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Yes. Google says its Big Sleep security agent found a previously unknown, exploitable SQLite vulnerability in early October 2024. SQLite developers fixed it the same day Google reported it. Google later said Big Sleep also helped identify a separate SQLite flaw, CVE-2025-6965, as being at risk of exploitation—and helped prevent likely use.
What Big Sleep found in SQLite in 2024
Google Project Zero announced Big Sleep’s first publicly described real-world finding on November 1, 2024: “an exploitable stack buffer underflow in SQLite, a widely used open source database engine.” The team said it discovered and reported the vulnerability to SQLite developers in early October; the developers fixed it that same day. Google Project Zero’s announcement describes the finding and disclosure.
A stack buffer underflow is a memory-safety error involving access below the intended start of a buffer on the stack. Google characterized this specific issue as exploitable. The announcement does not provide a CVE identifier for this first finding, so it should not be conflated with the later SQLite vulnerability CVE-2025-6965.
What Google said about the later SQLite flaw
In a July 15, 2025 security update, Google identified SQLite CVE-2025-6965 as a critical flaw known to threat actors and at risk of exploitation. Google said threat intelligence, together with Big Sleep, helped predict imminent use and cut it off beforehand. This is a separate episode from the 2024 stack buffer underflow. Google’s 2025 security update describes the later case.
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Google’s wording links Big Sleep’s analysis with threat intelligence; it does not establish that the agent alone discovered the flaw or independently prevented exploitation. The public account also does not supply a detailed timeline or technical account of attempted attacks.
What Big Sleep is—and what it is not
Big Sleep is a vulnerability-research project from Google DeepMind and Google Project Zero, evolved from the Naptime framework. It is not a consumer chatbot feature. Google describes it as an AI agent used alongside human security teams and established security practices.
Google’s Chrome security account says the agent has found bugs in the V8 JavaScript engine and graphics stack. It also emphasizes that existing security infrastructure remains part of the process from discovery through patching. Google’s Chrome security account discusses that broader workflow.
How to interpret the “first real 0-day” claim
In security, “zero-day” commonly refers to a vulnerability that was previously unknown to the affected software’s developers or defenders when it is found. The phrase does not, by itself, mean attackers exploited it in the wild. In the 2024 SQLite case, Google described a previously unknown, exploitable vulnerability, reported it to the developers, and said it was fixed the same day. The announcement does not say that attackers had exploited that particular flaw.
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The 2025 CVE-2025-6965 account is different: Google described that later flaw as known to threat actors and at risk of exploitation, and said it helped prevent likely use. The two reports should not be collapsed into a claim that the first vulnerability was exploited.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.What the public evidence does—and does not—show
Google’s announcements establish specific findings and describe AI as part of a defensive security workflow. They do not publish independent accuracy or false-positive rates, comparative results against human researchers, or head-to-head performance against traditional vulnerability-finding tools. Nor do the cited accounts quantify how much Big Sleep shortened discovery or patching time.
That means the reports are evidence that Big Sleep has contributed to real vulnerability research, not a public benchmark proving it outperforms human researchers or replaces established testing. Human review, exploitability assessment, triage, disclosure, and patching remain important parts of the process Google describes.
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