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Install Ubuntu’s tftpd-hpa package, check that tftpd-hpa.service is running, and serve only the files you intend clients to access. Ubuntu’s server guide uses /srv/tftp as its example TFTP root. TFTP does not authenticate clients, so restrict access to a trusted network. If your goal is PXE boot, you will also need DHCP/network configuration and bootloader files; TFTP alone is not enough.

Choose the right setup

A TFTP server can make files available to network clients. For ordinary file transfers, you need the server and a controlled directory of files. For PXE boot, TFTP is only the file-delivery component: clients also need suitable network boot settings, DHCP configuration, and bootloader-related files.

Ubuntu’s netboot guide describes a particular network setup, including DHCP and bootloader configuration. Adapt those settings to your LAN and whether client machines use BIOS or UEFI; do not assume the guide’s network assumptions match an existing network. If your LAN already has a DHCP server, avoid introducing a second one unless you understand how to prevent conflicting DHCP offers. Ubuntu’s amd64 netboot guide covers its example end-to-end boot flow.

Install tftpd-hpa and check the service

Ubuntu’s server guide installs tftpd-hpa with APT and checks the service under the name tftpd-hpa.service. The Noble package index also lists tftpd-hpa as a provider of the virtual tftp-server package.

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  1. Refresh the package index and install the server:

    sudo apt update
    sudo apt install tftpd-hpa
  2. Check whether the service is active:

    sudo systemctl status tftpd-hpa.service

    Ubuntu’s guide expects the service to be active and running. If it is not, inspect the status output and service logs before changing configuration.

These steps install and check the TFTP service; they do not configure DHCP or make a machine PXE-bootable. Ubuntu’s Noble package index identifies the package relationship.

Choose and populate a TFTP root

Ubuntu’s netboot example uses /srv/tftp as the directory from which files are served. Treat that as the guide’s example root, not a guarantee that every installation uses an identical configuration. Before putting files there, confirm which directory the installed service is configured to serve.

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  1. Inspect the installed package’s current configuration and documentation. In particular, check the local man in.tftpd documentation and package configuration before relying on specific flags or defaults.

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  2. Use a dedicated directory for TFTP content, such as the guide’s /srv/tftp example, and put only files intended for network clients in it.

  3. Set permissions so the service can read the files it needs, without making the root broadly writable. Add write access only if your specific use case requires uploads, and limit that access carefully.

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  4. From a client on the intended network, test retrieving a known file. If uploads are part of your design, test them separately and verify that clients cannot write outside the intended area.

The exact default root, service flags, and configuration-file contents for a fresh Ubuntu 24.04 installation are not established here. Check the installed Noble package rather than copying settings written for another release.

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Secure access to the server

TFTP has no client authentication: clients do not need a server account or password to request files. This makes network scope and directory permissions important. The Ubuntu tftpd manpage describes controls including file permissions, directory restrictions, a --secure chroot option, use of a low-privilege account, and packet-filter or firewall controls. That manpage is for a newer Ubuntu release, so confirm the options supported by the locally installed Noble version before using exact flags.

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  • Serve only the files clients need; do not expose sensitive files through the TFTP root.

  • Do not expose a broadly writable TFTP directory to an untrusted network.

  • Limit network reachability with the host firewall or other packet filtering appropriate to your environment.

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  • Use the installed package’s documentation to confirm its user, root directory, and security options before changing service settings.

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What else is required for PXE boot?

For PXE, clients need to discover where to boot from as well as retrieve boot files. Ubuntu’s example configures network boot information through DHCP, serves bootloader configuration and files, and then has the bootloader fetch the kernel and ramdisk. The appropriate DHCP options and boot files depend on your network and client firmware mode.

Plan the pieces separately: keep the existing DHCP service in control unless you intentionally configure another arrangement, ensure it directs booting clients to the appropriate network boot service, and place the required boot files under the configured TFTP root. Follow Ubuntu’s netboot procedure for its documented amd64 installer example rather than treating a successful TFTP service check as proof that PXE is ready.

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