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To install n8n on a UK VPS, point a domain or subdomain at the server, install Docker Engine and the Compose plugin, then run n8n behind a reverse proxy that obtains and renews an HTTPS certificate. The steps below use n8n’s documented deployment patterns; confirm your provider’s current UK region and Linux image before creating the server.
What you need before you start
- A Linux VPS in a UK location offered by your provider, with SSH access and a configurable firewall. The n8n deployment examples demonstrate cloud-server setups, but do not establish UK availability for any named provider or plan.
- A domain or subdomain you control, such as
n8n.example.co.uk. - Docker Engine and the Docker Compose plugin installed on the server.
- Access to configure inbound TCP ports 80 and 443 in the provider firewall and, if enabled, the server firewall.
There is no general-purpose minimum VPS size established for a basic n8n deployment in the cited setup guides. The 4 GB RAM and 2 vCPU recommendation in n8n’s Hetzner guide applies to adding its optional Assistant sandbox, not to n8n alone.
1. Prepare the VPS and install Docker
Create a Linux server in the UK region you selected and connect over SSH. Where your provider supports it, use a non-root administrative account for routine maintenance; n8n’s DigitalOcean example describes creating a sudo-enabled user and configuring SSH public-key authentication.
Install Docker Engine and the Compose plugin using Docker’s official instructions for the server’s specific Linux distribution. The required commands and package steps vary by distribution, so verify that both docker and docker compose are available before continuing. The Hetzner deployment example notes that its Docker CE application image still needs the Compose plugin installed separately.
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2. Point your hostname at the VPS
In your DNS provider’s control panel, create an A record for the chosen subdomain and set it to the VPS public IPv4 address. If you intend to serve traffic over IPv6, create an AAAA record only when both the server and its reverse proxy are reachable over IPv6. DNS control panels differ, so use your provider’s instructions for the exact record-entry steps.
Set DNS before expecting the reverse proxy to obtain and serve a certificate for the hostname. A hostname that resolves to another address, or has not propagated yet, can prevent certificate setup from succeeding.
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3. Open the web ports
Allow inbound TCP traffic on ports 80 and 443 in the provider firewall and in the VPS firewall if one is active. Port 80 supports the documented proxy setup and HTTP-to-HTTPS handling; port 443 serves the HTTPS site. Do not expose n8n’s internal port 5678 to the public internet in the documented Caddy pattern: Caddy routes requests to the n8n service over the Compose network.
4. Choose one reverse-proxy pattern
n8n’s SSL guidance recommends using a reverse proxy such as Traefik to handle TLS and certificate renewals. Its deployment documentation provides two suitable patterns: Caddy in provider-specific walkthroughs and Traefik in the general Docker Compose guide. Follow one complete, current official example rather than combining fragments from both.
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| Approach | Documented example | What you configure and maintain |
|---|---|---|
| Caddy | n8n’s DigitalOcean and Hetzner walkthroughs | A Caddyfile naming your public domain, Compose services, and persistent Caddy state. The example proxies to n8n:5678 on the Compose network and describes automatic certificate management. |
| Traefik | n8n’s general Docker Compose guide | Traefik entrypoints, router and service labels, ACME challenge configuration, and persistent certificate storage. |
Use the official Compose file for the proxy approach you select. Image versions and configuration can change, so do not treat copied examples as permanently current.
5. Configure n8n’s public URL and persistent data
Set n8n’s hostname and public URL to match the domain configured in the proxy. In the documented HTTPS setup, the relevant values are N8N_HOST for the hostname, N8N_PROTOCOL=https, N8N_PORT=5678 for n8n’s internal service port, and WEBHOOK_URL=https://<your-subdomain>.<your-domain>/. Replace the placeholder with the exact public hostname; the proxy hostname and webhook URL must agree.
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Keep n8n’s data volume mounted at /home/node/.n8n. In the documented Compose examples, this location preserves the SQLite database and encryption key across container recreation. The proxy should also retain its own state, including certificate data where required by the chosen configuration. Protect environment files and secrets with appropriate server permissions.
6. Start the stack and complete setup
- Change into the directory containing the Compose file.
- Start the services in the background:
docker compose up -d. - Open
https://followed by the configured hostname in a browser. - Complete n8n’s owner-account setup when prompted on first access.
A valid HTTPS page and a successful first login confirm the basic installation path. Before relying on production workflows, trigger a real webhook from outside the VPS to verify that external requests reach n8n through the proxy.
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Troubleshoot a hostname or HTTPS failure
- The hostname does not open: Confirm its DNS record points to the VPS public address. If the record was just created or changed, allow time for DNS propagation.
- The proxy cannot obtain a certificate: Verify that the hostname resolves to this server and that inbound TCP ports 80 and 443 are permitted by both firewall layers.
- The proxy responds but n8n does not: Check that both proxy and n8n services are running and that the proxy routes to
n8n:5678on the Compose network in the Caddy pattern. - Webhooks use the wrong URL: Check that
WEBHOOK_URLuses the same public HTTPS hostname as the proxy, including the trailing slash shown in the documented value.
Official n8n references
- n8n: Use Docker Compose — general Linux server setup using Traefik, persistent data, HTTPS, and troubleshooting.
- n8n: Hosting n8n on DigitalOcean — Caddy and Compose deployment example, SSH user setup, DNS, firewall, and owner setup.
- n8n: Hosting n8n on Hetzner Cloud — Caddy and Compose deployment example and the optional sandbox resource note.
- n8n: Set up SSL — reverse-proxy TLS and certificate renewal guidance.
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