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1Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errors2Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitches3Repair Windows errors before they cause bigger problemsChoose a scanner by the parts of your application it must test—not by the fact that it runs on AWS. Amazon Inspector is a useful starting point for vulnerabilities and network exposure in supported EC2 instances, ECR container images, and Lambda functions. It does not replace testing a running web application or API from the outside. Map your resources, runtimes, interfaces, and security requirements first; many teams need workload scanning plus a separate web-application testing capability.
Start by defining what “vulnerability scanner” needs to mean for your application
The phrase can describe tools that inspect different evidence at different stages. A scanner that inventories installed packages on an EC2 instance is solving a different problem from a tool that signs in to a running application and probes its pages and API endpoints. Source-code analysis and dependency analysis add still other views.
- Workload and package scanning: identifies vulnerable software in deployed resources such as instances, container images, or serverless functions. Some services also report unintended network exposure.
- Dynamic application security testing (DAST): interacts with a running application through its front end to look for weaknesses. OWASP describes DAST as black-box testing without source-code access.
- Static, dependency, and infrastructure-as-code analysis: examines source code, third-party libraries, or infrastructure definitions rather than relying only on a deployed workload or live application.
These approaches are complementary, not interchangeable. A finding that an instance contains a vulnerable package does not establish whether a particular web flow is exploitable; a DAST result does not inventory every package in the image or function behind that flow.
What Amazon Inspector covers—and what its scan types mean
AWS describes Amazon Inspector as a vulnerability management service that automatically discovers workloads and continually scans them for software vulnerabilities and unintended network exposure. Its documented coverage includes EC2 instances, ECR container images, and Lambda functions. Check each scan type against the actual resources and features you use: enabling a service should not be treated as proof that every application security test is covered.
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| Inspector scan type | Documented focus | Important boundary |
|---|---|---|
| EC2 | Package vulnerabilities and network reachability on supported instances. | Collection can be agent-based or agentless, and supported operating systems and package classes matter. AWS says toolchain vulnerabilities are not scanned. |
| ECR | Vulnerabilities in supported container images, including operating-system and language packages as documented by AWS. | Confirm the image and package types you use are within the supported coverage; image scanning is not a live test of the application interface. |
| Lambda standard scanning | Package dependencies in eligible functions. | It is dependency scanning, not custom-code analysis. Function eligibility, runtime, and encryption restrictions apply. |
| Lambda code scanning | Custom code in eligible Lambda functions, as an additional option to standard scanning. | It is a distinct scan capability; verify eligible functions and supported conditions. |
| Code Security | First-party code, third-party dependencies, and infrastructure as code. | It does not make the other Inspector scan types or live web/API testing redundant. |
AWS documents these as distinct scan types, not as one uniform test. For precise eligibility and current support, use the relevant AWS documentation for automated scan types, EC2 scanning, Lambda scanning, and supported operating systems and programming languages.
EC2 collection and cadence
AWS documents two EC2 inventory approaches: agent-based collection through Systems Manager Agent and agentless collection through EBS snapshots. Network reachability scans occur every 12 hours; package scan timing depends on the collection method. The practical choice depends on your instance fleet, permissions, operating systems, and how you manage Systems Manager. Check supported operating systems and language packages rather than assuming that a running instance is fully covered.
Lambda eligibility is a coverage issue
AWS says its documented standard and code Lambda scans cover functions using $LATEST that have been invoked or updated in the previous 90 days. Functions using customer-managed keys are not supported by those documented Lambda scans. Standard scanning assesses dependencies; code scanning is an additional capability for custom code. Verify runtimes and layers used by your functions, and do not count inactive or otherwise ineligible functions as tested merely because Lambda scanning is enabled.
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Decide whether you also need DAST
If you need evidence about how a running web application or API behaves when accessed, include DAST in the evaluation. OWASP’s Developer Guide characterizes DAST as communication with the application through its front end without source-code access. That makes it useful for exercising deployed routes and behaviors, but it does not by itself establish complete package, source-code, or dependency coverage.
Automated DAST can miss issues that need a human to understand the application’s intended behavior. OWASP notes that some business-logic problems, race conditions, and certain zero-day issues may require manual assessment. Define the application paths and API operations that matter, including whether authenticated testing is required, and evaluate tools against an authorized nonproduction target or another approved scope.
OWASP maintains a directory of vulnerability-scanning tools, including commercial and open-source DAST options, and explicitly does not endorse listed tools. Treat the directory as a way to identify candidates, not as a ranking or evidence that a particular tool fits your AWS architecture.
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Build a coverage matrix before comparing products
List the actual test surfaces and acceptance criteria before booking demonstrations. A matrix prevents a broad feature list from hiding an uncovered workload, runtime, or application flow.
| Decision axis | Questions to answer |
|---|---|
| Resources and runtimes | Do you run EC2, ECR images, Lambda functions, or all three? Which operating systems, language packages, runtimes, and Lambda layers must be covered? Do you need code or infrastructure-as-code analysis? |
| Test surface | Is the requirement deployed package and network-exposure assessment, running web/API behavior, source-code analysis, dependency analysis, or a defined combination? |
| Deployment and access | For EC2, do you prefer or require agent-based Systems Manager inventory or agentless EBS snapshot collection? For application testing, can the scanner reach the approved environment, authenticate where needed, and crawl the routes that matter? |
| Cadence and lifecycle | When does assessment run, how are new or changed resources handled, and how are findings refreshed when vulnerability intelligence changes? Check actual package-scan timing and event behavior for the proposed service. |
| Findings and ownership | Can the responsible team triage, suppress, assign, and track findings? Are severity context and evidence actionable? How do results reach ticketing, alerting, or central security workflows? |
| Operational fit | Are the required regions, account scale, runtimes, permissions, CI/CD connections, and deployment model supported? Can teams operate the scanner without creating an unmanageable volume of low-value findings? |
Ask each candidate to demonstrate the required coverage on representative resources and application paths, not just a generic dashboard. Record what was in scope, what was excluded, and what evidence supported each result.
Run a scoped proof of concept and check the failure modes
- Inventory the architecture. Record AWS accounts and regions, EC2 operating systems, ECR image and package types, Lambda runtimes and layers, application entry points, authentication needs, and any code or IaC repositories in scope.
- Map requirements to scan types. Mark which requirements call for workload/package scanning, network reachability, DAST, static analysis, dependency analysis, or IaC analysis. Identify gaps before evaluating vendors.
- Confirm prerequisites and exclusions. Validate permissions, collection approach, region and runtime support, Lambda eligibility and key restrictions, package/toolchain limits, and whether the test environment is reachable and safe to scan.
- Test an approved representative scope. Use a nonproduction target or another explicitly authorized scope. Include the authentication and routes needed to test meaningful application behavior, and avoid treating a shallow crawl as full coverage.
- Assess operational usefulness. Review false positives, actionable evidence, repeatability, scan timing, severity context, suppression and triage controls, and the path from finding to remediation owner.
- Document residual risk. Keep a record of unsupported resources, untested routes, manual review needs, and controls that depend on another scanner or process.
This evaluation is especially important where documentation establishes eligibility conditions or scan-method differences. AWS states that Inspector draws on more than 50 data feeds, including vendor security advisories, data feeds, NVD, and MITRE, and that vulnerability data is updated at least daily. That is an AWS description of its inputs and update practice, not an independently audited measure of detection quality or a head-to-head performance result.
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Route findings into a workflow the team can act on
AWS says Inspector findings can be published into Security Hub CSPM when that service is activated. Security Hub can also aggregate findings from supported third-party solutions. This can help centralize visibility, but integration alone does not decide ownership or remediation priority: define who reviews findings, how exceptions are approved, and how fixes are verified.
For any candidate, check the actual integrations and operational controls against your process. A useful proof of concept should show how a finding becomes an owned remediation task and how teams distinguish an accepted exception from an unresolved issue.
Choose based on evidence, not a universal ranking
The available product documentation describes coverage and eligibility, while OWASP provides a tool directory; these sources do not establish a neutral current ranking for an unspecified AWS application. Performance, pricing, and fit depend on the architecture, languages, authentication model, test scope, region, and operational constraints. Select the combination that demonstrably covers your required surfaces and produces findings your teams can validate and remediate.
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