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To make a Potion of Slowness, brew a Potion of Swiftness and then modify it with a Fermented Spider Eye in a brewing stand. Keep blaze powder in the stand’s fuel slot. The ordinary drinkable result applies Slowness I; redstone, glowstone, gunpowder, and dragon’s breath can then change its duration, strength, or delivery method.
Recipe at a glance
| Stage | Ingredient or result | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| Fuel | Blaze powder | Provides brewing-stand fuel |
| Base | Water bottles | Holds the potion during brewing |
| First brew | Nether Wart | Converts water bottles into Awkward Potions |
| Second brew | Sugar | Converts Awkward Potions into Potions of Swiftness |
| Conversion | Fermented Spider Eye | Converts Swiftness into Slowness |
| Optional duration modifier | Redstone dust | Creates the extended form |
| Optional strength modifier | Glowstone dust | Creates the stronger form |
| Optional delivery modifier | Gunpowder | Creates a throwable splash potion |
| Optional area modifier | Dragon’s Breath | Converts a splash potion into a lingering potion |
The key conversion is not made directly from an Awkward Potion. The recipe path is water bottle, Awkward Potion, Swiftness, then Slowness. If you skip the Swiftness stage, the Fermented Spider Eye will not produce the required result.
What you need before you start
Brewing equipment and fuel
You need a brewing stand and blaze powder. Put the blaze powder in the stand’s fuel slot before adding ingredients. The brewing stand can hold up to three bottles at once, so one ingredient run can produce one, two, or three potions when multiple bottles are inserted.
Bottles and the base potion
Prepare one to three glass bottles and fill them with water. Nether Wart is the first brewing ingredient. It changes the water bottles into Awkward Potions, which are the base required for the Swiftness step.
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Making a Fermented Spider Eye
A Fermented Spider Eye is made from a spider eye, a brown mushroom, and sugar. Keep at least one ready for every Swiftness potion you intend to convert. The sugar used here is also the ingredient used in the Swiftness brewing step, so prepare enough for both purposes rather than consuming your entire supply while making the base potions.
Step-by-step: brew a standard Potion of Slowness
- Load the fuel. Open the brewing stand and place blaze powder in the fuel slot. Without fuel, the stand cannot process the recipe.
- Insert water bottles. Place one, two, or three filled water bottles in the bottle slots. Empty bottle slots do not receive a potion, so match the number of bottles to the number of finished potions you want.
- Make Awkward Potions. Add Nether Wart to the ingredient slot and allow the brewing operation to finish. Each water bottle becomes an Awkward Potion.
- Create Swiftness. Leave the Awkward Potions in the bottle slots, replace the ingredient with Sugar, and brew again. The result is a Potion of Swiftness in each occupied bottle slot.
- Convert Swiftness to Slowness. Replace the ingredient with a Fermented Spider Eye and brew once more. Each Potion of Swiftness becomes a Potion of Slowness.
- Collect the result. Remove the finished potions from the bottle slots. If you used several bottles, collect each one before starting another batch.
This order is the essential recipe: Nether Wart establishes the awkward base, Sugar creates Swiftness, and the Fermented Spider Eye reverses that potion into Slowness. The spider eye conversion is why the result is a slowness potion rather than another speed effect.
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How the brewing stand sequence works
The stand has three bottle positions and one ingredient position. The ingredient is applied to every occupied bottle slot during a brewing operation. That makes batching useful: if three water bottles are present, one Nether Wart run produces three Awkward Potions, and the following Sugar and Fermented Spider Eye runs can process those same three slots.
Keep an eye on the bottle icons after each stage. The correct intermediate state is important: water bottles should become Awkward Potions, then Potions of Swiftness. If the wrong item is in a slot, remove it before adding the next ingredient instead of trying to correct the recipe with a modifier.
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Choose a duration or strength modifier
| Variant | Effect level | Listed duration | How it is made |
|---|---|---|---|
| Standard drinkable | Slowness I | 1:30 | Stop after the Fermented Spider Eye step |
| Extended drinkable | Slowness I | 4:00 | Add Redstone dust to a Slowness potion |
| Enhanced drinkable | Slowness IV | 0:20 | Add Glowstone dust to a Slowness potion |
| Standard lingering | Slowness I | 0:22 | Make a splash potion, then brew it with Dragon’s Breath |
| Extended lingering | Slowness I | 1:00 | Apply the lingering conversion and use the extended potion path |
The duration and potency modifiers serve different purposes. Redstone extends the listed duration without increasing the effect level. Glowstone increases the effect level but produces a shorter listed duration. Because those modifiers change different properties, choose one according to whether you need a longer debuff or a more intense one.
Extended Slowness
After producing a Potion of Slowness, place it in the bottle slots and add Redstone dust. The resulting potion keeps Slowness I while extending its listed duration to 4:00. This is the practical choice when the target must remain slowed for a long interval and a lower intensity is acceptable.
Enhanced Slowness
Place a Potion of Slowness in the stand and add Glowstone dust. The result is Slowness IV with a listed duration of 0:20. Slowness decreases movement speed by 15% multiplied by the effect level, so Slowness IV represents a 60% movement-speed reduction under that formula. The trade-off is the much shorter duration shown in the variant table.
Make a throwable Splash Potion of Slowness
A normal Potion of Slowness is consumed by the player holding it. To affect another entity without drinking it, convert the finished potion into a splash potion.
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- Place the completed Potion of Slowness in one of the brewing stand’s bottle slots.
- Add Gunpowder to the ingredient slot.
- Wait for the brewing operation to finish and remove the Splash Potion of Slowness.
The gunpowder step changes the delivery method; it does not replace the Swiftness-to-Slowness conversion. If you want an extended or enhanced splash version, apply Redstone or Glowstone before adding Gunpowder, so the potion already has the duration or strength you selected when it becomes throwable.
Make a Lingering Potion of Slowness
A lingering potion leaves an area effect after it is thrown. It is made from a splash potion, not directly from a drinkable potion.
- First complete the Slowness recipe and use Gunpowder to create a Splash Potion of Slowness.
- Place that splash potion in the brewing stand.
- Add Dragon’s Breath to the ingredient slot.
- Collect the resulting Lingering Potion of Slowness.
The standard lingering form has a listed duration of 0:22, while the extended lingering form is listed as 1:00. The lingering conversion is therefore a separate final step after the splash conversion. Plan the order before brewing so you do not spend Dragon’s Breath on a potion that still needs a duration or strength modifier.
What Slowness does
According to the Minecraft Wiki effect reference accessed in 2026, Slowness decreases movement speed by 15% × level. Slowness I therefore applies one 15% reduction, while the enhanced Slowness IV variant applies four levels under that formula. The effect changes movement speed; it does not turn the potion into a damage effect.
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The official Minecraft article published by Mojang/Minecraft in 2017 describes redstone dust, glowstone dust, gunpowder, dragon’s breath, and Fermented Spider Eyes as tertiary ingredients that modify a potion. That distinction explains why the recipe has a base-brewing phase followed by optional modification phases.
Which version should you brew?
Use the standard drinkable potion when
- You need the basic Slowness effect for yourself.
- You do not need a throwable or area-delivered potion.
- You want to preserve Redstone, Glowstone, Gunpowder, or Dragon’s Breath for another batch.
Use the extended form when
- Maintaining the debuff for a longer period matters more than increasing its level.
- The target can remain under the effect without needing a splash or lingering delivery method.
Use the enhanced form when
- A stronger movement-speed reduction is more valuable than a long duration.
- You can reapply the potion after its short listed duration.
Use splash or lingering delivery when
- You need to affect another entity instead of drinking the potion yourself.
- You want to apply the effect at a distance with a thrown bottle.
- You need an area that can continue applying the effect after the initial throw, in which case the lingering conversion is the appropriate final step.
Troubleshooting a failed brew
The stand will not start
Check the fuel slot first. Blaze powder must be present for the stand to process ingredients. Also verify that at least one bottle occupies a bottle slot and that the ingredient slot contains the item for the current stage.
You made an Awkward Potion but cannot get Slowness
An Awkward Potion is only the intermediate base. Add Sugar to create Swiftness, then remove or replace the ingredient and add a Fermented Spider Eye. The spider eye conversion is performed on Swiftness, not directly on the Awkward Potion.
The result is still Swiftness
The Fermented Spider Eye was not applied to the occupied bottle slots, or the brewing operation did not complete. Confirm that the bottles contain Potions of Swiftness before starting the conversion and wait for the brewing cycle to finish.
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Only some bottles changed
The stand processes occupied bottle slots. Fill every slot you intend to use before adding an ingredient; an empty slot remains empty and will not receive a potion.
The potion is throwable when you wanted to drink it
Gunpowder creates the splash form. If you need a drinkable potion, stop before the Gunpowder step and collect the ordinary Slowness potion.
The lingering recipe does not work
Dragon’s Breath must be applied to a Splash Potion of Slowness. Convert the drinkable potion with Gunpowder first, then use Dragon’s Breath as the final conversion ingredient.
The duration is shorter than expected
Glowstone creates the stronger Slowness IV form and its listed duration is 0:20. Redstone is the modifier for the 4:00 extended Slowness I form. Check which dust you used before assuming the brew failed.
Edition and version considerations
The recipe documentation used for this guide is Java-oriented and does not establish a complete current Java-versus-Bedrock comparison. The ingredient order described here is the documented recipe path, but interface labels, timing displays, and version-specific behavior can change. If you are playing Bedrock Edition or a heavily modified version, verify the brewing-stand labels and the displayed result in that edition before producing a large batch.
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Efficient batching checklist
- Put blaze powder in the fuel slot before beginning.
- Prepare one to three filled water bottles for each batch.
- Keep Nether Wart, Sugar, and Fermented Spider Eyes together so the three required stages can be completed without interrupting the sequence.
- Decide on duration, strength, splash, or lingering delivery before adding a modifier.
- Use Redstone for longer Slowness I, Glowstone for shorter Slowness IV, Gunpowder for throwable delivery, and Dragon’s Breath only after the splash conversion when you want lingering delivery.
- Check every bottle slot after each brew so an empty or incorrectly staged bottle does not consume an ingredient run.
Following that order produces the standard Potion of Slowness reliably and gives you a controlled path to the extended, enhanced, splash, and lingering variants.
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