Start with the robot’s category and intended use, then check whether a relevant safety standard applies and whether the manufacturer can show evidence for the exact model and configuration. Look for assessment of contact, movement, sensing, electrical and charging hazards, plus clear installation and maintenance instructions. A standard’s name—or a general claim that a robot was “tested”—does not establish that the specific product or every household situation was evaluated.
First, identify what kind of robot you are evaluating
“Home robot” is not one safety category. A mobile assistant, person carrier, robotic toy and automatic vacuum can fall under different standards, scopes or exclusions. Identify the robot’s task, how it moves or interacts, where it will be used, and who or what may encounter it—including children and pets.
Two standards in particular have different scopes:
| Standard or category | What its scope indicates | What to verify |
|---|---|---|
| ISO 13482:2014 | Requirements and guidance for specified earthbound personal care robots, including mobile servant robots, physical assistant robots and person carrier robots. It addresses inherently safe design, protective measures and information for use. | Whether the robot’s type and intended use fit the scope. The standard excludes categories including robot toys, medical devices, flying or water-borne robots, and robots travelling faster than 20 km/h. ISO’s catalogue says the 2014 edition was reviewed and confirmed in 2020 and remains current. |
| ANSI/CAN/UL 3300 | Safety requirements for service, communication, information, education and entertainment (SCIEE) robots intended for use by or in close proximity to consumers. It supplements applicable non-robotic product safety standards. | Whether this product and use are within scope and whether other end-product standards also apply. The listing excludes, among other uses, medical and care-facility applications, portable battery-operated automatic vacuums covered by UL 1017, and toys governed by UL 696 and/or ASTM F963. |
Do not assume that one standard covers every product marketed as a robot. ISO 13482’s scope is primarily about hazards related to human care, but it says domestic animals and property can be included as safety-related objects where appropriate under intended or reasonably foreseeable use. That does not amount to a certification of a particular robot’s behavior around a particular pet.
For help applying ISO 13482, ISO/TR 23482-2:2019 provides application guidance and examples concerning close human-robot interaction and contact.
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Ask for evidence tied to the exact model
Ask the manufacturer to identify the standard and edition used, explain why it applies to this product, and provide a test-report summary or certification record. The record should name the model and tested configuration, the evaluator, the hazards assessed, test conditions and any limitations. Ask whether the evaluation included the robot, battery, charger and dock, or only some of those components.
A statement such as “tested to a safety standard” leaves important details unanswered: it does not by itself show which model was tested, whether the standard’s scope fits the product, or what hazards and operating conditions were covered. If the manufacturer cannot provide specifics, treat the claim as unverified rather than as evidence of safety.
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UL Solutions describes testing and certification services for consumer and commercial robots, including services related to UL 3300 and ISO 13482. That service information is not evidence that any particular robot has been assessed. OSHA added UL 3300 to the NRTL Program’s List of Appropriate Test Standards on December 31, 2025, for SCIEE robots in commercial and enterprise environments; this does not establish a blanket legal requirement for consumer home use.
Check the hazards and conditions that matter at home
Use the manufacturer’s documentation and any available evaluation record to check the following. These are questions to ask about a specific product, not claims that a particular robot passed these checks.
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- Contact and movement: Are speed, mass, stability, stopping or protective controls, pinch points, entrapment locations and foreseeable physical contact addressed? Consider how the robot behaves near people who may approach, cross its path or interact with it.
- Obstacles and sensing: What obstacle shapes, colors and positions were considered? What lighting, floors, clutter, moisture or other conditions can interfere with sensing or movement? Ask what the robot does when a sensor is blocked, dirty or unable to detect an obstacle.
- People and pets: Does the manual set out supervision or separation requirements? Consider ordinary household paths, low or unusual obstacles, and animals that may approach, retreat or move unpredictably. A standard’s scope does not establish that every such interaction was tested.
- Electrical, battery and fire hazards: Check which safety requirements apply to the robot, battery, charger and dock, and whether the evidence covers each relevant component. UL’s robot-services description includes battery and charger safety testing, but it does not report an assessment of a particular product.
- Installation and upkeep: Read the requirements for setup, inspection, cleaning, maintenance and software updates. Find out which faults or operating conditions require stopping the robot or removing it from service.
Pay attention to the test conditions—not just the standard name
The UL 3300 listing reports an August 14, 2026 revision. Among the described changes are obstacle tests aligned with ISO 18646-2, changes to stability tests, clarifications about moisture and conditions that can occlude or block sensors, and additional manufacturer verification and validation cases for variations in obstacle shape and color, travel around humans, and robots using AI in safety functions.
Those changes make the test conditions worth asking about, especially if a product relies on sensors or AI for safety functions. They do not establish that any particular robot was evaluated under the revised edition. Ask which edition the evidence names and whether the manufacturer’s verification addresses the conditions relevant to the robot’s intended home environment.
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Use a practical evaluation sequence
- Describe the use: Write down what the robot does, whether it moves or manipulates objects, where it will operate, and who or what may be nearby.
- Check scope and exclusions: Ask the manufacturer which standard and edition apply to this exact product, why they fit its category and use, and whether another product standard applies.
- Request product-specific evidence: Confirm the model and configuration, evaluator, hazards covered, test conditions and limitations in a report summary or certification record.
- Compare the evidence with your home: Check whether the evaluated or documented conditions address likely obstacles, people and pets, sensor limitations, installation and upkeep.
- Follow the manual during use: Install, maintain and update the robot as instructed. As a cautious household measure, start with a supervised operation in the intended area and observe its behavior under ordinary conditions. A pet gate may help keep an animal in a separate area during that trial, but it is an optional separation aid—not a robot safety control or proof of safe design.
How to compare two safety claims
Compare claims on two separate axes rather than treating a standard name as a pass/fail verdict:
- Scope fit: Does the named standard match the robot’s task, product category, users and intended environment? Are exclusions and complementary product standards addressed?
- Evidence coverage: Does product-specific evidence identify the model and edition and explain how relevant hazards and conditions were assessed—including human interaction, obstacle variation, protective measures, sensing limits, installation and maintenance?
A stronger, more specific record supports a better-informed comparison. It still cannot guarantee that every home, person or animal interaction has been covered.
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What the available safety information does—and does not—show
A CPSC staff letter dated April 2, 2025 says UL 3300:2024 includes performance requirements and test methods addressing potential hazards such as crushing forces or entrapments with humans. The letter notes that toy robots are outside UL 3300’s scope and describes staff concern about children’s physical interactions with robotic toys. The letter expressly states that the views are those of staff and do not necessarily represent the Commission; it is not a final Commission finding or a quantified injury report. Read the CPSC staff letter.
The CPSC voluntary-standards page lists UL 3300 as a potential voluntary standard for SCIEE robots. That listing is not a consumer safety endorsement. The cited sources do not establish an applicable injury rate or assess any named home robot, certificate or household. For a product-specific decision, check the current standard edition and the manufacturer’s product evidence.
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