Psiphon is the Canadian VPN service reportedly preparing to move operations out of the country if Bill C-22 passes unchanged. As of TechRadar’s October 6, 2026 report, the bill had passed the House of Commons and was before the Senate; Psiphon had not left, and the bill was not yet law. Windscribe and NordVPN have also made separate conditional statements about leaving or limiting their Canadian presence.
Which VPN plans to leave Canada?
The service at the center of the latest report is Psiphon, a Toronto-based service. TechRadar reported on October 6, 2026, that Psiphon had begun drawing up plans to move operations out of Canada if the bill passed without changes. That is preparatory planning, not confirmation of a completed move or a shutdown of its VPN service. TechRadar’s report says Psiphon began as a University of Toronto Citizen Lab project in 2006 and is used to circumvent censorship. It estimates the service has around 20 million monthly users; that is the publication’s reported estimate, not an independently verified current count.
Other providers have made different conditional statements
Psiphon is not the only provider to warn of a possible response. The Canadian Press reported on May 15, 2026, that NordVPN would consider limiting or removing its Canadian presence if the bill required it to compromise its no-logs architecture or encryption protections. Windscribe said it would leave if the bill passed. These are distinct company positions and conditions, not evidence that either provider has left. The Canadian Press report describes those statements.
In September, Windscribe, NordVPN, ExpressVPN and other companies joined calls to amend the bill. TechRadar reported that some firms had said they would leave if it passed as-is; this describes the signatories’ warnings, not a settled outcome. TechRadar’s September report covers that effort.
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What is Bill C-22?
Bill C-22 is titled the Lawful Access Act, 2026. It is proposed legislation concerning lawful access to information in investigations. The bill text sets out proposed provisions involving telecommunications service providers, electronic service providers, police and CSIS, including access to defined information through specified legal processes. Those provisions are not current obligations unless the bill becomes law. The bill text and parliamentary record provide the formal wording.
The dispute is partly about what obligations the bill could impose on providers and how those obligations might affect privacy and security. Providers and critics warn that capability or data-retention requirements could undermine protections. The government’s reported position is that the bill does not require companies to install backdoors and that authorities would still need legal authorization, such as a warrant, to obtain data. These are competing interpretations of proposed law; it is not accurate to state as settled fact that C-22 mandates an encryption backdoor. The Canadian Press reported the government’s position through Simon Lafortune, a spokesperson for Public Safety Minister Gary Anandasangaree, who said the government “categorically rejects claims that Bill C-22 would enable the surveillance of Canadians through everyday devices such as cars, home cameras, or smart TVs, or that it would require companies to introduce so‑called ‘backdoors’ into their products so that the government could gain access to customer data.”
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Has the bill passed?
According to TechRadar’s October 6, 2026 report, the House of Commons passed Bill C-22 on June 18 and it was before the Senate at the time of publication. That is a dated status update, not a live parliamentary record. The available reporting does not establish whether the Senate later amended, passed or rejected it, so check the current bill record for any subsequent action. A bill’s passage through the House alone does not make it law.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.What does this mean for VPN users?
The companies’ statements describe possible business responses to proposed requirements, not an immediate change to customers’ service. A plan to relocate operations, a warning that a provider might leave, and an actual departure are different things. No departure is established by the reports cited here.
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Psiphon’s vice-president Kenzie Elsworthy, quoted by TechRadar, objected to the possibility of a secret change to publicly available software: “That is not lawful access. It is a published vulnerability.” This is the company’s concern about how an obligation might be implemented, rather than a description of a confirmed requirement in force. Windscribe CEO Yegor Sak similarly called Canada “an untenable place for most tech companies to operate in, foreign and domestic.” That is Sak’s assessment, not an established legal or economic conclusion. TechRadar’s coverage reports both statements.
Buying a VPN subscription does not resolve the legislative question. The bill’s status and any eventual provider obligations depend on the parliamentary process and the final law, if enacted. A provider’s public warning also does not by itself establish how its service, infrastructure, or customer data would be affected.
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