The Tool Desk
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Install SingleFile CLI
SingleFile CLI is the command-line capture tool in the SingleFile project. Its official README documents several installation routes; choose one that suits how you manage software. The commands and setup details below come from the official SingleFile CLI repository. The project instructions are rolling, so check the repository and your installed version’s help for current compatibility details.
- Download an executable: use the downloadable executable documented by the project.
- Use npm/npx: install with
npm install "single-file-cli", then invoke the CLI withnpx single-file. - Use Docker: the project documents a Docker route for running the CLI.
- Install manually: manual installation from an archive or Git checkout requires Deno.
Follow the repository’s installation instructions for the route you choose. The CLI captures pages through a browser, so completing the CLI installation alone may not be enough.
Check the browser setup
SingleFile CLI uses a headless browser to load and capture the page. The project expects Chrome or a Chromium-based browser in its default folder. If your browser executable is elsewhere, specify its location with --browser-executable-path.
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Chrome/Chromium is the default browser engine. Firefox can be selected with --browser-engine firefox; consult the installed CLI’s help for Firefox limitations. The project describes using Chrome DevTools Protocol for Chrome and WebDriver BiDi for Firefox.
Save one webpage as an HTML file
- Choose a page URL that you can access from the browser environment running the command.
- Choose an output path for the saved HTML file.
- Run the command:
single-file https://www.wikipedia.org wikipedia.html - Check the result at the named output path. Replace the example URL and filename with your target and preferred destination.
The basic form is single-file <url> [output] [options ...]. The output argument is optional. To write the captured HTML to standard output instead of naming a file, use:
single-file https://www.wikipedia.org --dump-content
SingleFile’s parent project describes its aim as saving a complete webpage into a single HTML file. That does not guarantee every site or interactive feature will be reproduced perfectly: results depend on the page, its loading behavior, access requirements, and browser setup.
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Save a page that requires sign-in
For a page that requires authentication, the documented workflow is to create a browser profile, sign in interactively, and then reuse that profile for capture.
- Create the profile and open the sign-in page:
single-file --create-browser-profile ./profiles/example https://www.example.com/login - Sign in in the browser window that opens, then exit the browser so the profile is saved.
- Capture the protected page using that profile:
single-file https://www.example.com/account account.html --browser-profile=./profiles/example
The project says the profile is copied and left unmodified during reuse. Keep the profile directory available to the process and protect it as you would other browser data that may contain authenticated session information.
Capture a list of URLs or crawl links
Process a URL list
Put one URL per entry in a file such as list-urls.txt, then pass it to the CLI:
single-file --urls-file=list-urls.txt
Use the installed version’s help for any additional output or batch options you need.
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Crawl internal links to a limited depth
The repository gives this example for crawling internal links to depth 1:
single-file https://www.example.com --crawl-links=true --crawl-inner-links-only=true --crawl-max-depth=1
A one-page capture does not archive a whole site. Crawling is a separate, configurable operation: the CLI also documents rewrite rules, external-link crawling, and an archive option that marks links that were not archived. Review the CLI help before using those options so the crawl scope matches your intent.
Choose the right capture route
| Need | Use | What to expect |
|---|---|---|
| Save one accessible page | URL plus output filename | Captures a single page as an HTML file. |
| Save the HTML to a pipeline or terminal output | --dump-content |
Writes captured HTML to standard output. |
| Capture pages behind sign-in | Create and reuse a browser profile | Complete sign-in interactively before the capture. |
| Capture a known set of pages | --urls-file |
Processes the URLs in a list file. |
| Follow links from a page | Crawl options | Configure depth and whether crawling is limited to internal links. |
Understand exit codes and failed captures
The CLI documents these exit codes:
0: all pages were saved.1: at least one capture failed, while other pages in a batch or crawl were still saved.255: an error prevented the process from running.
For a batch that exits with 1, check the individual outputs rather than treating the whole run as a total failure. For 255, first check whether the command can start and whether its browser setup and options are valid.
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Troubleshoot common problems
The command cannot find or start a browser
Confirm that Chrome or a Chromium-based browser is installed in the expected default folder. If it is installed elsewhere, set --browser-executable-path to its executable. If using Firefox, explicitly select it with --browser-engine firefox and check the CLI help for limitations.
A protected page saves as a login screen or access-denied page
Use the browser-profile workflow: create a profile with the login URL, complete sign-in in the opened browser, exit to save, then pass the profile with --browser-profile=./profiles/example. A command run without the authenticated profile does not inherit your normal browser’s signed-in session.
Some pages in a batch are missing
Check the exit code and inspect which outputs were created. Exit code 1 means some pages failed but other pages were saved. Verify that each URL is reachable in the browser environment and that the URL-list file contains the intended entries.
The capture does not include expected content or behavior
SingleFile captures a page through a browser; a site’s dynamic content, access controls, or loading behavior can affect what is present at capture time. The project does not guarantee perfect reproduction for every website. Check the target page in the same browser environment and consult single-file --help for the installed version’s available options.
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The options do not match examples
Run single-file --help. The official README is rolling documentation, and available options or compatibility details should be verified against the version you installed.
Or skip the browser setup
If you need a rendered screenshot or PDF rather than a self-contained HTML archive, ScreenshotNeo can capture a URL through one GET request. See the ScreenshotNeo API documentation for options.
curl -G "https://api.screenshotneo.com/v1/shot" -d access_key=YOUR_API_KEY --data-urlencode url=https://www.wikipedia.org -o shot.webp
ScreenshotNeo accepts cookie and consent banners and removes more than 60 known consent platforms, newsletter popups, and chat widgets before capture; each of those steps can be turned off. Bot checks/CAPTCHAs, blank pages, timeouts, failed loads, and cache hits are not billed, and the response identifies the page verdict and billing status in headers. It also offers an MCP server for AI agents, including Claude, Cursor, and other MCP clients. The Free plan includes 1,000 screenshots per month with no card; paid plans start at $5 for 3,000 screenshots.
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License note
The SingleFile CLI repository identifies its license as AGPL and directs commercial-service or product licensing inquiries to the maintainer. For a particular use, consult the license text and seek appropriate legal advice rather than inferring a legal conclusion from that summary.
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