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Use cy.intercept() to watch or control HTTP requests made by the application in a Cypress test. Register the route before the action that sends the request, give it an alias, trigger the action, then use cy.wait('@alias') to inspect the request and response. Leave out a response handler to spy on real traffic; provide a response or call req.reply() to stub it.
Write the basic intercept-and-wait test
This example waits for the users request triggered by visiting the page, then checks the response status:
cy.intercept('GET', '/api/users').as('getUsers')
cy.visit('/users')
cy.wait('@getUsers').its('response.statusCode').should('eq', 200)The order matters: define the intercept before cy.visit() or other action that causes the request. Otherwise the application may send it before Cypress has registered the route. Adapt the method, URL, page action, and assertion to your application. See the Cypress cy.intercept() API reference and network requests guide.
Choose what the intercept should do
Spy on the real request
An intercept with no response handler observes matching application traffic and lets the request continue to the real server. Alias it and wait for it when you need to assert that the application sent the request or received the server response.
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cy.intercept('POST', '/api/orders').as('createOrder')
cy.get('[data-cy=submit-order]').click()
cy.wait('@createOrder').then(({ request, response }) => {
expect(request.body).to.have.property('items')
expect(response.statusCode).to.eq(201)
})Stub a response
Pass a string, body, fixture, or StaticResponse as the third argument to return controlled data to the application. A static response can set fields such as status code, headers, body, delay, throttling, or a forced network error.
cy.intercept('GET', '/api/users', {
statusCode: 200,
body: [{ id: 7, name: 'Avery' }]
}).as('getUsers')
cy.visit('/users')
cy.wait('@getUsers')
cy.contains('Avery').should('be.visible')Stubbing makes the response predictable and lets a test cover states that are difficult to produce on demand. It does not establish that the real server returns the stubbed data or that the endpoint works; keep appropriate end-to-end coverage against real responses. Cypress discusses this trade-off in its network requests guide.
Build a response dynamically
Use a route handler when the response depends on the request. Call req.reply() with the response you want the application to receive.
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cy.intercept('POST', '/api/search', (req) => {
if (req.body.term === 'known item') {
req.reply({ statusCode: 200, body: { results: ['Known Item'] } })
} else {
req.reply({ statusCode: 200, body: { results: [] } })
}
}).as('search')Inspect or modify a real exchange
Change request properties in the handler if needed, then call req.continue() to send the request to the server. Its optional callback can inspect the real response before it reaches the application. Calling req.reply() or req.continue() ends propagation to later matching handlers.
cy.intercept('GET', '/api/profile', (req) => {
req.headers['x-test-mode'] = 'enabled'
req.continue((res) => {
expect(res.statusCode).to.eq(200)
})
}).as('profile')Match the request you intend to intercept
cy.intercept() accepts a URL alone, a method and URL, or a RouteMatcher object. URL patterns can be exact strings, glob patterns, or regular expressions. When a string matcher is used, Cypress applies minimatch with matchBase: true. If you omit the method, the route can match requests using any HTTP method, so specify one when method ambiguity matters.
Use a RouteMatcher for several constraints
Matcher properties include method, hostname, path, pathname, query, headers, port, https, times, and middleware. Every property you set must match.
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cy.intercept({
method: 'GET',
pathname: '/api/users',
query: { role: 'admin' }
}).as('adminUsers')Use pathname when matching the path without query parameters; use path when the query string is part of the path being matched. Choose a glob or regular expression when the URL varies, such as across IDs or query values.
Handle repeated query parameters
A query matcher cannot compare all repeated values through one string. For repeated array-style parameters, match the URL with a regular expression or inspect all values in a route handler using URLSearchParams.getAll().
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const url = new URL(req.url)
const tags = url.searchParams.getAll('tag')
expect(tags).to.include('cypress')
}).as('tagSearch')Wait for the network event and assert on it
Call .as('name') on a route, then use cy.wait('@name') after the action that should trigger it. The wait yields an interception object containing request and response information. Assert only on the details the test needs, such as the request URL, body, or headers and the response status or body.
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cy.intercept('POST', '/api/orders').as('createOrder')
cy.get('[data-cy=submit-order]').click()
cy.wait('@createOrder').then((interception) => {
expect(interception.request.body.items).to.have.length(1)
expect(interception.response.statusCode).to.eq(201)
})For an action that triggers several independently relevant requests, Cypress also supports passing an array of aliases to cy.wait(). Prefer waiting on the request or requests the test actually depends on rather than sleeping for an arbitrary duration: the alias synchronizes the test with the network event itself.
Understand scope, cleanup, and route ordering
Only front-end application traffic is intercepted
Cypress states, “Cypress only intercepts requests made by your front-end application.” A request made with cy.request() originates in Cypress’s Node process, not as browser application traffic, so cy.intercept() does not observe it. For the distinction, see the Cypress FAQ.
Routes are reset between tests
Cypress clears intercept routes before each test. Register the routes within each test that needs them, or in a setup hook that runs for each such test; do not rely on an intercept remaining active from a previous test.
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Overlapping handlers have an order
Ordinary matching route handlers are processed in reverse definition order. Routes configured with middleware: true run first. If several handlers match the same request, account for this order—particularly when a handler calls req.reply() or req.continue(), which stops further propagation.
Troubleshoot an intercept that does not fire
- The request happened before registration: move
cy.intercept()before the visit, click, or other action that triggers it. - The method or URL does not match: check the actual method and full request URL in the Cypress Command Log, then adjust the matcher. Remember that omitting a method matches all methods, and that every configured RouteMatcher property must match.
- The call came from
cy.request(): this command sends traffic from Cypress’s Node process, outside the browser-application traffic thatcy.intercept()observes. Test the browser request instead, or assert on thecy.request()result directly. - A later handler appears to be ignored: inspect overlapping routes and their reverse definition order; check whether an earlier-in-execution middleware route runs first or a handler ends propagation with
req.reply()orreq.continue(). - The route worked in one test but not the next: intercepts are cleared before each test, so register the route again for each test that needs it.
Use the Cypress Command Log’s Routes display to inspect which routes were registered. Cypress documents changes to its native network interception behavior across versions; the guide notes that before Cypress 16, application requests used the legacy network path. Check the native network interception guide for version-specific details. The cited documentation does not establish a complete browser compatibility matrix, so verify behavior against the Cypress version and browser combination used by your project.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Can I use cy.intercept() to mock a failed network request?
Yes. A static response can force a network error; see the API reference for the supported response controls.
Can one cy.intercept() match more than one URL?
A glob or regular-expression URL matcher can cover a family of URLs; use a RouteMatcher when you need multiple constraints on a request.
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