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For a production ASP.NET Core web app, use UseHttpsRedirection to redirect HTTP requests to HTTPS and UseHsts to instruct browsers to use HTTPS on future visits. If the app is behind a TLS-terminating proxy, process trusted forwarded headers before redirection. For sensitive APIs, do not rely on redirects to protect request data: disable or reject HTTP instead.

Choose where HTTPS enforcement belongs

“Enforce SSL” usually means ensuring clients use HTTPS. TLS is the protocol protecting those connections; in ASP.NET Core, the right configuration depends on whether the app or an edge proxy terminates TLS, and whether the application serves browsers or API clients.

Deployment or client Recommended approach Important qualification
Browser-facing app, public server Configure HTTPS at the server, use UseHttpsRedirection for HTTP requests, and use UseHsts in production. The app needs an HTTPS destination port for its redirect middleware. Microsoft recommends temporary redirects in the usual case. Microsoft Learn: Enforce HTTPS in ASP.NET Core.
App behind a TLS-terminating proxy Choose whether the proxy or app owns redirects and HSTS. If the app redirects, configure trusted forwarded headers and run their middleware first. The app may receive HTTP from the proxy even when the client connected using HTTPS. Microsoft Learn: Configure ASP.NET Core to work with proxy servers and load balancers.
Sensitive API Do not accept HTTP, or reject HTTP requests rather than depending on redirects. API clients may not follow redirects, and redirecting cannot protect sensitive data already sent in the first HTTP request.

Configure HTTPS redirection and HSTS

In a modern minimal-hosting app, place HSTS in the non-Development branch and add HTTPS redirection to the middleware pipeline. Register routing, authorization, and endpoint mapping as appropriate for the application.

var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
var app = builder.Build();

if (!app.Environment.IsDevelopment())
{
    app.UseExceptionHandler("/Error");
    app.UseHsts();
}

app.UseHttpsRedirection();
// Add routing, authorization, and endpoint mapping for the application.
app.Run();

UseHttpsRedirection redirects an HTTP request when the middleware can determine the HTTPS destination port. Microsoft documents 307 Temporary Redirect as the default status code and recommends temporary redirects as the usual approach. A redirect is not a substitute for configuring an HTTPS listener.

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UseHsts sends an HSTS header. Browsers that honor it use HTTPS for future requests to the host; it is not a way to make every API client use HTTPS. Microsoft recommends HSTS for production web apps and shows it outside Development. If the reverse proxy already adds HSTS, avoid duplicating the policy in the app unless your deployment requires it.

Provide the HTTPS destination port

If the app cannot infer the port, set HttpsRedirectionOptions.HttpsPort, configure the https_port host setting, or ensure the server exposes a suitable HTTPS endpoint. The ASPNETCORE_HTTPS_PORT environment variable supplies the redirect middleware’s destination port; it is distinct from ASPNETCORE_HTTPS_PORTS, which configures server endpoints.

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Microsoft lists ports 443 and 80 as typical production HTTPS and HTTP ports, and 5001 and 5000 as typical development ports. These are examples, not required values; use the ports your deployment actually exposes.

Configure forwarded headers behind a TLS proxy

A TLS-terminating proxy decrypts the client connection and typically forwards the request to the app over HTTP. Without the original scheme, ASP.NET Core may mistake an externally HTTPS request for HTTP and issue another redirect, creating a loop. An incorrect scheme can also interfere with OAuth or OpenID Connect redirect URL generation.

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  1. Decide which layer owns redirects and HSTS. The proxy may handle both. If it does, application middleware may be unnecessary for those responsibilities.
  2. Configure forwarded headers for the actual proxy. Forward the original scheme, commonly through X-Forwarded-Proto, and set trust boundaries such as known proxies or networks to match your infrastructure.
  3. Process the headers before redirect middleware. Call app.UseForwardedHeaders() before UseHsts and UseHttpsRedirection, after configuring the forwarded-header options.
  4. Verify the external request path. Confirm the proxy sends the original scheme and that the app recognizes it as trusted before testing redirects.

Do not copy cloud-oriented defaults without checking their trust implications. Microsoft warns that enabling ASPNETCORE_FORWARDEDHEADERS_ENABLED uses cloud-oriented settings and does not enable KnownProxies restrictions. See Microsoft’s proxy and load balancer guidance for configuration details.

Handle APIs and CORS preflight requests safely

An HTTP redirect tells a client where to retry; it does not ensure the client will retry, nor undo exposure of data sent in the original request. Microsoft notes: “No API can prevent a client from sending sensitive data on the first request.” For sensitive APIs, configure the edge or server to accept HTTPS only, or reject requests received over HTTP.

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Redirects can also fail for CORS preflight requests. If an API reports ERR_INVALID_REDIRECT on a CORS preflight request, consider removing HTTP access or rejecting HTTP at the appropriate layer rather than expecting preflight traffic to follow a redirect.

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Troubleshoot common HTTPS enforcement failures

“Failed to determine the https port for redirect”

Set the HTTPS port explicitly with HttpsRedirectionOptions.HttpsPort or the https_port host setting, or configure an HTTPS server address the middleware can use. Do not depend on IServerAddressesFeature for port discovery behind a reverse proxy.

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HTTP-to-HTTPS redirect loop

  • Identify which component terminates TLS: the app server, a load balancer, or another proxy.
  • Check whether the proxy forwards the original scheme, usually with X-Forwarded-Proto.
  • Confirm forwarded-header middleware runs before HTTPS redirection.
  • Check that the proxy is trusted by the forwarded-header configuration. If the proxy owns redirects, remove conflicting application redirection.

Redirect does not protect an API request

Do not assume the client will follow the redirect or that its initial HTTP body was protected. Configure HTTPS-only access or reject HTTP requests at the edge or server.

Match documentation to your ASP.NET Core version

Microsoft’s cited HTTPS enforcement page is its ASP.NET Core 9.0 documentation view, while the proxy and load-balancer page is the ASP.NET Core 10.0 view. Configuration details can differ across versions; consult the documentation version matching the application you deploy.

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