Do these 3 things before closing this tab:
1Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errors2Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitches3Repair Windows errors before they cause bigger problemsBuild a keyboard accessibility repair plan by testing real user tasks without a mouse, logging each barrier with its impact and location, prioritizing task-blocking and widely shared defects, and retesting the same tasks after fixes. Use WCAG success criteria to describe the problems, and treat W3C’s keyboard checks as a first review—not a complete conformance audit.
What a keyboard accessibility repair plan should cover
A useful plan connects three things: what people need to do on the site, which page patterns and components support those tasks, and what happens when someone uses only a keyboard. Start with important tasks such as finding information, completing a form, and using site navigation. Map each task to the templates and components it uses, including menus, dialogs, overlays, media controls, custom widgets, and responsive layouts where they exist.
This inventory is a practical way to scope testing, not a WCAG-prescribed form. It helps avoid checking only the home page while missing a barrier in a shared menu or a critical form step.
What WCAG requires for keyboard access
Functions must be keyboard-operable
WCAG 2.1 Success Criterion 2.1.1, Keyboard, is Level A. It requires that all functionality can be operated through a keyboard interface without requiring specific timings for individual keystrokes, except when the underlying function depends on the path of movement rather than its endpoints. The criterion concerns access to the function; it does not mean a site must offer keyboard input exclusively. See the W3C WCAG 2.2 Keyboard criterion.
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- Ergonomist Approved: The ERGO K860 wireless ergonomic keyboard is certified by United States Ergonomics to improve posture and lower muscle strain
Focus order must preserve meaning and operation
Under WCAG 2.2 Success Criterion 2.4.3, Focus Order, Level A, where sequential navigation affects meaning or operation, focusable components must receive focus in an order that preserves both. The sequence does not have to copy the visual layout exactly if users can still understand and operate the page. See the W3C Focus Order criterion.
Keyboard focus must be visible
WCAG 2.2 Success Criterion 2.4.7, Focus Visible, Level AA, requires at least one mode of operation in which the keyboard focus indicator is visible. A control that receives focus but gives no visible indication of its location is difficult to use. See the W3C Focus Visible criterion.
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How to run a keyboard-only first review
- Use the supported setup. Follow the browser and operating-system combinations the site supports. On some Mac configurations, keyboard navigation to all controls may need to be enabled in system settings before the test can reach every control.
- Put the mouse aside. Use the keyboard to move through each scoped task. Press Tab to advance through sequentially focusable controls and Shift+Tab to move backward. Use the keyboard interaction expected for the control, such as Enter or Space, and arrow keys where appropriate.
- Check the sequence and visible focus. Confirm that the order is understandable for the task and that the currently focused control is clearly identifiable as you move.
- Operate every function in the task. Try links, buttons, form controls, menus, dialogs, and other interactive features. Check whether choices or changes that appear on hover can also be reached and operated from the keyboard.
- Inspect dropdown behavior. Make sure keyboard users can move through available choices; a control should not automatically select or navigate away in a way that prevents access to the other choices.
- Check that focus can leave each component. Note any control or region that a keyboard user can enter but cannot exit using the expected keyboard interaction.
These steps reflect W3C’s preliminary accessibility evaluation checks. W3C describes them as an initial review, not a complete evaluation of WCAG conformance.
How to record a keyboard accessibility issue
Make each entry specific enough that an engineer can reproduce the problem and a tester can confirm the repair. A shared-component defect should be linked to its repeated appearances, rather than logged as unrelated page-level failures.
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- Location: URL or page template, component, and the relevant state or viewport.
- Task affected: What the user was trying to do and whether the task could be completed.
- Reproduction steps: The exact sequence of keyboard actions that exposes the barrier.
- Expected and observed result: What should happen and what happened instead.
- WCAG reference: The relevant criterion when known, such as 2.1.1 for keyboard operation, 2.4.3 for focus order, or 2.4.7 for visible focus.
- Impact and reach: The effect on the task and the pages or components where the issue occurs.
- Repair and verification: Proposed change, accountable owner, dependencies, acceptance check, and evidence from retesting.
For example, a menu that opens on pointer hover but cannot be opened or navigated by keyboard should be recorded as a task barrier, with its trigger, choices, expected keyboard behavior, and affected instances. That gives the team a clearer repair target than a note such as “menu inaccessible.”
How to prioritize repairs
WCAG establishes outcomes, not a project-specific ranking formula, effort estimate, or deadline. As a practical sequence, address issues that stop critical tasks or block navigation first; then consider defects affecting shared components and templates, since one underlying repair may improve many pages.
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Compare issues using these factors:
- Task impact: Does the barrier prevent a key task, or make it substantially harder?
- Reach: How many important pages, templates, or components are affected?
- Root cause: Is the problem in a shared component or isolated to one instance?
- Repair scope: What implementation work and dependencies are expected?
- Fix confidence: Is the proposed change likely to correct the underlying behavior?
- Verification: Can the issue be reproduced and retested in the supported environments?
Use those factors to agree on an order and target release with the relevant owners. The criteria provide the accessibility outcomes to preserve; the team’s impact and scope assessment determines its delivery sequence.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.How to assign, repair, and retest
- Assign an owner and sequence. Give each issue an accountable person or team, a target release or place in the work queue, and any dependencies.
- Define an acceptance check. State the task and keyboard behavior that must work, including focus visibility and order where relevant.
- Retest the original task. After the change, repeat the same keyboard-only steps and confirm that the function works, the focus indicator is visible, and the sequence remains understandable and operable.
- Check related instances and states. Test other appearances of the shared component, neighboring states, and repeated templates to catch regressions.
For CSS focus styling, :focus-visible is one documented technique, not a guarantee of conformance by itself. It is useful only when the resulting focus indicator is actually visible. W3C techniques are examples; another implementation can also meet the criterion. See the W3C CSS technique for using :focus-visible.
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When a first review is not enough
A keyboard-only pass can expose important barriers, but passing those checks does not establish full WCAG conformance. Use a broader accessibility evaluation when the task, component, or compliance decision requires evidence beyond the preliminary checks. The appropriate legal obligations depend on the organization and jurisdiction, so they cannot be determined from a keyboard test alone.
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