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Open USD (OUSD) had $666.3 million outstanding at 04:00 UTC on October 5, 2026, but that figure is a dated supply snapshot—not a measure of how much was circulating among customers. Crystal Intelligence’s analysis, published October 6, found that ten wallets held 74% of supply, with large balances concentrated in unmoved Tempo wallets and Coinbase custody. Early trading was modest relative to the headline supply.
What the $666.3 million figure means
OUSD launched on September 30, 2026, on Base, Ethereum, Solana and Tempo. Bridge says it is the issuer; Open Standard is the organization behind the stablecoin. Crystal Intelligence recorded $666.3 million outstanding at 04:00 UTC on October 5. Its October 6 analysis also reported approximately $717 million minted and $51 million burned through October 4. These are dated on-chain figures, not a live balance. Crystal Intelligence describes the snapshot as a supply measure, not proof of customer use.
Crystal traced two large issuance bursts: $439.5 million on Tempo on September 29, the day before launch, and $50 million on each of the four supported chains on October 1. After reported burns, the outstanding supply was $666.3 million at the snapshot.
Who held most OUSD?
Crystal Intelligence found that ten wallets held 74% of the snapshot supply. Its wallet-level analysis identifies large staging and custody positions, but addresses do not reveal the ultimate beneficial owners, whether a balance represents an end user, or why it is held.
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Eight Tempo wallets held $396 million
Crystal reported $396 million across eight Tempo wallets funded directly by Bridge. Those balances had not moved after funding by the October 5 snapshot. This is evidence of concentrated, unmoved balances at that time; it does not establish that the tokens were permanently locked or that their holders intended to keep them there.
Coinbase custody held a separate $200 million allocation
Crystal traced a separate $200 million allocation to Coinbase custody addresses in four $50 million legs, one per chain, and said it remained in custody at the snapshot. Custody balances should not be read as retail holdings or as proof of customer adoption. The $396 million in Tempo wallets and the $200 million in Coinbase custody are distinct reported positions; neither figure should be added to the total supply as if it were additional OUSD.
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Most reported holder addresses were small, but addresses are not people
Crystal counted 355 reported holder addresses. Of those, 218 held less than $100 each, worth $3,197 combined. At the other end, 64 wallets with balances of at least $1 million held 99.5% of supply. These are counts and balances by address, not counts of people or organizations.
How much OUSD was actually trading?
Crystal reported about $4.1 million in decentralized-exchange (DEX) volume across the four chains from September 30 through October 5—about 0.6% of the $666.3 million snapshot supply. The chain breakdown was approximately $3.4 million on Solana, $700,000 on Base and $17,000 on Tempo; the analysis reported no Ethereum DEX volume in that window.
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DEX volume is not the same as unique users, available reserves or executable market depth. It shows reported trading over a defined period, not how much OUSD could be bought or sold at a given price. The concentration and volume figures therefore describe different aspects of the launch: where balances sat and how much trading venues recorded.
Tempo transfer counts include fee payments
Crystal counted 11,544 OUSD transfers on Tempo, of which 8,377—or 73%—were transaction-fee payments, totaling $3.33 in fees. Tempo permits stablecoins to pay transaction fees. In this specific dataset, treating every transfer as an ordinary person-to-person or merchant payment would overstate that kind of activity.
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Where OUSD supply sat across chains
Crystal Intelligence’s chain balances at 04:00 UTC on October 5 were:
| Network | OUSD balance | Share of supply |
|---|---|---|
| Tempo | $472.8 million | 71.0% |
| Solana | $68.0 million | 10.2% |
| Base | $65.0 million | 9.8% |
| Ethereum | $60.4 million | 9.1% |
Figures and rounded percentages are from Crystal Intelligence’s October 5, 2026 snapshot; rounded shares sum to 100.1%. The chain distribution describes where supply was recorded, not where it was actively used.
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What concentration tells users—and what it does not
Concentration matters because a large holder moving or redeeming a substantial balance could change the amount of OUSD in circulation and affect market conditions. But wallet data alone cannot establish who controls every address, whether balances represent partner allocations or customer funds, or whether holders will later move, redeem or continue to custody the tokens. Subsequent on-chain activity would be needed to see how those positions change.
Bridge’s September 30 launch announcement presents OUSD as a business money-movement stablecoin, with access through Bridge for Open Standard network partners and support across orchestration, wallets, cards and foreign exchange. Bridge said it would not charge minting or redemption fees or impose liquidity restrictions that delay those transactions. Those are the issuer’s stated terms, not an independent measure of redemption performance. Bridge’s launch announcement describes the product and access route.
Open Standard lists Stripe/Bridge, Mastercard, Coinbase and Visa integration paths and says OUSD can be minted and burned at 1:1 USD parity at no cost. It also says rewards for driving OUSD supply and activity require joining Open Standard as a partner. Third-party provider terms, eligibility rules and geographic restrictions apply. Open Standard’s information describes these partner paths and conditions.
Open Standard’s June 30 pre-launch announcement described a design in which businesses could mint and redeem without charge, partners could share in reserve earnings less a management fee, and governance would be collaborative. These are stated design principles, not evidence that the economics or governance have been independently verified in practice. Open Standard’s launch announcement outlines that intended model.
What the early snapshot cannot establish
The first-week figures do not establish OUSD’s current supply, current wallet distribution, actual customer count, current market depth, reserve composition or independent reserve attestation. They also do not settle regulatory permissions across jurisdictions. The numbers in this article describe Crystal Intelligence’s October 5, 2026 snapshot and its September 30–October 5 trading window; later balances and conditions may differ.
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