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Salt Typhoon is the public name for cyber-espionage activity attributed by U.S. officials to PRC-affiliated actors who gained access to multiple telecommunications companies. The FBI and CISA said the attackers took customer call-record data, accessed private communications involving a limited number of people—primarily people involved in government or political activity—and copied some information connected to U.S. law-enforcement requests made under court orders. The public record does not establish a complete list of affected companies, a final tally of victims, or a definitive date by which all access was removed.
What is Salt Typhoon?
Salt Typhoon is a name used for a cyber-espionage campaign linked by U.S. authorities to PRC-affiliated actors. The intrusion targeted telecommunications-provider infrastructure, rather than being described as a compromise of subscribers’ individual phones. That matters because provider networks can hold records about many customers and may carry information sought through lawful surveillance processes.
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The public descriptions do not establish every actor’s identity or the campaign’s full objectives. In an August 27, 2025 advisory, the NSA and partner agencies said the activity they addressed partially overlaps with industry reporting that uses names including Salt Typhoon.
What have U.S. officials confirmed?
| Date | What officials said |
|---|---|
| October 25, 2024 | The FBI and CISA said they were investigating unauthorized access to commercial telecommunications infrastructure by PRC-affiliated actors. They said affected companies had been notified and that the agencies were providing technical assistance and sharing information with potential victims. The investigation was ongoing. |
| November 13, 2024 | The FBI and CISA described a “broad and significant cyber espionage campaign” and identified the categories of information accessed, detailed below. |
| April 24, 2025 | The FBI reiterated the reported data categories and said investigators had found that the campaign used network access to target victims globally. The FBI was still seeking information about the people behind it. |
| August 27, 2025 | The NSA and partner agencies issued guidance on Chinese state-sponsored activity targeting telecommunications and other critical infrastructure worldwide. They said the activity partly overlapped with reporting that uses the Salt Typhoon name. |
What information did the attackers access?
- Customer call-record data: Officials confirmed theft of call-record data. That category is distinct from the contents of a call.
- Some private communications: Officials said communications involving a limited number of individuals were accessed. Those people were primarily involved in government or political activity.
- Some court-order-related information: The attackers copied select information that was subject to U.S. law-enforcement requests pursuant to court orders.
The official descriptions do not give precise counts for these categories. They should not be read as saying that every customer’s calls, texts, or other communications were captured.
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Were customers’ calls or texts read?
U.S. officials confirmed access to private communications involving a limited number of people, but did not say that the contents of every customer’s calls or texts were obtained. The Associated Press reported in December 2024 that officials distinguished call metadata involving a large number of customers from actual call audio or text content retrieved from a much smaller number of victims. AP also reported at that time that the total victim count and any remaining access were unknown. That report describes the state of knowledge then; it does not establish whether the situation remained unchanged afterward.
Which companies were affected, and how many people were victims?
The FBI and CISA have publicly described multiple affected telecommunications companies, but the official statements cited here do not provide a complete company roster or a final count of providers or individuals affected. A list of names reported by media or other organizations should not be mistaken for an official, complete list. The FBI’s April 2025 statement described an ongoing investigation but did not supply a final accounting.
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Is Salt Typhoon still inside telecom networks?
The public statements cited here do not establish a definitive full-eviction date or prove that access remains in any particular network. The FBI and CISA described investigation and support for affected companies; those announcements do not, by themselves, confirm that every affected network was fully cleaned. The available public record therefore does not support a categorical answer that the actors are either still present everywhere or have been removed everywhere.
What can customers do?
This was a provider-network intrusion, so a subscriber cannot remove an attacker from a carrier’s infrastructure by changing a phone setting or buying a consumer security product. If your provider contacts you about an incident, follow its account-specific instructions and use its official support channel for questions about your own service. The public findings do not identify a universal customer action that reverses the reported provider-side access.
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What should telecom and infrastructure defenders do?
The August 27, 2025 multi-agency advisory is directed at organizations responsible for telecommunications and other critical infrastructure. It includes tactics, indicators, exploited vulnerabilities, threat-hunting guidance, and mitigations. Its central sequencing advice is to understand the actors’ access before taking visible response steps:
“When threat hunting, the authoring agencies advise that organizations gain a full understanding of the APT actors’ accesses before implementing visible incident response and mitigation actions to maximize the chance of achieving full eviction from compromised networks.”
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The FBI and CISA said in October 2024: “The investigation is ongoing, and we encourage any organization that believes it might be a victim to engage its local FBI field office or CISA.”
What changed in federal telecom cybersecurity rules?
The Salt Typhoon investigation also unfolded alongside a change in the FCC’s regulatory approach to carrier cybersecurity. In January 2025, the FCC issued a declaratory ruling interpreting section 105 of CALEA to require telecommunications carriers to secure networks against unauthorized interception or access to call-identifying information, and proposed related rules. In November 2025, the FCC rescinded that ruling and withdrew the accompanying proposal, describing a shift toward collaboration and targeted regulatory action.
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On July 29, 2026, the U.S. Government Accountability Office concluded that the FCC’s November 2025 rescission order is a rule under the Administrative Procedure Act and is subject to Congressional Review Act submission requirements. GAO stated: “Therefore, the Cybersecurity Ruling is subject to the CRA requirement that it be submitted to Congress and the Comptroller General before taking effect.” This is GAO’s conclusion about the order’s classification and submission requirements, not a court ruling; it does not establish that all carrier cybersecurity obligations disappeared.
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