Special offer. See more information about Outbyte and uninstall instructions. Please review EULA and Privacy policy.
Yes. pgvector supports hybrid keyword and semantic search when you pair its vector-similarity retrieval with PostgreSQL full-text search. The pgvector project recommends this combination and demonstrates combining the separate result lists with Reciprocal Rank Fusion (RRF); it also names a cross-encoder as an option. Hybrid search is a pattern built from these components, not a single special pgvector operator.
What keyword search and semantic search each do
PostgreSQL full-text search finds lexical matches
PostgreSQL converts document text into a tsvector and a user’s search into a tsquery. The @@ operator checks whether the document matches the query. You can rank matches with ts_rank_cd, which uses cover density. PostgreSQL’s query-conversion functions include plainto_tsquery and websearch_to_tsquery; the latter is designed for a more familiar, forgiving web-search style of input. PostgreSQL full-text search introduction and text-search functions and operators.
pgvector finds semantically similar candidates
pgvector stores embeddings in PostgreSQL and lets you order documents by vector distance to a query embedding. The project’s hybrid-search example uses cosine distance, with the <=> operator, to create a semantic ranking. pgvector hybrid-search documentation.
How to combine pgvector and full-text search
- Store both representations. Keep each document’s text and embedding in PostgreSQL, and give both retrieval paths a shared document identifier. The project’s example uses a documents table with content and an embedding. pgvector hybrid-search documentation.
- Retrieve keyword matches. Convert the user’s text query into a
tsquery, match documents with@@, and optionally rank them withts_rank_cd. For web-style query input, considerwebsearch_to_tsquery. PostgreSQL text-search functions and operators. - Retrieve semantic matches. Create an embedding for the query, order documents by distance to it, and take a candidate set. The documented example uses cosine distance with
<=>. pgvector hybrid-search documentation. - Combine or refine the candidates. Join the two result lists by document ID and combine their ranks with RRF, or use a cross-encoder as a further ranking option. pgvector hybrid-search documentation.
Choosing a way to combine results
| Approach | What it does | What the documentation establishes |
|---|---|---|
| Reciprocal Rank Fusion (RRF) | Combines the keyword and semantic rankings by adding reciprocal-rank contributions for each document. | The pgvector README includes a Python example that joins result sets by document ID and sums those contributions. It does not provide a benchmark showing when RRF is best. pgvector hybrid-search documentation. |
| Cross-encoder | Offers another way to combine or refine retrieved results. | The README names this option but does not provide a quantitative comparison with RRF. pgvector hybrid-search documentation. |
Use the approach that performs well for your application’s queries and corpus. The documented examples establish the implementation pattern, not a universally optimal ranking method or a guaranteed improvement in relevance.
Do these 3 things before closing this tab:
1Scan for outdated or missing drivers - takes under a minute2Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errors3Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitchesSpecial offer. See more information about Outbyte and uninstall instructions. Please review EULA and Privacy policy.
Quick Recap
Bestseller No. 5
Best Value
Anker USB C Hub, 5-in-1 USBC to HDMI Splitter with 4K Display
- 5-in-1 Connectivity: Equipped with a 4K HDMI port, a 5 Gbps USB-C data port, two 5 Gbps USB-A ports, and a USB C 100W PD-IN port. Note: The USB C 100W PD-IN port supports only charging and does not support data transfer devices such as headphones or speakers.
- Powerful Pass-Through Charging: Supports up to 85W pass-through charging so you can power up your laptop while you use the hub. Note: Pass-through charging requires a charger (not included). Note: To achieve full power for iPad, we recommend using a 45W wall charger.
- Transfer Files in Seconds: Move files to and from your laptop at speeds of up to 5 Gbps via the USB-C and USB-A data ports. Note: The USB C 5Gbps Data port does not support video output.
- HD Display: Connect to the HDMI port to stream or mirror content to an external monitor in resolutions of up to 4K@30Hz. Note: The USB-C ports do not support video output.
- What You Get: Anker 332 USB-C Hub (5-in-1), welcome guide, our worry-free 18-month warranty, and friendly customer service.
Rank #4
Sale
UGREEN USB to USB C Adapter Combo 4-Pack, 10Gbps USB C Converter Space Gray
- Dual Converters, Infinite Potential：Includes 2× USB C male to USB A female adapters and 2× USB A male to USB C female adapters. Perfect for a wide range of uses—tablets with Bluetooth keyboards, expand USB ports on macbook, and more. Two different converters for all your daily needs
- Next-Level 10Gbps & 3A Charging: No more slow 480Mbps, this usb to usb c adapter has a transfer speed of up to 10Gbps, allowing you to do more transferring in less time. This usb adapter fits both USB A and USB C charger, supporting up to 3A fast charging
- Upgraded Exquisite Craftsmanship: With an aluminum alloy housing and metal connector, the usbc to usb adapter is extremely durable and sturdy. Rigorously tested to withstand more than 10,000 times of plugging and unplugging, ensuring long-lasting performance
- Broad Compatible: The usb c to usb adapter widely supports all USB C/ USB A devices like laptops, tablets, cellphones, car chargers, and phone chargers. Such as compatible with MacBook Pro/Air 2023/2022, Thunderbolt 4/3 Devices,Apple MagSafe Watch 9/8/7/SE/Ultra, iPad Pro 2022/2021, Samsung Galaxy S23/S20/S10, and iPhone 17/16/15 Pro. Plug and play
- Please Note: To reach 10Gbps speed, keep the cable under 3.3 ft. For USB A Male to USB C adapters, try flipping the USB C connector. USB C Male to USB A adapters support bidirectional 10Gbps transfer within 3.3 ft
Rank #3
Sale
Anker USB C Hub, 7in1 Multi-Port USB Adapter, 4K@60Hz USBC to HDMI Splitter
- Sleek 7-in-1 USB-C Hub: Features an HDMI port, two USB-A 3.0 ports, and a USB-C data port, each providing 5Gbps transfer speeds. It also includes a USB-C PD input port for charging up to 100W and dual SD and TF card slots, all in a compact design.
- Flawless 4K@60Hz Video with HDMI: Delivers exceptional clarity and smoothness with its 4K@60Hz HDMI port, making it ideal for high-definition presentations and entertainment. (Note: Only the HDMI port supports video projection; the USB-C port is for data transfer only.)
- Double Up on Efficiency: The two USB-A 3.0 ports and a USB-C port support a fast 5Gbps data rate, significantly boosting your transfer speeds and improving productivity.
- Fast and Reliable 85W Charging: Offers high-capacity, speedy charging for laptops up to 85W, so you spend less time tethered to an outlet and more time being productive.
- What You Get: Anker USB-C Hub (7-in-1), welcome guide, 18-month warranty, and our friendly customer service.
Rank #2
Anker USB-C Hub, 5-in-1 USB Hub for Laptops, 4K HDMI Multiport Adapter
- 5-in-1 USB-C Hub: Experience comprehensive connectivity featuring a Power Delivery input, two USB-A 2.0 ports, a USB-A 3.0 port, and an HDMI port. (Note: The USB-C power delivery input port is only for connecting an external wall charger to power your laptop and cannot power peripheral devices.)
- 90W Pass-Through Charging: Achieve optimal charging with 90W pass-through power to your laptop, supported by a total input of 100W, with the hub reserving 10W for operational efficiency. (Note: Wall charger not included.)
- Quick Data Transfers: Accelerate your productivity with rapid data transfers using a high-speed 5Gbps USB 3.0 port and two 480Mbps USB 2.0 ports.
- 4K HDMI Display: Enhance your visual experience with a hub capable of delivering 4K resolution at 30Hz in both mirror and extend modes. Please note that this hub is compatible with MacBook (macOS 12 and newer), Windows 10 and 11, ChromeOS, and laptops equipped with DP Alt Mode and Power Delivery. Note: This device is not compatible with Linux.
- What You Get: Anker USB-C Hub (5-in-1, 4K HDMI), welcome guide, 18-month warranty, and our friendly customer service.
#1 Best Overall
Elebase USB to USB C Adapter for iPhone 18 Pro Max,USBC Car Charger Adapter
- Read Before You Buy — No Video Output: These adapters support charging and USB 2.0 data transfer, but cannot transmit video signals. Except for standard USB webcams (which use USB data only), they are not compatible with HDMI/DisplayPort cables, video-capable USB-C hubs, or docking stations with video output.
- Convert USB-A Ports to USB-C: Designed to connect USB-C earphones, cables, flash drives, card readers, and other USB-C accessories to standard USB-A ports. Plug-and-play with no drivers or software required.
- Aluminum Alloy Housing: Built with a sturdy aluminum alloy shell that aids in heat dissipation and protects against daily wear and scratches. Designed to maintain a stable and secure connection.
- Compact & Travel-Friendly: The ultra-compact design allows the adapter to stay plugged into your device without blocking adjacent ports or adding bulk, reducing wear and tear on your original USB ports.
- 12-Month Warranty: Backed by a 12-month manufacturer warranty for peace of mind. Designed to meet strict quality control standards for reliable everyday performance.
What to consider when implementing hybrid search
- Query behavior: Full-text search matches lexical content and supports query operators and ranking informed by lexical, proximity, and structural information. Vector retrieval ranks by embedding similarity, which can surface semantically related content without relying only on matching words. PostgreSQL full-text search introduction.
- Text indexing: PostgreSQL says text-search indexes are optional, but usually desirable when a column is searched regularly. PostgreSQL text-search indexes.
- Workload and relevance: Vector-index choices and tuning depend on your workload; the hybrid-search example does not benchmark them. Assess retrieval quality against representative searches from your own application rather than assuming a fusion method will suit every corpus.
Product prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on Amazon at the time of purchase will apply.
