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There is no defensible single “best” choice among TCS, Infosys, Wipro and Tech Mahindra without matching the fiscal period, currency, accounting definition and market price date. A sound comparison combines growth, operating profitability, cash conversion, balance-sheet liquidity, dividend policy, demand indicators, business mix, valuation and downside risks. The figures below are company-reported disclosures and are not an investment recommendation.
Start with a like-for-like comparison
The companies do not present every measure for the same period or in the same currency. TCS and Wipro figures cited here are for FY2025-26, Infosys figures are for FY2024-25, and Tech Mahindra figures are for FY2025. Before drawing a conclusion, put all four companies into one workbook using the latest common fiscal year, then add the most recent quarter in a separate, clearly labelled section.
| Company | Fiscal period in the cited disclosure | Reported revenue |
|---|---|---|
| TCS | FY2025-26 | $30 billion |
| Infosys | FY2024-25 | ₹1,62,990 crore |
| Wipro | FY2025-26 | $10.5 billion IT-services revenue |
| Tech Mahindra | FY2025 | ₹52,988.3 crore |
Do not convert these numbers into a ranking by simply applying an exchange rate. A currency conversion helps with scale, but it does not correct for different fiscal years, reporting scopes or definitions such as total revenue versus IT-services revenue.
Compare growth and demand before looking at the share price
Use a three- to five-year growth series
Build a three- to five-year history of reported revenue and constant-currency revenue for each company. Keep organic growth separate from growth created by acquisitions, and label whether a number is quarterly, annual or a management forecast. Constant-currency growth is useful for judging underlying demand, but it is not the same as growth translated into the reporting currency.
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For every year, record the period, currency, reported growth, constant-currency growth and the effect of acquisitions or disposals. A single strong quarter can reflect project timing; a multi-year series is more informative about the durability of demand.
Read large-deal TCV with its definition attached
Deal total contract value (TCV) indicates signed demand, not revenue already recognised or profit that will definitely be earned. Compare TCV with the company’s own historical TCV, book-to-bill ratio and backlog-conversion pattern.
- TCS reported a $40.7 billion order-book TCV in FY2025-26.
- Infosys reported $11.6 billion of large-deal TCV in FY2025.
- Tech Mahindra reported $2.7 billion of new-deal TCV in FY2025.
These figures use different labels and periods, so they should not be treated as a league table. Check whether a company includes renewals, extensions, pass-through spending or multi-year services in its TCV definition. The next step is to test how quickly signed work becomes revenue and whether margins on new work differ from the existing portfolio.
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Pair TCV with revenue growth, utilisation, subcontracting, attrition and guidance from the same period. A large contract can carry a long ramp-up, require upfront hiring or have lower initial margins. Conversely, a company with modest TCV can still grow if its existing backlog converts efficiently.
Use comparable profitability measures
Know which margin you are comparing
Operating margin, EBIT margin and EBITDA margin are different measures. EBIT includes depreciation; EBITDA excludes it. “Operating margin” can also reflect a company-specific definition. Never place one company’s EBIT margin beside another company’s EBITDA margin and call the result a peer ranking.
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| Company | Reported profitability measure | Reported result | Period |
|---|---|---|---|
| TCS | Operating margin | 25% | FY2025-26 |
| Infosys | Operating margin | 21.1% | FY2024-25 |
| Wipro | IT-services operating margin | 17.2% | FY2025-26 |
| Tech Mahindra | EBIT margin | 9.7% | FY2025 |
On a separate KPI table, Tech Mahindra reported FY2025 EBITDA of ₹69,911 million, or 13.2% of revenue, and net profit of ₹42,515 million, or 8.0%. Those percentages cannot be substituted for its 9.7% EBIT margin. The gap between EBITDA and EBIT reflects depreciation and illustrates why definitions matter.
Explain a margin difference instead of assuming it is structural
Investigate delivery geography, service mix, industry exposure, pricing, utilisation, subcontracting, employee costs, currency movements and exceptional items. A company with more consulting, software, cloud or high-value engineering work may show a different margin profile from one with more infrastructure or telecom services. A temporary pricing reset or wage cycle can also move margins without changing the long-term business model.
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Test earnings quality with cash flow and liquidity
Start with free-cash-flow conversion
Net income is an accounting result; free cash flow (FCF) shows how much cash remains after capital expenditure. Compare FCF after capex with net income or profit after tax (PAT), then examine working-capital movements. A high conversion rate can be helped by collecting receivables or reducing working capital, so inspect whether the result is recurring.
- Infosys reported FY2025 free cash flow of ₹34,549 crore.
- Wipro reported operating cash flow equal to 112.6% of net income for the three-year block ending FY2026.
- Tech Mahindra reported FY2025 free-cash-flow-to-PAT of 122.0%.
Wipro’s 112.6% figure covers a three-year block, while the Infosys and Tech Mahindra figures are annual. Keep those windows separate. Do not call one company’s annual conversion better than another’s multi-year conversion without recalculating both on the same basis.
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Check the balance sheet
Liquidity reduces the chance that a cyclical slowdown forces a company to cut investment or raise expensive debt. Infosys reported ₹47,549 crore in cash and investments for FY2025. Tech Mahindra reported ₹7,656 crore of cash for FY2025. For every company, add total debt, lease liabilities, restricted cash and near-term obligations from the same balance-sheet date before calculating net cash.
Then reconcile cash flow with changes in receivables, unbilled revenue, payables, provisions and capital expenditure. Strong FCF accompanied by sharply rising receivables deserves more investigation than FCF supported by stable collections.
Compare dividends as a policy, not just a per-share number
| Company | Reported dividend per share | Period | Policy detail disclosed |
|---|---|---|---|
| TCS | Company describes interim, final and occasional special dividends | FY2025-26 disclosure | Returns cash through interim, final and occasional special dividends |
| Infosys | ₹43 | FY2024-25 | Per-share amount reported for the fiscal year |
| Wipro | ₹11 | FY2025-26 | Per-share amount reported for the fiscal year |
| Tech Mahindra | ₹45 total | FY2025 | Total dividend per share reported for the fiscal year |
A per-share amount is not a yield. Calculate dividend yield using the share price on the same date for all four companies, and distinguish regular dividends from special distributions and buybacks. Review payout ratios against free cash flow, because a high payout funded by a temporary cash release is less durable than one supported by recurring FCF.
TCS’s description of interim, final and occasional special dividends means the timing and recurrence of distributions matter. Do not model an occasional special dividend as an annual entitlement.
Understand business, client and geography mix
Map revenue by geography and industry
Infosys identifies North America, Europe, the rest of the world and India as revenue geographies, alongside multiple industry verticals. Use the equivalent geographic and industry disclosures for the other companies to build a mix table. The purpose is not to reward diversification automatically; it is to identify which economic cycles and currencies drive results.
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- High North American exposure can increase sensitivity to discretionary technology budgets and the US dollar.
- European exposure can add different macroeconomic, regulatory and currency risks.
- India or other domestic exposure may follow local demand conditions rather than the same cycle as overseas clients.
- Telecom, communications and other concentrated verticals can make a company more sensitive to sector-specific capital spending.
Check concentration and contract structure
Read the largest-client share, top-ten-client share, renewal rates and contract duration. Concentration can amplify the effect of one lost account, pricing renegotiation or delayed project. Also compare subcontracting and employee mix: outsourcing more work can preserve flexibility but may pressure gross margins and reduce control over delivery.
Interpret currency exposure correctly
Companies with substantial overseas revenue and Indian-cost bases can benefit or suffer when exchange rates move. Compare reported-currency growth with constant-currency growth, and inspect hedging disclosures. A currency tailwind can lift reported revenue and margins without indicating stronger client demand.
Refresh valuation immediately before buying
Valuation was not included in the cited company figures, and it changes every trading day. Pull current price and market capitalisation on one date for all four companies, then calculate:
- Forward and trailing P/E: use the same earnings definition and clearly label whether estimates or historical earnings are used.
- EV/EBIT: subtract cash and add debt consistently; do not mix EBIT with EBITDA.
- Free-cash-flow yield: divide recurring FCF by market capitalisation, using the same fiscal period.
- Dividend yield: divide regular annual dividends by the price on the measurement date; show special dividends separately.
Compare each multiple with the company’s own history and with peers only after normalising growth, margin, cash conversion and balance-sheet strength. A lower multiple may reflect weaker demand, greater concentration, lower margins or execution risk rather than a bargain. A premium multiple requires enough durable growth and cash generation to justify it.
Use the latest quarterly guidance and results when updating the model. A full-year multiple can become stale after a material change in guidance, currency or deal conversion.
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Build a risk checklist for each company
Read the risk factors and management commentary for all four companies, then record whether each risk is rising, stable or falling. At minimum, examine:
- Discretionary technology-spending cuts and delayed client decisions.
- Wage inflation, attrition, utilisation and the cost of reskilling.
- Currency movements and the effectiveness of hedges.
- Client and industry concentration.
- Data breaches, cybersecurity incidents and service interruptions.
- Acquisition integration, purchase-price accounting and goodwill.
- Regulation affecting cross-border delivery, privacy, employment or artificial intelligence.
- Telecom or other sector-specific capital-expenditure cycles where relevant.
Do not treat a risk list as a prediction. Translate each item into a measurable trigger, such as a margin decline, rising receivables, lower TCV conversion or a change in net cash.
A repeatable comparison workflow
- Choose the observation date. Use the latest common fiscal year for the base comparison and a separate column for the latest quarter.
- Normalize units. Keep each company’s reported currency in the source table; add a converted view only after documenting the exchange rate and date.
- Label definitions. Mark operating margin, EBIT, EBITDA, PAT, net income, operating cash flow and FCF explicitly.
- Enter growth and demand. Add three- to five-year reported and constant-currency growth, TCV, book-to-bill and backlog conversion where disclosed.
- Check profit quality. Reconcile operating profit to net income, identify exceptional items and compare FCF after capex with net income or PAT.
- Review liquidity and returns. Calculate net cash, recurring dividend payout, dividend yield and buyback history using the same date.
- Map exposure. Record geographic, industry and client concentration, currency sensitivity and subcontracting.
- Refresh valuation. Calculate P/E, EV/EBIT and FCF yield from current prices and consistently defined earnings.
- Run downside cases. Model slower revenue growth, a margin decline, weaker currency and delayed deal conversion; note the effect on earnings, cash and dividends.
- Write an evidence-based conclusion. State which profile fits the investor’s objective—growth, cash income, balance-sheet resilience or turnaround potential—rather than naming a universal winner.
What the disclosed snapshots show
TCS: highest reported operating margin in this set
TCS reported $30 billion of revenue, $7.5 billion of operating income, a 25% operating margin, $5.9 billion of net income and $40.7 billion of order-book TCV in FY2025-26. It also describes returning cash through interim, final and occasional special dividends. The combination indicates substantial scale, profitability and signed demand in the cited period, but an investor still needs the company’s current valuation, cash-flow detail, growth trend and deal-conversion evidence before deciding whether that quality is adequately priced.
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Infosys: detailed cash and geographic disclosure
Infosys reported ₹1,62,990 crore of revenue, a 21.1% operating margin, ₹34,549 crore of free cash flow, ₹47,549 crore of cash and investments, a ₹43 dividend per share and 4.2% constant-currency revenue growth in FY2024-25. Its $11.6 billion large-deal TCV provides a demand indicator for that year. Because these figures are in rupees except for TCV and cover FY2024-25, align them with the other companies’ periods before comparing levels.
Wipro: operating margin and multi-year cash conversion
Wipro reported $10.5 billion of IT-services revenue and a 17.2% IT-services operating margin in FY2025-26. It also reported ₹132.0 billion of net income, operating cash flow equal to 112.6% of net income for the three-year block ending FY2026, and an ₹11 dividend per share. The cash-conversion statistic is multi-year, so it should be analysed as a block rather than as a single-year result.
Tech Mahindra: lower margin with a separate KPI breakdown
Tech Mahindra reported ₹52,988.3 crore of revenue, a 9.7% EBIT margin, ₹4,252 crore of PAT, $2.7 billion of new-deal TCV, ₹7,656 crore of cash and ₹45 total dividend per share in FY2025. Its annual-report KPI table gives the same revenue as ₹529,883 million, plus ₹69,911 million of EBITDA at 13.2%, ₹42,515 million of net profit at 8.0% and FCF-to-PAT of 122.0%. The different EBIT, EBITDA and net-profit percentages must remain labelled when you model the company. CEO and managing director Mohit Joshi said in the 24 April 2025 Q4 FY25 results release, “This year, we laid a strong foundation for our transformation journey.” Treat that statement as management commentary, then test it against subsequent margins, growth and cash generation.
How to reach an investment decision without a forced ranking
Choose the company whose measurable profile matches your objective. An income-oriented investor may prioritise recurring dividends, FCF coverage and net cash. A growth-oriented investor may focus on constant-currency growth, sustainable TCV conversion and the valuation paid for that growth. A quality-focused investor may emphasise margin stability, client diversification and cash generation. A turnaround investor may accept lower current margins only when the improvement path is visible in reported results and guidance.
The central discipline is consistency: identical periods, transparent currency treatment, matching margin definitions, comparable cash-flow windows and valuation calculated on one market date. Margins describe delivery economics; growth and TCV describe demand; cash conversion and liquidity test earnings quality; business mix explains risk. None of those measures, alone or together, creates a guaranteed “best” stock, so update the model with the latest price, quarterly guidance and company disclosures before investing.
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