The Tool Desk
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List screens with Puppeteer
This example configures two virtual screens in headless Chromium, then prints the returned screen details:
import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';
const browser = await puppeteer.launch({
args: ['--screen-info={800x600 label=primary}{600x800 label=portrait}'],
});
try {
const screens = await browser.screens();
console.log(`Number of screens: ${screens.length}`);
for (const screen of screens) {
console.log({
id: screen.id,
label: screen.label,
left: screen.left,
top: screen.top,
width: screen.width,
height: screen.height,
isPrimary: screen.isPrimary,
isExtended: screen.isExtended,
orientation: screen.orientation,
});
}
} finally {
await browser.close();
}The --screen-info value describes an 800×600 primary screen and a 600×800 portrait screen. This is a headless Chromium configuration, not a request to create physical monitors. The official Puppeteer Screen configuration guide documents this approach, including the use of puppeteer-core. Its search-indexed guide is version 25.12.0; check the API against the version installed in your project if you need version-specific behavior.
Choose the fields you need
A ScreenInfo object can include id, left, top, width, height, availLeft, availTop, availWidth, availHeight, label, isPrimary, isExtended, isInternal, colorDepth, devicePixelRatio, and orientation. The orientation object exposes a type and angle. For a basic inventory, the ID, bounds, dimensions, label, and primary or extended flags are often sufficient.
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Configure virtual screens in headless Chromium
Set the layout when launching
Pass Chromium’s --screen-info argument in Puppeteer’s launch({args}), as in the example above. According to the Puppeteer guide, headless mode uses one 800×600 screen by default unless --window-size is specified; with that switch, the screen is as large as the requested window.
Add or remove screens at runtime
In headless mode, browser.addScreen() and browser.removeScreen() let you change the virtual layout while Chrome is running. Use browser.screens() again to inspect the result:
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const before = await browser.screens();
console.log('Before:', before.length);
const added = await browser.addScreen({
left: 800,
top: 0,
width: 600,
height: 800,
label: 'portrait',
});
const afterAdd = await browser.screens();
console.log('Added screen:', added);
console.log('After add:', afterAdd.length);
await browser.removeScreen(added.id);
const afterRemove = await browser.screens();
console.log('After remove:', afterRemove.length);The guide’s runtime example likewise adds a secondary screen, checks the count and extended flags, removes it, and checks the configuration again. Removing the primary screen fails, so retain its ID if you need to remove a secondary screen later.
Headless and headful screens behave differently
| Mode | What browser.screens() lists |
How the layout is supplied | Can the layout be changed through these APIs? |
|---|---|---|---|
| Headless | Configured virtual screens | --screen-info at launch; otherwise the documented default applies |
Yes. browser.addScreen() and browser.removeScreen() are available. |
| Headful | Physical platform screens | The platform’s display setup | The Puppeteer guide does not document --screen-info or add/remove operations for this mode. |
The listing call is documented for both headless and headful modes. The virtual-screen configuration and mutation methods are headless-only.
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Use a page viewport when you mean page size
A screen describes display topology; a viewport describes the visible area of an individual page. Use the Page APIs when your test concerns page rendering at a particular size or device profile:
page.setViewport()sets the viewport for that page. Each page can have its own viewport.page.emulate(device)applies device metrics and a user agent. Puppeteer documents it as a shortcut forpage.setUserAgent()andpage.setViewport().browser.screens()is the relevant call when the test needs the browser’s screen configuration or multiple-monitor topology.
Troubleshoot screen listing
- The result has only one screen: In headless mode, check that the launch arguments include a valid
--screen-infolayout. If you intended to size one screen rather than define a multi-screen layout, check whether--window-sizeis setting its dimensions. addScreenorremoveScreenis unavailable or fails: These configuration operations are documented for headless mode. In headful Chrome,browser.screens()reports the platform displays, but the guide does not document these mutation operations.- Removing a screen fails: The primary screen cannot be removed. Pass the ID of a secondary screen to
removeScreen(). - The page still renders at an unexpected size: Listing or configuring browser screens does not set a page’s viewport. Set it with
page.setViewport(), or usepage.emulate(device)when you need device metrics and a user agent. - Your installed package differs from the documented API: Puppeteer documentation versions can vary. Check the Screen configuration guide and API reference for the version matching your installed package.
Or skip the browser setup
If your goal is a website screenshot rather than testing browser display topology, ScreenshotNeo can return a screenshot or PDF from one GET request. For example, save a screenshot of Stripe as WebP:
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