Build a React weather app by turning a searched place into coordinates, requesting only the forecast data you need, and rendering clear loading, error, no-results, and success states. This tutorial uses Open-Meteo for geocoding and forecasts, with a React Effect for a small client-rendered example.
Plan the app’s data flow
A city name is not a forecast location by itself. The app needs to look up the name, let the user select the right match, and then request weather for that match’s latitude and longitude.
- Accept a city or postal code through a labeled search field.
- Look up matching places and show enough context—such as region and country—to distinguish similar names.
- Request a forecast for the selected coordinates.
- Present the requested weather fields, with their units and relevant local times.
Keep the location query, selected place, forecast, loading state, and error state distinct in your React state. A beginner can keep the first implementation in one component, but separate lookup, fetching, and presentation as the app grows.
Choose the weather data and provider carefully
This example uses Open-Meteo’s geocoding and forecast APIs. Its forecast endpoint accepts WGS84 latitude and longitude, lets you select current and hourly variables, and supports timezone and unit choices. It returns seven forecast days by default; a request can extend the horizon to sixteen days. The returned forecast-grid coordinates may be a few kilometres from the coordinates you requested, so do not imply that every forecast is measured at the exact address or point entered. See the Weather Forecast API documentation.
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Ask for only the fields the interface will display. For example, a compact card might request current temperature and weather code, plus hourly temperature for a short outlook. Choose units deliberately and show them beside the values. Set a timezone that makes displayed forecast times meaningful to the user; formatting timestamps in the selected location’s timezone avoids presenting times without context.
Check the provider’s terms before deploying. Open-Meteo describes its free API access as non-commercial and its data as CC BY 4.0; commercial use requires checking the provider’s current offering and terms. Its project README is a starting point for those terms. Do not assume free access is permitted for a commercial app.
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Build location search with geocoding
Use Open-Meteo’s geocoding endpoint to convert a city or postal code into candidate places and coordinates. Its matching behavior is relevant to the search experience: two-character terms use exact matching, while terms of three or more characters use normalized prefix matching. Empty and one-character queries return no results. You can also supply a country-code filter. The Geocoding API documentation describes the endpoint and returned place information.
Render matches as selectable results rather than silently picking the first one. A result label should include available administrative area and country information, so a user can tell apart places with the same name. If the API returns an empty list, show a useful “No matching places” message instead of treating it as a network failure.
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Request a forecast for the selected place
After selection, build a forecast request from the candidate’s latitude and longitude. Construct query parameters with URLSearchParams rather than concatenating raw search text into a URL. This illustrative request shape asks for current temperature and weather code plus hourly temperature:
const params = new URLSearchParams({
latitude: String(place.latitude),
longitude: String(place.longitude),
current: "temperature_2m,weather_code",
hourly: "temperature_2m",
temperature_unit: "celsius",
timezone: "auto"
});
const response = await fetch(
`https://api.open-meteo.com/v1/forecast?${params}`
);
if (!response.ok) {
throw new Error(`Forecast request failed (${response.status})`);
}
const data = await response.json();Use only variables supported by the endpoint and required by your screen; the complete parameter options are in the forecast documentation. Map the response into a smaller UI-friendly object before rendering, so display components do not need to understand the API’s full response shape.
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Represent loading, empty, error, and success states
fetch() does not reject merely because a server returned an HTTP error status such as 404. Check response.ok before treating parsed JSON as a successful response; MDN’s Fetch API guide explains this behavior.
- Loading: Tell the user that the app is searching or retrieving the forecast, and prevent confusing duplicate submissions if needed.
- No matches: Explain that no place matched the query and invite the user to try a fuller city name or postal code.
- Error: Distinguish a failed request from an empty search result. Offer a retry without discarding the query.
- Success: Show data only after both the lookup and forecast request have succeeded.
Reset or update state intentionally when a new search starts. Otherwise, a previous city’s forecast can remain on screen while the app appears to be showing the new one.
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Prevent an older search from replacing a newer one
Two requests can finish in a different order from the order in which the user started them. React’s useEffect documentation demonstrates cleanup or ignore logic so a late response does not overwrite the result for a more recent selection. Include every reactive value used by an Effect in its dependency list. Effects run only on the client. See React’s useEffect reference.
For a small client-rendered lesson, fetching in an Effect can make the asynchronous flow easy to see. For an app that needs server rendering, caching, request deduplication, or more involved loading and error behavior, direct Effect fetching brings trade-offs; React recommends using a framework’s built-in data fetching or considering a client cache such as TanStack Query, SWR, or React Router’s data APIs.
Add “Use my location” without removing search
Geolocation can be a shortcut, not the only way to choose a location. A button can call the browser’s getCurrentPosition() method and send the resulting coordinates to the same forecast function used after manual place selection. The browser requires a secure context (HTTPS) and the user’s permission; Permissions Policy can also block access. Keep city and postal-code search available if permission is denied or location access is unavailable. See MDN’s getCurrentPosition() documentation.
Make the finished screen usable
- Give the search input a programmatic label, and make Enter submit the form using a real form and submit button.
- Show temperature and wind units next to measurements instead of relying on a user to infer them.
- Format forecast times for the selected location’s timezone.
- Explain where the weather data comes from and provide appropriate attribution under the provider’s current terms.
- Keep manual search usable even when optional geolocation is denied.
These details make the data understandable: a number without a unit, timestamp context, or source is not a complete weather display.
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