If you’re lost on a hike, stop, assess your location, and avoid guessing at a route. Retrace your steps only if you can identify the way back and it is safe. If you cannot, call 911 if possible, share your location and details, then stay put unless remaining there poses an immediate danger.
What should you do first if you’re lost on a hike?
- Stop and steady yourself. Don’t keep walking in the hope that the trail will reappear. Pause, take a breath, and avoid making a rushed decision.
- Check where you are. Consult a paper map and compass, phone or handheld GPS, and visible landmarks. A phone may still show GPS coordinates even when you cannot make a call, but device and mapping behavior vary.
- Retrace only when you are sure and it is safe. If you can identify your route and safely reverse it to the planned trail, do so carefully. Do not take an uncertain shortcut or continue into hazardous terrain. The National Park Service (NPS) advises that self-rescue depends on safety; Yosemite’s wilderness guidance says, “If you are unable to locate the trail, stay put!” NPS Yosemite wilderness safety.
- Call for help when the way back is unclear or there is an urgent emergency. Call 911 if possible for an urgent medical or environmental emergency, or if you cannot safely retrace your route.
What information should you give emergency responders?
Be ready to state your name and phone number, then share as many of these details as you can:
- GPS coordinates from your phone or GPS, if available.
- The trail or park area where you started and your last known location.
- Nearby landmarks and the direction you were traveling, if known.
- Your clothing colors and the equipment you have.
- Relevant medical conditions or injuries.
Follow the dispatcher’s instructions. NPS cautions that rescue may take hours or days depending on location, weather, and available resources. After you have contacted help, stay at the reported location unless it becomes immediately dangerous; as NPS puts it, “Changing location will make it difficult for authorities to find you.” NPS Outdoor Emergency Plan.
Should you stay where you are or keep walking?
Once you have contacted help, stay put unless there is an immediate threat to life. Moving can make it harder for responders to find you. The decision before contacting help depends on whether your position and route are known and whether retracing is safe:
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#1 Best Overall
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- [Comprehensive Emergency Supply Kit]: The included emergency supplies are stored in a bright red pouch, containing tweezers, scissors and pins, non-woven pad, triangular cotton cloth, cotton swabs, cotton balls, a generous supply of adhesive strips etc., meeting your general emergency and outdoor needs. It also includes an emergency information card to record your basic information, helping others quickly access important information when needed.
- [Safety Companion for Journey]: Our emergency kit includes many survival gear and supplies to ensure access to food, water, warmth, and light in a crisis. The fishing kit and multi-usage spoon help you catch and prepare food, while the collapsible water container bag helps store water. Fire starter and stick make it easy to build a fire. A flashlight, camping lamp, and glow sticks provide up to 72 hours of lighting, crucial for signaling for help and safe navigation.
- [Essential Survival Gear]: Additionally, this survival kit includes a detachable multifunctional axe with hammer and a 2-in-1 shovel with pick, made of sturdy carbon steel. Combined with wire saw, emergency tent and blanket, rope, and compass, you can quickly set up an emergency shelter while helping retain warmth. Unlike other mini axes, our axe and shovel are 17 inches long, providing effective protection in the wild against animals or in other emergencies.
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- Retrace your route only if you can confidently identify it and the terrain and conditions make it safe.
- Call and wait if you cannot safely retrace, are injured, or face an urgent environmental or medical emergency.
- Move only to escape immediate danger. Rising water, falling rock, fire, or another immediate hazard may make staying in place unsafe. There is no universal safe distance or route for every terrain; use the safest available judgment and tell responders if you move.
How do you stay safe while waiting for help?
- Get out of the elements. Find shelter from sun, rain, snow, or wind. Add layers if you are cold.
- Conserve energy and take stock. Check your food, water, shelter, and other supplies; avoid unnecessary exertion.
- Signal repeatedly. Use a whistle, flashlight, or mirror as conditions allow. Make a visible marker with bright material or rocks where it can be seen.
- Avoid creating another hazard. Do not build a fire where fire danger or local restrictions make it unsafe.
What should your group do if someone goes missing?
- Gather everyone who is present. Keep the group together so the incident does not create additional missing hikers.
- Return together to the last known location if it is safe. Wait there rather than sending people searching off trail where they could become lost too.
- Contact help. Call 911 and report the missing person’s last known location, clothing, equipment, and relevant medical conditions. Tell responders where the group will meet or wait.
- If you have no phone service, get a message to authorities. Seek help at a ranger station or visitor center, or ask another hiker to alert authorities.
How can you call for help with no cell service?
If a call cannot connect, do not assume your phone is useless: its GPS may still provide coordinates to share if you later reach a dispatcher or another person. However, coverage may be absent in backcountry areas, and searching for service can drain your battery. Don’t rely on a phone—or any single device—as your entire emergency plan.
For a remote trip, NPS suggests considering a personal locator beacon (PLB). A PLB is a preparation option, not a guarantee of rescue. Before leaving, keep your phone charged and know how you will contact local emergency services or park staff if a call is unavailable. NPS Ten Essentials.
Quick Recap
Best Value
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How should you prepare before the hike?
- Leave your itinerary and expected return time with someone who will act if you are overdue.
- Check park alerts and learn the appropriate local emergency contacts.
- Carry navigation tools, shelter, warm layers, light, and signaling equipment suited to the route. A whistle is useful because NPS recommends it for signaling while waiting for help.
- Charge your phone before setting out, but plan for areas without service and avoid making the phone your sole navigation or communication option.
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