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To make an AngularJS modal addressable by URL and browser history, model it as a UI-Router state nested under the page that stays visible behind it. Put the modal shell in a named view, then make view and edit modes child states that target that view. With URLs such as /2 and /2/edit, users can open, bookmark, reload, and navigate between modal states directly.

How stateful modals work

UI-Router states can be nested: a child state renders into a ui-view owned by its parent, while the parent state can remain active. That makes a modal state a natural fit for a page that should remain visible behind the dialog. The [UI-Router guide to states](https://ui-router.github.io/guide/states) describes state properties such as name, views, url, params, and resolve, and explains the parent-child state tree.

Use a URL-less abstract parent for the modal shell and child states for each meaningful modal mode. The list remains active; the child state changes the content in the modal’s named outlet. This differs from a controller-only modal, which is often simpler for a transient prompt but is not inherently represented in the route.

Configure the modal shell and its child states

The following AngularJS example uses ui-bootstrap for the modal presentation and UI-Router for URL and state handling. The named outlet in the shell is modalContent; the child states target the outlet using modalContent@.

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angular.module('app', ['ui.router', 'ui.bootstrap'])
.config(function ($stateProvider, $urlRouterProvider) {
  $urlRouterProvider.otherwise('/');

  $stateProvider
    .state('list', {
      url: '/',
      templateUrl: 'list.html'
    })
    .state('modal', {
      abstract: true,
      parent: 'list',
      views: {
        'modal@': {
          template: '<div ui-view="modalContent"></div>'
        }
      }
    })
    .state('modal.view', {
      url: ':id',
      views: {
        'modalContent@': {
          templateUrl: 'view.html',
          controller: function ($scope, pony) { $scope.pony = pony; },
          resolve: {
            pony: function ($stateParams, Ponies) {
              return Ponies.get($stateParams.id);
            }
          }
        }
      }
    })
    .state('modal.edit', {
      url: ':id/edit',
      views: {
        'modalContent@': {
          templateUrl: 'edit.html',
          controller: function ($scope, pony) { $scope.pony = pony; },
          resolve: {
            pony: function ($stateParams, Ponies) {
              return Ponies.get($stateParams.id);
            }
          }
        }
      }
    });
});

Place a ui-view="modal" outlet in the active list page’s DOM; the modal parent view renders there and supplies its nested modalContent outlet. Outlet names and targets must match the actual DOM and state hierarchy in your application. The modal@ target addresses the modal outlet at the root view context, while modalContent@ addresses the nested content outlet; change these names if your layout uses different view contexts.

Load the record before showing the modal

A resolve is an injectable dependency for a state. It can return a value or a promise; when it returns a promise, UI-Router waits for it before entering the state. If that promise rejects, the transition is aborted rather than entering the state with an unresolved dependency. See the [state declaration guide](https://ui-router.github.io/guide/state) and [resolve API documentation](https://ui-router.github.io/docs/latest/interfaces/transition.transitionservice.html).

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In the example, both child states use the URL’s id to fetch the record. Their controllers receive pony after the resolve completes, so the modal template does not initially render with an undefined record. Handle missing records and request failures in the application’s transition error handling or UI; a resolve does not itself define the user-facing error experience.

For AngularJS 1.5 components, UI-Router can bind a resolved value to a component input when the resolve name matches the input name. That can avoid assigning resolved data through $scope; see the [UI-Router component guide](https://ui-router.github.io/guide/ng1/route-to-component).

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Open, switch, and close modal states

Open a record in view mode

From a list item, use ui-sref="modal.view({id: item.id})", or call $state.go('modal.view', {id: item.id}). UI-Router matches the supplied ID to the child state’s URL parameter.

Switch to edit mode

Use ui-sref="modal.edit({id: item.id})" or call $state.go('modal.edit', {id: item.id}) to move to the sibling edit state. The list parent remains active while the modal content changes. UI-Router’s $state.go supports absolute and relative state targets and, by default, inherits unspecified parameters; see the [state service API](https://ui-router.github.io/docs/latest/classes/state.stateservice.html).

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Close the modal

Transition to the list state with $state.go('list'), or target the appropriate parent state for your application. Since view and edit are URL-bearing child states, browser back and forward navigation can move between those modal states and the surrounding route history.

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Deep links and browser history

In this state arrangement, the view and edit child URLs resolve beneath the list route: a record can be opened at /2 and edited at /2/edit. The published [AngularJS UI-Router modal example](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/28657547/angular-ui-router-modal) demonstrates this pattern, including a direct visit to /2/edit that shows the list with the edit modal open. Direct loading depends on the application server serving the AngularJS app for these routes; UI-Router can interpret the URL once the app has loaded.

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When to use a stateful modal

Consideration Stateful UI-Router modal Controller-only modal
Deep linking Modal modes can be represented by URLs and opened directly. A boolean open/closed state is generally not addressable by URL.
Browser history State transitions participate in back and forward navigation. History behavior is not automatic; it depends on additional routing logic.
Data readiness Resolves can delay state entry until required data is available. Loading behavior is managed by the modal implementation.
Separation from background content Named views keep modal content separate from the active list view. Content and lifecycle depend on how the controller and modal are wired.
Configuration effort Requires route, view, and transition configuration; useful when modal modes are meaningful application states. Often simpler for temporary prompts or confirmations that do not need a route.

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