Use Playwright’s page.setViewportSize({ width, height }) before navigating to the page, then call page.screenshot(). Width and height are in CSS pixels. For a viewport shared across pages, configure it on a browser context instead.
Capture a page at a custom viewport
This Playwright Library example opens Chromium, sets a 1280 × 720 CSS-pixel viewport, navigates to the site, and saves the visible viewport as a PNG:
const { chromium } = require('playwright');
(async () => {
const browser = await chromium.launch();
try {
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.setViewportSize({ width: 1280, height: 720 });
await page.goto('https://example.com');
await page.screenshot({ path: 'screenshot.png' });
} finally {
await browser.close();
}
})();Install Playwright and its browser before running the script. For example, in a project using the Playwright Library, install the package with npm install playwright and install Chromium with npx playwright install chromium. The viewport method is setViewportSize; it takes an object containing numeric width and height values.
Set the viewport before navigation
Set the viewport before page.goto() when you want the site to load and apply its responsive layout at that size. Playwright’s API documentation notes that changing the viewport can also reset the page’s screen size. If you need to coordinate viewport and screen settings, configure them when creating the browser context instead. See the Playwright Page API.
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Choose where to configure the viewport
Use the configuration scope that matches how broadly the size should apply:
| Scope | Configuration | When to use it |
|---|---|---|
| One page | await page.setViewportSize({ width: 1280, height: 720 }) |
Only this page needs the custom size. |
| Pages in one context | browser.newContext({ viewport: { width: 1280, height: 720 } }) |
Several pages should share the same viewport, or viewport and screen/device settings need to be configured together. |
| Playwright Test | test.use({ viewport: { width: 1280, height: 720 } }) or project use configuration |
Tests in a test or project configuration should use the same viewport. |
Set a context-wide viewport
const context = await browser.newContext({
viewport: { width: 1280, height: 720 },
});
const page = await context.newPage();
await page.goto('https://example.com');
await page.screenshot({ path: 'context-shot.png' });Use a context when the same viewport belongs to a group of pages. Context configuration is also the more suitable place to set viewport alongside screen and device-emulation options. See Playwright’s emulation guide.
Set the viewport in Playwright Test
import { test } from '@playwright/test';
test.use({ viewport: { width: 1280, height: 720 } });
test('capture at a custom viewport', async ({ page }) => {
await page.goto('https://example.com');
await page.screenshot({ path: 'screenshot.png' });
});For a project-wide setting, put the same viewport object in that project’s use configuration in the Playwright Test config. A test-level setting is useful when only selected tests need the size.
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Combine a device preset with a custom viewport
When using a device descriptor, spread it first and set your custom viewport afterward so the explicit dimensions override the descriptor’s viewport. Add deviceScaleFactor if the intended device pixel ratio matters. A custom viewport alone changes the layout dimensions; it does not necessarily reproduce every characteristic of a physical device. See the emulation documentation.
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const { devices, chromium } = require('playwright');
const browser = await chromium.launch();
const context = await browser.newContext({
...devices['iPhone 13'],
viewport: { width: 390, height: 844 },
deviceScaleFactor: 2,
});
const page = await context.newPage();Choose what part of the page to capture
Viewport configuration controls the browser’s visible layout area. Screenshot options control the captured area:
page.screenshot()with no extent option captures the currently visible viewport.fullPage: truecaptures the full scrollable page.clip: { x, y, width, height }captures a specific rectangle.
// Capture the visible viewport
await page.screenshot({ path: 'viewport.png' });
// Capture the full scrollable page
await page.screenshot({ path: 'full-page.png', fullPage: true });
// Capture a rectangle, in page CSS pixels
await page.screenshot({
path: 'region.png',
clip: { x: 0, y: 0, width: 640, height: 360 },
});Full-page capture is not the same as making the viewport taller: it captures beyond the visible viewport. Use a custom viewport to control responsive layout; use fullPage when the goal is the entire scrollable document. For option details, see the Playwright screenshot API.
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Choose screenshot format and pixel scale
The screenshot API supports PNG, JPEG and WebP output. Set the file extension or specify the desired type; JPEG and WebP support a quality option. Transparent backgrounds are supported for formats that support transparency, such as PNG.
await page.screenshot({ path: 'shot.webp', type: 'webp', quality: 85 });Scale determines the relationship between CSS pixels and output pixels:
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await page.screenshot({ path: 'css-pixels.png', scale: 'css' });
await page.screenshot({ path: 'device-pixels.png', scale: 'device' });Choose CSS scale for output dimensions that track the CSS layout. Choose device scale when you need the higher-DPI rendering. The screenshot API reference lists the supported options.
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Make visual comparisons more reliable
A fixed viewport does not guarantee identical pixels on different machines. Browser version, operating system, browser settings, hardware conditions and headless mode can all affect rendering. For visual regression comparisons, keep those conditions consistent as well as the viewport. Playwright explains this in its visual comparison guidance.
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The screenshot has the wrong dimensions
- Confirm that both viewport values are numbers in CSS pixels and that the call happens before navigation.
- Check whether a later viewport setting or device descriptor overwrites the dimensions. When combining a device preset with custom dimensions, put the custom
viewportafter the spread descriptor. - Distinguish viewport size from output pixel size:
scale: 'device'can produce more image pixels than CSS pixels.
The screenshot shows only the top of a long page
A normal screenshot captures the visible viewport. Add fullPage: true to capture the scrollable document, or use clip for a particular rectangle.
The site uses its desktop layout despite a narrow viewport
Set the viewport before navigating so the page initializes at the intended dimensions. A viewport is not a complete phone simulation; if the page depends on device characteristics, configure an appropriate device descriptor and, where needed, its device scale factor.
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Screenshots differ between runs or machines
Use the same browser version, operating system, headless mode, settings and hardware conditions for comparisons. A matching viewport alone cannot eliminate rendering differences.
The browser does not launch
Install the browser binary for the Playwright package in use. For a Chromium-only setup, the example command is npx playwright install chromium. If the project uses Playwright Test, make sure the package and browser installation match that project’s setup.
Or skip the browser setup
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Can I save a Playwright screenshot as a buffer instead of a file?
Yes. Call page.screenshot() without a path; it returns a buffer you can pass to image-processing code.
Does setViewportSize() use device pixels?
No. Its width and height describe the viewport in CSS pixels. Screenshot output pixel dimensions are affected separately by the screenshot scale and device scale factor.
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