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Set headers on the Puppeteer Page before navigating, then take the screenshot after the page loads. This lets the headers accompany the initial document request as well as other requests initiated by that page.

Capture a page with custom headers

Install Puppeteer in your project, then use this ES module example. Replace the header name, value, and target URL with the ones your site requires.

import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';

const browser = await puppeteer.launch();
try {
  const page = await browser.newPage();
  await page.setExtraHTTPHeaders({
    'x-custom-header': 'header-value',
  });
  await page.goto('https://example.com', { waitUntil: 'networkidle2' });
  await page.screenshot({ path: 'screenshot.png', fullPage: true });
} finally {
  await browser.close();
}
  1. Launch the browser and create a page.
  2. Call page.setExtraHTTPHeaders() before page.goto(). This ordering matters when the initial navigation request needs the header.
  3. Navigate to the target and wait for the selected load condition.
  4. Capture the page with page.screenshot().
  5. Close the browser in a finally block so it is closed even if navigation or capture fails.

Puppeteer documents Page.setExtraHTTPHeaders(headers) as applying to every request initiated by that page, not only the main document. Header names are lowercased, values must be strings, and the outgoing header order is not guaranteed. See the Puppeteer 25.12.0 API reference.

Choose what the screenshot returns

The example writes a full-page PNG to screenshot.png. Screenshot options let you adjust the output to suit your use case:

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  • fullPage: true captures the full page; it defaults to false, which captures the viewport.
  • clip captures a specified region instead of the whole viewport or page.
  • path saves the image to a file. Without a path, page.screenshot() returns image bytes by default; an encoding option can request a base64 string.
  • type chooses an output image format; PNG is the default.

For a particular element, locate it and use its ElementHandle.screenshot() method. Puppeteer scrolls the element into view when necessary. Consult the ScreenshotOptions reference, Page.screenshot() reference, and ElementHandle.screenshot() reference for the documented controls.

Set a navigation-specific referer

If you need to set a referer or referrerPolicy specifically for one navigation, use the corresponding page.goto() option rather than relying on the page-wide extra headers. Puppeteer’s documented navigation options take precedence over the matching values configured with setExtraHTTPHeaders(). See the GoToOptions reference.

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Troubleshoot common problems

  • The initial request lacks the header: configure headers before calling goto(), rather than afterward.
  • A header value is rejected: pass a string value for each header.
  • Header capitalization or order differs: Puppeteer lowercases names and does not guarantee outgoing order; do not make behavior depend on either.
  • Your configured referer is overridden: check whether the goto() call sets referer or referrerPolicy, which takes precedence for those navigation settings.
  • The capture misses content: choose an appropriate navigation wait condition, then verify that the content is present before capturing. The example uses networkidle2; pages that keep network requests active may need a different strategy, such as waiting for a specific selector.
  • The image is only the visible viewport: set fullPage: true or provide a clip rectangle for a specific region.
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Or skip the browser setup

ScreenshotNeo offers a screenshot API with a single GET request. For example, using the same target URL and a custom header:

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curl -G "https://api.screenshotneo.com/v1/shot" -d access_key=YOUR_API_KEY --data-urlencode url=https://example.com -d "headers={"x-custom-header":"header-value"}" -o shot.webp

See the ScreenshotNeo documentation for supported parameters and request formats. ScreenshotNeo removes cookie and consent banners, newsletter popups, and chat widgets before capture; bot checks, blank pages, and failed loads are not billed. Its MCP server provides screenshot tools for AI agents. The free plan includes 1,000 screenshots per month with no card; paid plans start at $5 for 3,000.

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