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Polymarket CLOB authentication has two distinct API layers, followed by a separate order-signing step: your wallet signs an EIP-712 message to create or derive API credentials (L1); those credentials authenticate private API requests with an HMAC-SHA256 signature (L2); and an order payload still needs its own signature. Keeping these steps separate prevents a valid request signature from being mistaken for authorization of an order.
How Polymarket CLOB authentication works
This guide covers the Polymarket Central Limit Order Book (CLOB) API. It does not establish authentication behavior for every other Polymarket API. The documented flow has three separate parts:
- L1 wallet authentication: Sign a typed message with the wallet to create or derive CLOB API credentials.
- L2 request authentication: Use the API credentials to sign private API requests with HMAC-SHA256 and send the required authentication headers.
- Order signing: When creating a user order, sign the order payload as well. L2 request authentication does not replace this step.
Polymarket recommends its Python or TypeScript CLOB clients for signing and authentication; direct REST requests are also documented for developers implementing those steps themselves. Polymarket’s CLOB authentication guide describes the authentication flow.
Step 1: Use your wallet to create or derive API credentials
L1 uses your wallet’s private key to sign an EIP-712 message in the ClobAuthDomain. The documented domain has version 1 and includes a chain ID; Polymarket’s example uses Polygon chain ID 137. The example ClobAuth typed data includes the signing address, a timestamp string, a uint256 nonce, and the message: “This message attests that I control the given wallet.” These are the documented example values and structure, not a guarantee that every wallet or account configuration is identical. Polymarket’s authentication guide provides the example.
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For direct REST authentication, Polymarket documents these L1 headers:
| Header | What it carries |
|---|---|
POLY_ADDRESS |
The signer’s wallet address. |
POLY_SIGNATURE |
The wallet’s CLOB EIP-712 signature. |
POLY_TIMESTAMP |
A Unix timestamp. |
POLY_NONCE |
The nonce; the documented default is 0. |
Use one of the documented routes to obtain credentials:
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POST {clob-endpoint}/auth/api-keycreates API credentials.GET {clob-endpoint}/auth/derive-api-keyderives API credentials.
The credential response contains an API key, secret, and passphrase. Keep all three available for L2 requests; they serve different parts of that authentication scheme. The guide lists both routes and the credential fields. See the official authentication documentation.
Step 2: Sign private API requests with L2 credentials
For L2, the API secret is used to generate an HMAC-SHA256 request signature. The API key and passphrase are also sent as headers. Polymarket documents these five L2 headers:
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| Header | Role |
|---|---|
POLY_ADDRESS |
Identifies the wallet address. |
POLY_SIGNATURE |
Carries the HMAC-SHA256 request signature. |
POLY_TIMESTAMP |
Carries the request timestamp. |
POLY_API_KEY |
Carries the API key obtained through L1. |
POLY_PASSPHRASE |
Carries the passphrase obtained through L1. |
The documentation identifies posting, viewing, and cancelling orders and retrieving trades as examples of private operations. Use the Python or TypeScript CLOB client if you want the supported library to handle authentication and signing; with direct REST, you are responsible for constructing the request and its signature according to the current API documentation. The CLOB authentication guide describes L2, and Polymarket’s CLOB quickstart points developers to its clients.
Step 3: Sign an order separately
An L2 signature authenticates a private API request; it does not, by itself, sign or authorize the order payload. Polymarket’s guide states that creating user orders still requires the user to sign the order. Treat request authentication and order signing as separate requirements in the trade flow: a request may have the necessary L2 headers and still need a valid order signature. The official guide explains this distinction.
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Choose a client library or direct REST
Polymarket documents two implementation paths. The choice is about how you want to manage the integration, not a documented performance or security ranking.
| Approach | What to weigh |
|---|---|
| Python or TypeScript CLOB client | Signing and authentication are handled through the supplied client, reducing the signing code you maintain directly. Check the documentation and version for the client you use. |
| Direct REST | You control request construction, but must implement and maintain the documented signing and authentication details yourself as the API evolves. |
Polymarket recommends its clients where practical and documents direct REST routes for developers who choose to implement the flow themselves. The documentation does not establish that either path is faster, safer, or more reliable in every setup. Review the CLOB quickstart and authentication guide alongside the version of the client you install.
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Protect the wallet key and API credentials
The wallet private key used for L1 signing is sensitive. Polymarket’s developer documentation says, “Never commit private keys to version control,” and recommends environment variables or secure key-management systems. Do not place real private keys, API secrets, or passphrases in code examples, logs, screenshots, or repository snippets. See Polymarket’s key-handling guidance.
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