First check your openSUSE Leap release: the setup is not the same across versions. For Leap 15.6, the documented option is the Transactional Server role, selected during installation. The openSUSE project describes Leap 16.1 as the first Leap release with a separately named Immutable Mode, also selected in the installer. The available instructions do not describe a supported way to convert an existing standard installation in place.
Choose the instructions for your Leap release
| Release | Installer choice | Documented update command | What to know |
|---|---|---|---|
| Leap 15.6 | Transactional Server role | transactional-update up |
Intended as a server role with a read-only root filesystem and transactional updates. The release notes also document transactional package install and removal commands. |
| Leap 16.1 | Immutable Mode | sudo transactional-update dup, then sudo reboot |
The project’s example appears in a post about Leap 16.1 RC. Confirm the final release’s installer wording and release-specific update instructions before applying it. |
These commands are not interchangeable universal instructions. The transactional-update configuration documentation describes up for regular releases such as Leap and dup for rolling releases; a Leap 16.0 manual identifies dup as its default, while the Leap 16.1 project post gives dup as its example. Use the documentation for your exact Leap release and role rather than substituting one command for another.
How to select the option during installation
Leap 15.6: Transactional Server
- Start the Leap 15.6 installer.
- At the system-role selection step, choose Transactional Server if you want the documented server configuration with a read-only root filesystem and transactional updates.
- Complete installation. The Leap 15.6 release notes describe this as an installation-time role choice.
Leap 16.1: Immutable Mode
- Boot the usual Leap 16.1 installation image.
- In the installer, select Immutable Mode, following the project’s Leap 16.1 Immutable Mode instructions.
- Complete installation. Because that project post discusses the release-candidate context, verify the final release’s current installer label and guidance if you are installing a later build.
If Leap is already installed in a standard configuration, the cited instructions do not provide an in-place conversion procedure. They describe selecting the role or mode in the installer, so do not treat immutable operation as a toggle you can simply enable on an existing installation.
Update Leap 15.6 Transactional Server
For the Leap 15.6 Transactional Server role, the release notes direct users to transactional-update rather than YaST or Zypper for software management. YaST performs immediate changes and cannot edit a read-only filesystem, so it is not supported for this transactional workflow.
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- Install available updates:
transactional-update up - Install a package:
transactional-update pkg in PACKAGE_NAME - Remove a package:
transactional-update pkg rm PACKAGE_NAME
Replace PACKAGE_NAME with the package name you intend to install or remove. These commands are the ones listed for Leap 15.6 Transactional Server in the release notes; do not assume that the same command choices apply to another Leap version.
Update Leap 16.1 Immutable Mode
The openSUSE project’s Leap 16.1 example is:
- Run
sudo transactional-update dup. - When the transaction has completed, run
sudo rebootto start using the updated system snapshot.
That example is tied to the project’s Leap 16.1 RC post. Since the transactional-update documentation describes different command conventions by release type, consult the instructions shipped for your exact Leap 16.1 build if they differ from the example.
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Why updates need a reboot, and what rollback covers
transactional-update uses Btrfs snapshots alongside the distribution’s package-management tools. It prepares changes separately from the system currently running; rebooting activates the changed snapshot. Until you reboot, the running system has not switched to the updated snapshot. The Leap 15.6 manual also documents returning to an earlier root snapshot through rollback. That is a snapshot-level recovery mechanism, not a promise to undo arbitrary changes made outside the relevant system snapshot. See the Leap 15.6 transactional updates manual for the snapshot behavior.
Automatic updates and rebooting on Leap 15.6
The Leap 15.6 release notes say Transactional Server runs a daily update by default and reboots between 03:30 and 05:00. This schedule is specific to that role, not a general default for every Leap system. The notes say the systemd-based mechanisms can be disabled if necessary; consult the release notes for the relevant configuration details before changing them.
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