025. SUPARCO says it is designed to collect optical images of Earth’s surface for uses such as crop monitoring, urban planning, environmental management and disaster response. The launch was Chinese; Pakistan’s agencies describe the satellite itself as indigenous.
What is Pakistan’s EO-1 satellite?
PRSC-EO1 is the name used by Pakistan’s Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (SUPARCO); Pakistani government reporting also calls it EO-1. SUPARCO describes it as an electro-optical remote-sensing satellite that acquires images of Earth’s surface. In practical terms, it observes reflected light rather than using radar to image the ground.
That distinction matters: EO-1 is an optical-imaging mission, not a synthetic-aperture-radar (SAR) satellite. SUPARCO’s later PRSC-S1 mission page identifies that satellite as a SAR mission in the broader Remote Sensing Constellation; it is a different sensor type, not another name for EO-1.
When and where did it launch?
EO-1 launched on 17 January 2025 from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centre in China aboard a Chinese Long March 2D rocket. China’s National Space Administration reported the launch at 12:07 Beijing time and said the satellite entered its planned orbit successfully. Pakistan’s Radio Pakistan also confirmed the launch that day.
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SUPARCO lists the satellite’s orbit as sun-synchronous at an altitude of 520 km. A sun-synchronous orbit gives observations a consistent relationship to local sunlight as the satellite passes over locations, useful for comparing optical images over time. The altitude and orbit are specifications reported by SUPARCO, not independent performance measurements.
What is EO-1 intended to do?
SUPARCO says the satellite’s optical imagery is intended to support several public-sector and planning uses. These are stated applications, not published evidence that EO-1 has already delivered particular results.
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- Agriculture: monitoring crops and irrigation conditions.
- Urban planning: assessing urban growth and land use.
- Environment: observing environmental conditions and change.
- Disaster response: supporting monitoring and response planning.
- Natural resources: helping monitor and manage resources.
SUPARCO’s mission overview describes the intended role and specifications at PRSC-EO1 Satellite. Pre-launch reporting by the Associated Press of Pakistan also described proposed applications, but does not establish measured impact.
What does “indigenous” mean when the launch was Chinese?
Pakistan’s agencies call EO-1 its first indigenous electro-optical satellite, while the documented launch used a Chinese rocket at a Chinese launch site. Those facts are compatible: “indigenous” is the agencies’ description of the satellite, not a claim that Pakistan supplied the launch vehicle or launch facility.
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The official material cited here does not specify which development or manufacturing components underpin that label. It is therefore more precise to say that Pakistan describes the satellite as indigenous and that it was launched from China, rather than to infer details about its manufacturing or technology supply chain.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.What is known about its lifespan and current status?
SUPARCO lists a five-year mission life. This is a stated design figure, not a guarantee of service through a particular date and not confirmation of the satellite’s current operational health. The launch report establishes that EO-1 reached its planned orbit in January 2025; it does not establish its present telemetry, operating status, or continued image collection.
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The cited official pages do not state an image-resolution figure, provide a public EO-1 imagery portal, or explain image licensing, pricing, or delivery schedules. A reader should not assume that successful launch means EO-1 images are publicly downloadable or commercially available.
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Key mission facts
| Detail | Reported information |
|---|---|
| Mission names | PRSC-EO1 (SUPARCO); EO-1 (Pakistani government reporting) |
| Satellite type | Electro-optical Earth-observation / optical remote sensing |
| Launch date | 17 January 2025 |
| Launch time | 12:07 Beijing time, reported by CNSA |
| Launch site | Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centre, China |
| Launch vehicle | Long March 2D |
| Orbit | Sun-synchronous; 520 km altitude, per SUPARCO |
| Listed mission life | Five years, per SUPARCO; a design specification, not a current-status report |
Sources
- SUPARCO: PRSC-EO1 Satellite — mission description and specifications.
- China National Space Administration: launch report — launch time, vehicle, site and successful orbit insertion.
- Associated Press of Pakistan: pre-launch report — schedule and proposed applications.
- Radio Pakistan: launch-day confirmation.
- SUPARCO: PRSC-S1 Satellite — SAR mission context.
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