No. Japan’s Fugaku is not the world’s fastest supercomputer in the latest TOP500 edition. The June 2026 list places it ninth overall by the High Performance Linpack (HPL) benchmark, with a measured Rmax of 442.01 petaflops. Its ranking changes when a different benchmark is used: Fugaku is third on HPCG, a test designed to reflect important memory and communication workloads.
Fugaku’s current TOP500 position
The June 2026 TOP500 highlights identify Fugaku as the No. 9 system, installed at the RIKEN Center for Computational Science (R-CCS) in Kobe, Japan. The accompanying TOP500 list data reports 7,630,848 cores, an HPL Rmax of 442.01 petaflops and an Rpeak of 537.21 petaflops.
Rmax is the performance Fugaku achieved on the published benchmark. Rpeak is the system’s theoretical peak for that listing, not a second measured benchmark result.
| System | June 2026 HPL Rmax | TOP500 position |
|---|---|---|
| LineShine | 2,198.40 petaflops | 1 |
| El Capitan | 1,809.00 petaflops | 2 |
| Frontier | 1,353.00 petaflops | 3 |
| Aurora | not stated in the cited highlights | 4 |
| JUPITER Booster | not stated in the cited highlights | 5 |
| Fugaku | 442.01 petaflops | 9 |
The HPL figures and positions in this table are from the June 2026 TOP500 edition; they should not be treated as permanent performance ratings.
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Is Fugaku still the world’s fastest supercomputer?
It depends on what “fastest” means, but the unqualified claim is no longer accurate. TOP500’s headline ranking uses HPL, where Fugaku is ninth. On the June 2026 HPCG results, Fugaku ranks third with 16.00 petaflops. The same TOP500 highlights report LineShine as the leader on both HPL and HPCG.
HPL measures the solution of a dense system of linear equations and is useful for comparing traditional floating-point capability. HPCG emphasizes memory access and communication patterns that can expose different strengths. Because the tests measure different behavior, their rankings cannot be merged into one universal speed score.
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What Fugaku’s hardware includes
RIKEN’s official Fugaku specifications describe a 158,976-node system built around CPUs using the Arm instruction set.
- Each node has 48 compute cores and two assistant cores.
- Nodes use high-bandwidth HBM2 memory.
- The system connects nodes with Tofu Interconnect D.
These architectural details help explain why Fugaku can perform strongly on workloads affected by memory bandwidth and inter-node communication, even though its HPL position is below newer exascale-class systems.
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Measured results versus theoretical peaks
RIKEN lists Fugaku’s boost-mode theoretical peaks at several numerical precisions:
| Mode | Theoretical peak | What it represents |
|---|---|---|
| Double precision | 537 petaflops | Peak floating-point capability at 64-bit precision |
| Single precision | 1.07 exaflops | Peak floating-point capability at 32-bit precision |
| Half precision | 2.15 exaflops | Peak floating-point capability at 16-bit precision |
| Integer | 4.30 exa-operations per second | Theoretical integer-operation rate |
Those are specifications for different operating precisions, not interchangeable TOP500 scores. The June 2026 TOP500 entry’s 442.01-petaflop Rmax is the relevant measured HPL result; its 537.21-petaflop Rpeak is a separate peak-performance figure.
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Why Fugaku remains important despite ranking ninth
Fugaku’s current position does not erase its engineering significance. It remains one of the largest Arm-based supercomputers, with nearly 159,000 nodes and a network and memory design intended to support large-scale scientific applications. Its third-place HPCG result also shows why a single HPL rank cannot describe every practical workload.
For a fair comparison, always identify three things:
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- The list date: TOP500 rankings change with each edition.
- The benchmark: HPL and HPCG test different aspects of a system.
- The metric: Rmax is measured benchmark performance, while Rpeak and RIKEN’s precision-specific figures are theoretical peaks.
The accurate takeaway
As of the June 2026 TOP500 list, Fugaku is Japan’s ninth-ranked system worldwide by HPL, not the fastest supercomputer overall. It records 442.01 petaflops Rmax, 537.21 petaflops Rpeak and 16.00 petaflops on HPCG, where it ranks third. Calling Fugaku “the world’s fastest” without naming a benchmark or date confuses an earlier ranking with the current evidence.
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