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When a Bitcoin-linked leveraged position is liquidated, the exchange reduces or closes the derivative position and applies losses to the margin or collateral covered by that product’s rules. It does not necessarily sell BTC held separately in a spot wallet. Whether you lose some or all of the collateral—and whether other funds or positions are exposed—depends on the exchange, contract, margin mode, and account arrangement.

What liquidation does—and what it does not necessarily do

A futures or derivatives contract gives you price exposure to Bitcoin; it is not the same thing as holding BTC in a spot account. Liquidation acts on the contract and the margin or collateral governed by its rules. The cited exchange documentation does not establish that liquidating a derivative automatically sells Bitcoin in a separate spot wallet. Whether other balances or positions are in scope depends on the venue’s account and margin arrangements.

Liquidation begins when the exchange determines that the position no longer meets its maintenance-margin requirement. The trigger and reference-price rules vary by venue and contract. The liquidation price shown in an interface is not necessarily the price at which the position ultimately closes, nor is it necessarily the bankruptcy price used in the venue’s loss accounting.

Do you lose all your collateral?

Not always. The position may be reduced in stages, and a close that executes better than the bankruptcy price can leave margin behind. Conversely, an execution worse than the bankruptcy price can leave a shortfall. Fees may also reduce collateral, depending on the venue’s rules.

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For example, Kraken says that if a position closes at a better price than its absolute worst-case bankruptcy price, the trader keeps remaining margin. Binance documents a liquidation clearance fee for certain liquidations, calculated using the applicable rate and notional value; it says the fee does not apply to a position that is bankrupt following liquidation. The fee rate and treatment are contract-specific, so do not assume one universal rate.

Why margin mode and wallet scope matter

With isolated margin, collateral is generally assigned to a particular position under the product’s rules; with cross margin, a wider pool of eligible collateral may support positions. Those labels alone do not tell you exactly which assets are exposed: check the venue’s account and wallet terms.

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  • Binance Futures: Binance’s documented process treats open orders differently depending on whether the position uses cross or isolated margin.
  • Kraken Multi-M: Kraken says a fall in collateral value in a Multi-M wallet can bring positions to the liquidation threshold, putting both isolated and cross positions in that wallet at risk. It says Coin-M and Multi-M wallets are margined separately.

These are venue-specific examples, not general rules for every exchange.

How exchanges handle a liquidation shortfall

If ordinary liquidation cannot resolve a bankrupt position, some venues describe additional steps to manage the loss. The sequence and mechanisms differ; an insurance fund, liquidity provider, auto-deleveraging, unwind, or clawback is not universal and does not mean a trader will be reimbursed.

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Binance Futures: liquidation, insurance fund, then possible ADL

Binance describes a “Smart Liquidation” process. After the maintenance-margin condition is reached, relevant open orders are canceled. The system attempts to reduce the deficit with a large immediate-or-cancel order. If the remaining assets can meet maintenance margin after realized losses and any applicable liquidation clearance fee, the process stops. Any unfilled remainder can become a bankrupt position that the Futures Insurance Fund takes over to the extent possible. Binance also says the fund may cover a shortfall to the extent possible; if it cannot, auto-deleveraging (ADL) can close bankrupt positions and some opposing non-bankrupt traders’ positions.

Binance says its fund addresses the difference between bankruptcy price and liquidation execution price. It explicitly states that the Futures Insurance Funds are not insurance products and that traders do not get their losses back from them. The fund is a venue risk-management mechanism, not a promise that an individual trader will be made whole.

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Kraken Derivatives: liquidation, assignment, then possible unwind

Kraken calls its process the Equity Protection Process. It first attempts an immediate-or-cancel market order with a limit price intended to prevent a negative account balance. If the order does not fully fill, Kraken routes remaining contracts to registered liquidity providers that have agreed to take positions in these circumstances. If providers cannot take the remainder, Kraken describes an unwind: contracts between the trader and counterparties are canceled, and any remaining value in the margin account is transferred to counterparties as compensation. Kraken says an unwind in one margin account does not affect other margin accounts.

Coinbase: partial liquidation and a contract-dependent waterfall

Coinbase Global Exchange describes partial liquidation when collateral margin falls below initial margin, selling small portions until margin reaches a stated safe level. If collateral margin falls below close-out margin, its described sequence checks for excess collateral margin in other portfolios under the same ultimate beneficial owner, assigns exposure to liquidity support providers (LSPs), and then uses ADL if LSP capital is insufficient. Its documentation says an insurance fund covers negative equity so opposing traders can realize profit and loss; if the fund is depleted in a large-scale event, opposing-side user funds (clawbacks) cover negative balances.

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Coinbase International Exchange’s legal trading rules say LSP availability is contract-specific. Where there is no LSP program, the sequence can move from auto-liquidation directly to ADL, followed, if applicable, by insurance-fund and clawback stages. The rules describe the fund covering losses when liquidation closes worse than the bankruptcy price, and clawbacks applying if the fund is depleted and accounts being liquidated have negative equity. Check the rules for the specific contract and jurisdiction.

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What to check before trading a Bitcoin derivative

  1. Identify the exact product and account: confirm whether you are trading a futures or other derivative contract, and whether it is in an account or wallet shared with other positions.
  2. Read the margin and trigger rules: find the maintenance-margin threshold, price input used for liquidation, and how the venue handles open orders.
  3. Check collateral scope: verify what collateral supports the position and how isolated or cross margin affects other positions or balances.
  4. Read the liquidation and fee rules: distinguish the trigger price from execution and bankruptcy prices, and check whether fees can be deducted.
  5. Find the loss waterfall: establish whether the product uses an insurance fund, liquidity providers, ADL, unwind, or clawbacks, and in what order.

Exchange documentation and legal terms can change. These examples describe the named venues’ published processes, not a guarantee about how a particular account will be handled.

Product prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on Amazon at the time of purchase will apply.