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Set Playwright’s viewport before you navigate: await page.setViewportSize({ width: 1200, height: 800 }). That width controls the page’s responsive layout. Use clip.width only when you want to crop the captured rectangle, fullPage when you need the entire scrollable height, and scale: 'css' when the output file must stay one pixel per CSS pixel.
Choose the setting that actually controls width
Playwright has several screenshot options that are often mistaken for one another. Pick the control based on the result you need:
| Goal | Use | What it changes |
|---|---|---|
| Make the page render as a 1,200-pixel layout | page.setViewportSize() or context viewport |
CSS viewport width and responsive breakpoints |
| Capture only a rectangle of a rendered page | clip: { x, y, width, height } |
Visible output rectangle; it does not reflow the page |
| Capture the whole document vertically | fullPage: true |
Vertical coverage, not horizontal layout width |
| Keep output pixels equal to CSS pixels | scale: 'css' |
CSS-to-device-pixel conversion |
| Capture one component | locator.screenshot() |
The selected element’s bounding box |
The viewport should normally be configured before navigation. Setting it after the page has loaded can leave responsive scripts, images, or breakpoint-dependent components in a state that does not match a fresh visit at the target width.
Set a fixed screenshot width in JavaScript
This complete example creates a browser, sets a 1,200 by 800 CSS-pixel viewport, navigates, and saves a PNG:
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import { chromium } from 'playwright';
const browser = await chromium.launch();
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.setViewportSize({ width: 1200, height: 800 });
await page.goto('https://example.com', { waitUntil: 'networkidle' });
await page.screenshot({ path: 'screenshot.png' });
await browser.close();width and height are CSS pixels. The width determines which media queries and responsive layout rules run. The height determines the initial visible area; it does not limit a fullPage capture.
Set the viewport on the browser context
When several pages should share the same dimensions, define the viewport when creating the context:
import { chromium } from 'playwright';
const browser = await chromium.launch();
const context = await browser.newContext({
viewport: { width: 1200, height: 800 }
});
const page = await context.newPage();
await page.goto('https://example.com');
await page.screenshot({ path: 'context-width.png' });
await browser.close();Context-level configuration is useful in test fixtures and screenshot workers because every page starts with the same layout. A page-level call is convenient when one page needs a different width.
Make the screenshot exactly 1,200 output pixels wide
A 1,200-CSS-pixel viewport does not always produce a 1,200-pixel image. Playwright’s screenshot scale defaults to 'device', so a high-DPI device scale can increase the file’s pixel dimensions. Request CSS scaling for a stable one-to-one result:
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path: '1200-css-pixels.png',
scale: 'css'
});With scale: 'css', one image pixel corresponds to one CSS pixel. scale: 'device' can produce a sharper, wider bitmap on a Retina or other high-DPI configuration while leaving the CSS viewport unchanged.
Use clipping when you want a crop, not a new layout
clip controls the captured rectangle. It does not change the page’s viewport, responsive breakpoints, or element positions. The rectangle requires x, y, width, and height:
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await page.screenshot({
path: 'clipped.png',
clip: { x: 0, y: 0, width: 1200, height: 800 },
scale: 'css'
});Use clipping for a known region such as a dashboard panel or the top portion of a page. If the content itself must reflow to 1,200 pixels, set the viewport instead. A 900-pixel viewport followed by a 1,200-pixel clip cannot create the missing 300 pixels of layout; it only clips the rendered 900-pixel page area (or an area extending beyond it).
Clip an element’s bounding box
For a component whose position changes between pages, let Playwright calculate its rectangle:
const card = page.locator('[data-testid="pricing-card"]');
await card.screenshot({
path: 'pricing-card.png',
scale: 'css'
});Element screenshots are preferable to hard-coded coordinates when the target is a single component. Wait for the component to be visible and stable before capturing if its content is animated or loaded asynchronously.
Capture the full page at a chosen width
Combine the desired viewport width with fullPage: true:
import { chromium } from 'playwright';
const browser = await chromium.launch();
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.setViewportSize({ width: 1200, height: 800 });
await page.goto('https://example.com', { waitUntil: 'networkidle' });
await page.screenshot({
path: 'full-page.png',
fullPage: true,
scale: 'css'
});
await browser.close();fullPage captures the full scrollable page instead of only the current viewport. It changes vertical coverage; it does not set horizontal width. The page still lays out at the 1,200-pixel viewport configured before navigation.
Python binding
Python uses snake_case for the equivalent option names:
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from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright
with sync_playwright() as p:
browser = p.chromium.launch()
page = browser.new_page(viewport={"width": 1200, "height": 800})
page.goto("https://example.com", wait_until="networkidle")
page.screenshot(path="full-page.png", full_page=True, scale="css")
browser.close()To crop instead, pass clip={"x": 0, "y": 0, "width": 1200, "height": 800}. The underlying concepts are the same: viewport for layout, clip for cropping, full-page for height, and scale for pixel density.
Reliable width workflows
Wait for content that changes the page height
networkidle is useful for pages that finish loading through requests, but it is not a guarantee that every image, font, animation, or client-side widget has reached its final state. For deterministic captures, wait for a meaningful selector, use a deliberate delay only when necessary, and disable or finish animations in your test setup.
Load lazy content before a full-page capture
Lazy images may not exist until their sections approach the viewport. Scroll through the page or trigger the site’s lazy-load mechanism before taking a full-page screenshot, otherwise the output can contain blank image areas even though the width is correct.
Keep dimensions consistent in visual tests
Use the same viewport, browser engine, device scale, fonts, and color scheme for every baseline and comparison run. A changed device scale can make files appear wider even when the CSS viewport is identical. If your test compares raw pixels, prefer scale: 'css' and a fixed viewport.
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Troubleshooting screenshot width problems
“My image is wider than the viewport”
Check the screenshot’s scale and the device scale factor. The default scale: 'device' can multiply output pixels on high-DPI devices. Add scale: 'css' when the file must match CSS dimensions.
“The mobile layout appears at 1,200 pixels”
Confirm that setViewportSize runs before goto, and that no later code resets the context viewport. Also check whether the site uses a meta viewport tag or JavaScript that applies its own responsive behavior.
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“fullPage did not make the screenshot wider”
That is expected. fullPage extends the capture vertically. Set the horizontal width with the page or context viewport.
“The clip is blank or cuts off content”
Verify that x, y, width, and height describe the intended coordinate space and that the rectangle intersects the rendered page. For a moving target, use locator.screenshot() instead of fixed coordinates.
“A full-page image has missing sections”
Wait for the relevant content, scroll to activate lazy loading, and ensure the page has not failed a bot check or timed out. A screenshot API cannot recover content that the browser never successfully rendered.
“The page changes between runs”
Freeze time-dependent UI where possible, wait for fonts and images, use a fixed timezone and locale, and capture at the same viewport and scale. Dynamic ads, chat widgets, and consent dialogs are common sources of layout shifts.
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A wider viewport can increase layout work, image decoding, and full-page bitmap memory. Very tall pages can consume substantially more memory than viewport-only captures. Use element or clipped screenshots when a full document is unnecessary, and close pages or contexts after each job.
For repeatable test artifacts, keep browser versions and viewport settings pinned. For production capture services, account for navigation timeouts, blocked resources, authentication, cookie consent, and pages that require interaction. Record whether a capture was successful rather than treating every HTTP response as a valid screenshot.
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ScreenshotNeo provides a website screenshot API and MCP server. A GET request returns PNG, JPEG, WebP, or PDF, with options for viewport and device presets, full-page capture, CSS-selector elements, retina scale, custom CSS and JavaScript, waits, clicks, headers, cookies, blocking rules, resizing, caching, signed links, asynchronous jobs, bulk capture, and PDF controls. It accepts the parameter names used by other screenshot APIs, which can simplify migration.
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FAQ
Can I set only the screenshot width?
Viewport configuration always includes a height, so provide a practical height such as 800. Use clip when you need a rectangle with its own width and height.
Does Retina affect responsive breakpoints?
No. Device scale changes output pixel density, while the CSS viewport controls responsive layout. Use scale: 'css' for one output pixel per CSS pixel.
Which option is best for a single UI component?
Use locator.screenshot(); it follows the element’s actual bounding box instead of relying on page coordinates.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I set only the screenshot width?
Viewport configuration always includes a height, so provide a practical height such as 800. Use clip when you need a rectangle with its own width and height.
Does Retina affect responsive breakpoints?
No. Device scale changes output pixel density, while the CSS viewport controls responsive layout. Use scale: ‘css’ for one output pixel per CSS pixel.
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Use locator.screenshot(); it follows the element’s actual bounding box instead of relying on page coordinates.
The Bottom Line
Set the viewport before navigation to control Playwright’s rendered width. Add scale: 'css' for predictable output pixels, use clip for cropping, and use fullPage only for extra vertical coverage.
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