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One free scan finds every outdated or missing driver and matches the right update for your exact hardware.Free scan · exact hardware matchTo automate Windows Installer from a script, run a Windows Script Host (WSH) script outside the installer, create the COM object with the ProgID WindowsInstaller.Installer, and call its automation methods. That is different from a script custom action: Windows Installer runs those scripts directly, without WSH, so the WScript object is unavailable.
Choose the right scripting context
There are two distinct ways scripts can relate to an MSI package. The key choice is whether your script is an external automation client or code executed as part of installation.
| Workflow | Where it runs | What it is suited to | Important constraint |
|---|---|---|---|
| External WSH automation | Under WScript.exe or CScript.exe, outside Windows Installer |
Inspecting installer data, running automation tasks, or managing package information | Requires Windows Script Host and the Windows Installer automation interface |
| Installer script custom action | Invoked by Windows Installer during package processing | Specific work that must occur as part of an installation | Does not use WSH; WScript is unavailable, and access to other WSH objects may be restricted |
Microsoft states that “The installer runs script custom actions directly and does not use the Windows Script Host.” See Microsoft’s Scripts reference. Do not write a custom action as though it were a desktop or command-line WSH script.
How to create the Installer COM object from VBScript
The automation entry point is an Installer object created with the ProgID WindowsInstaller.Installer. Microsoft describes it as loading automation support and exposing methods and top-level objects. See the Installer object reference and About the Automation Interface.
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- Save a VBScript file. In an external script, create the COM object with
CreateObject. For example:Set installer = CreateObject("WindowsInstaller.Installer"). - Use the automation members for the task. The Installer object exposes Windows Installer automation methods and top-level objects. Consult Microsoft’s interface reference for the specific member and object you need rather than assuming an MSI database is interchangeable with an ordinary file.
- Run it with a WSH host. Use
CScript.exefor command-line execution orWScript.exefor the desktop host. For example, from a command prompt:cscript.exe //nologo yourscript.vbs. WSH supports creating COM objects from VBScript withCreateObject; JScript can useActiveXObjectorWScript.CreateObject. See Microsoft’s Using COM Objects in Windows Script Host.
This is an external automation pattern. It does not make WScript available inside a script custom action, nor does creating the Installer object alone select or modify a package: the rest of the script must call the appropriate documented automation members.
What you can do with Microsoft’s script examples
Microsoft’s Windows SDK includes VBScript examples illustrating automation tasks. The documented examples include:
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WiLstPrd.vbsfor listing products, properties, features, and components.WiImport.vbsandWiExport.vbsfor importing and exporting files.WiStream.vbsfor managing binary streams.WiGenXfm.vbsandWiUseXfm.vbsfor generating and applying transforms.WiRunSQL.vbsfor executing SQL statements against installer databases.
Microsoft says these samples require Windows Script Host and are unsupported, though they may be useful as reference material. Their presence in the SDK is not a guarantee that a particular sample is suitable for a current deployment. See Windows Installer Scripting Examples.
Prefer package customization mechanisms when they fit
If the goal is to configure an installation, first check whether a public property or a customization transform can express the change. Microsoft’s Windows Installer Best Practices recommends these mechanisms for configurable package values and cautions against repackaging that misunderstands Installer configuration. The guidance also refers to Msitran.exe for creating customization transforms.
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Custom actions are for needs the standard actions do not address; Microsoft notes that standard actions are sufficient in most cases. A custom action may be appropriate when you need to call a function or defer work to a particular installation stage, but it adds execution-context, security, and sequencing considerations. See Microsoft’s Custom Actions guidance. A transform or public property is generally the more direct option when it can represent the required configuration without custom code.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.When a script custom action is appropriate
Windows Installer documents script custom-action types for VBScript and JScript. These are embedded in or installed with the package and run under the installer, not under a WSH host. A 64-bit script custom action must be marked as a 64-bit custom action. Consult current Windows Installer references and test behavior in the target environment before relying on a legacy example.
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- Use external WSH automation when a separate script needs to inspect or work with installer data through the COM automation interface.
- Use a script custom action only when work must execute during package processing and the relevant custom-action type and security constraints are understood.
- Use a public property or transform when the requirement is package configuration that those mechanisms can express.
The Microsoft pages on scripts, automation, and examples are legacy technical references; several were marked last updated January 7, 2021. Their descriptions explain documented interfaces and workflows, but should not be read as a blanket statement of compatibility with every current Windows deployment environment. The Installer object reference’s stated operating-system requirements are specific to that page, not a guarantee of support across all present-day platforms.
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