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In Photoshop desktop, open Image > Image Size, select Resample if you need to change the image’s pixel dimensions, then choose an option from the Resample menu. For ordinary resizing, Automatic is a reasonable starting point; choose a specific method when the image or resize direction calls for it.
Change the interpolation setting in Photoshop
- Open the Image Size dialog: choose Image > Image Size.
- Decide whether pixel dimensions should change: select Resample to have Photoshop add or remove pixels as needed. Leave it unchecked if you only want to change the relationship between print size and resolution.
- Set the dimensions: with Resample enabled, enter the target width and height. Keep the proportions linked if the image should not stretch or compress.
- Choose an interpolation method: select a method from the Resample dropdown, or leave Automatic selected.
- Apply the change: select OK, then inspect the image at its intended output size.
Adobe’s current desktop instructions describe this workflow in its image resizing guide and pixel-dimension steps. Adobe warns that unlinked width and height values can distort the image.
Which resampling option should you use?
Adobe describes these options by their intended use; none is established as the best choice for every image. Start with the option suited to the image and resize direction, then judge the result at the size it will actually be viewed or printed.
| Situation | Resample option | What to expect |
|---|---|---|
| General resizing without a specific preference | Automatic | Photoshop chooses a method based on the document type and whether you are enlarging or reducing. |
| Enlarging a photograph or other continuous-tone image | Preserve Details 2.0 | Designed to preserve sharp edges and fine detail while reducing artifacts; includes a Reduce Noise slider. |
| Enlarging with the earlier Preserve Details behavior | Preserve Details (enlargement) | The earlier version of Preserve Details 2.0. |
| Enlarging when smoother transitions are preferred | Bicubic Smoother (enlargement) | Designed to create smooth transitions with minimal jagged edges. |
| Reducing image dimensions | Bicubic Sharper (reduction) | Intended to help maintain sharpness during reduction. If sharpening looks excessive, compare the result with Bicubic. |
| General tonal transitions | Bicubic (smooth gradients) | A general-purpose option suited to tonal transitions. |
| Pixel art or hard-edged graphics | Nearest Neighbor (hard edges) | Preserves crisp, hard edges and a blocky appearance. |
| A simple resize where a softer result is acceptable | Bilinear | A simple method that can produce softer results. |
These descriptions reflect Adobe’s resampling option guidance, not a guarantee of a particular result. Inspect for softness, artifacts, or excessive sharpening in the image you are resizing.
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Resampling, pixel dimensions, and print resolution
Pixel dimensions describe the image’s actual pixel data, such as 3000 × 2000 pixels. Adobe’s example contains 6 million pixels. Resolution describes pixel density for physical output, commonly in pixels per inch (PPI) or pixels per centimeter. Physical size is the printed width and height; it depends on pixel dimensions divided by resolution.
With Resample off, Photoshop keeps the pixel dimensions fixed. Changing resolution changes the corresponding print size. With Resample on, Photoshop recalculates the pixels to meet the dimensions and resolution you set. Adobe explains these relationships in its guide to image size, resolution, and resampling.
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For screen images, set the pixel dimensions you need
For a screen-delivery target, the pixel width and height are usually the relevant values. Adobe notes that the same 1000 × 1000-pixel image appears the same on screen at 72 PPI or 300 PPI, assuming the pixel data and viewing conditions are unchanged. Its general guidance of 72–96 PPI for screen is an orientation, not a requirement that overrides the needed pixel dimensions.
For print, consider both resolution and physical size
Changing resolution without resampling changes how large the fixed pixel data prints. In Adobe’s example, a 1000 × 1000-pixel image prints at approximately 13.9 × 13.9 inches at 72 PPI and 3.3 × 3.3 inches at 300 PPI. Adobe describes 300 PPI as typical for professional printing, but the appropriate target depends on the printing process and viewing conditions.
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What to expect when enlarging or reducing
Enlarging estimates new pixels
When you enlarge an image with Resample enabled, Photoshop estimates additional pixels from the existing image data. The result may lose sharpness or show artifacts; interpolation cannot recover detail that was not present in the source.
Reducing discards image information
When you reduce dimensions, Photoshop combines pixels and discards information. Adobe describes reduction as generally more predictable than enlargement because the calculation uses existing image data. Avoid repeated resampling where possible: begin with an appropriately sized source and, when resizing is necessary, resample once.
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A practical way to get a better result
- Preserve a copy of the original before resizing.
- Decide whether you need a particular screen pixel size or a particular physical print size.
- Enable Resample only when the pixel dimensions must change.
- Keep width and height linked unless you intentionally want to distort the image.
- Use Automatic as a starting point, or select a method suited to enlargement, reduction, tonal imagery, or hard edges.
- Inspect the result at the intended output size, especially for softness, artifacts, or excessive sharpening.
Adobe’s recommendation to avoid unnecessary resampling and its explanation of the effects of resizing are available in its resizing and resampling guidance.
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