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Yahoo’s second “Computing Coop” data center was an expansion of its Lockport, New York, campus, announced in 2013 and online by April 2015. Its distinctive coop-shaped building drew in outside air to cool servers, relying on evaporative cooling during hotter conditions instead of conventional mechanical chillers. The completed expansion included two 30,000-square-foot computer rooms and 7.2 megawatts of hydropower.

What Yahoo launched in Lockport

Yahoo announced the Lockport expansion in March 2013. The company said the project would use its Yahoo Compute Coop (YCC) architecture, build on its existing Lockport site, create 115 jobs, and use outside-air cooling for approximately 98% of the year, according to Yahoo’s announcement carried by Business Wire.

The second data center was online by April 2015 as part of a $170 million expansion, reported Data Center Knowledge. The completed expansion had two 30,000-square-foot computer rooms and 7.2 megawatts of hydropower. Yahoo senior director of data-center operations Paul Bonaro said there was “a good chance” Yahoo services such as Mail, Tumblr, or Flickr were being served from Lockport; that describes the campus generally, not a guarantee about any individual user’s traffic.

The expansion followed an earlier phase: the New York State Senate recorded Phase I as completed in September 2010. Its account reported a $171 million overall project investment, 10 MW of low-cost NYPA hydropower for Phase I, and another 5 MW planned for Phase II. Those figures describe the Senate’s earlier project reporting and are not interchangeable with the later account of the completed expansion’s 7.2 MW.

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How the chicken-coop design cooled servers

The building’s shape was intended to encourage natural airflow. Large louvers in the side walls admitted outside air, which passed across the servers. As the warmed air rose into the upper plenum, it left through high louvers. This airflow approach avoided mechanical chillers; evaporative cooling was used when outside conditions were too hot for outside air alone, as described by Data Center Knowledge.

Yahoo’s 2013 announcement said the facility could use outside-air cooling for approximately 98% of the year. That is Yahoo’s reported operating estimate, not a guarantee for every weather condition or a claim that the facility never used supplemental cooling.

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The U.S. Department of Energy characterized YCC as an “efficient data factory” research project. Its goals included free cooling, lower energy use, less waste, simpler construction, and lower operating costs. The project is documented in the U.S. Department of Energy report.

What the efficiency figures do—and do not—show

Power usage effectiveness (PUE) is a data-center efficiency measure: total facility energy divided by the energy used by IT equipment. A lower PUE means less overhead energy per unit of IT energy, but it does not by itself establish the facility’s total energy consumption, water use, or environmental impact.

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Figure What it refers to
1.08 PUE Yahoo Lockport YCC example in a 2013 patent disclosure by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
1.25 PUE Designed target for Yahoo Lockport YCC in the same 2013 patent disclosure.
1.62 PUE Santa Clara colocation comparison in that patent disclosure.

These are engineering-disclosure examples, not a measurement series proving that every Yahoo facility operated at those values. The 1.62 comparison is for a Santa Clara colocation facility, not a controlled comparison of identical sites under identical conditions. The figures appear in the 2013 U.S. patent disclosure.

The reported PUE examples support the case that the YCC design could reduce cooling overhead relative to the cited comparison. They do not establish a universal efficiency advantage over conventional data centers: climate, workload, water use, power source, and measurement conditions all matter, and the cited figures are not a like-for-like test of facilities in the same location.

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Why Yahoo chose Lockport

Lockport combined a cool climate suited to outside-air cooling with access to Niagara hydropower. Reporting also points to land and labor costs, an available workforce, and local tax incentives as parts of the location decision. The New York State Senate’s account documents the project’s hydropower arrangements; Data Center Knowledge discusses the Lockport expansion and its context.

The choice was therefore not simply about putting servers in a cold place. Cooling conditions, electricity supply and cost, construction economics, workforce, and public incentives all contributed to the campus’s appeal.

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