Put the URLs in an array, visit them in a loop, and save each page with page.screenshot({ path, type: 'png' }). Give every URL a distinct output filename; choose a viewport capture for a consistent visible area or fullPage: true to include the full scrollable page. The JavaScript example below processes URLs sequentially and records each navigation response status.
Set up a Playwright batch screenshot script
This Node.js example uses Playwright’s Chromium browser. It creates the output folder, validates that each input is an HTTP or HTTPS URL, captures each page as a PNG, and continues to the next URL if one capture fails.
Install Playwright and its Chromium browser in your project:
npm install playwright
npx playwright install chromiumSave the following as batch-screenshots.js:
const { chromium } = require('playwright');
const fs = require('node:fs/promises');
const path = require('node:path');
const urls = [
'https://example.com',
'https://playwright.dev',
];
async function main() {
const outputDir = path.resolve('screenshots');
await fs.mkdir(outputDir, { recursive: true });
const browser = await chromium.launch();
const context = await browser.newContext({
viewport: { width: 1440, height: 900 },
});
try {
for (const [index, rawUrl] of urls.entries()) {
const outputPath = path.join(
outputDir,
`${String(index + 1).padStart(3, '0')}.png`
);
let page;
try {
const parsed = new URL(rawUrl);
if (!['http:', 'https:'].includes(parsed.protocol)) {
throw new Error('URL must use http or https');
}
page = await context.newPage();
const response = await page.goto(rawUrl, { timeout: 30_000 });
const status = response?.status() ?? null;
await page.screenshot({
path: outputPath,
type: 'png',
fullPage: true,
});
console.log({ url: rawUrl, status, outputPath, result: 'saved' });
} catch (error) {
console.error({
url: rawUrl,
outputPath,
result: 'failed',
error: error.message,
});
} finally {
if (page) await page.close();
}
}
} finally {
await context.close();
await browser.close();
}
}
main().catch((error) => {
console.error(error);
process.exitCode = 1;
});Run it with node batch-screenshots.js. The files will be written to a screenshots directory beside the script. The numbered names are unique within this run and avoid unsafe characters from URLs. If you want filenames to identify URLs, create a sanitizing and collision-handling scheme; query strings can contain sensitive values, so do not blindly put raw URLs in filenames.
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The example is an implementation pattern, not a claim that every site will render identically or successfully. Add logging or persistent result storage if you need a durable record of outcomes.
Choose what each PNG contains
Capture the visible viewport
For a same-sized image of the page’s initial view, leave out fullPage or set it to false. The viewport dimensions come from the context’s viewport setting; the example uses 1440 by 900 pixels. This is useful when comparing page headers or capturing a consistent screen area.
Capture the full scrollable page
Set fullPage: true to capture beyond the visible viewport. Playwright’s Page API describes this as taking a screenshot of “the full scrollable page, instead of the currently visible viewport” (Playwright Page API). Long pages can create very tall images, so check whether your image viewer, storage system, or downstream processing can handle the resulting dimensions and file size.
Keep PNG output explicit
When a screenshot is saved to a path, Playwright can infer its format from the filename extension. The script also sets type: 'png' so the intended format is explicit. Playwright supports PNG, JPEG, and WebP; the documented quality option does not apply to PNG. See the Page API options for the current screenshot parameters.
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Make the batch reliable
Check HTTP status separately from navigation errors
page.goto() may return a response with an HTTP error status such as 404 or 500 without throwing solely because of that status. The example logs the response status but still saves the page. If your batch should treat certain statuses as failures, apply that policy explicitly after reading response.status(); a missing response is recorded as null.
Decide when a page is ready to capture
A completed navigation does not guarantee that every page’s client-side data, delayed images, fonts, animations, or widgets have settled. Choose a readiness signal based on the site—for example, wait for a selector that is meaningful for the content you need. There is no single wait condition that guarantees visual readiness for every arbitrary website. A fixed delay may help with a known site, but can waste time or still be too short.
Handle failures per URL
Keep each URL’s navigation and screenshot inside its own error handler so one timeout, DNS or TLS problem, invalid URL, or site-side block does not stop later entries. Record the URL, status when available, path, and error. The example logs failures to the console; production jobs may need a JSON or database report and a deliberate retry policy.
Use unique paths and protect sensitive inputs
Index-based names such as 001.png make it straightforward to avoid collisions in a single batch. If multiple runs write to the same directory, include a run identifier or otherwise ensure that one run cannot overwrite another. URL-derived names need sanitization and disambiguation. Avoid exposing tokens or other sensitive query parameters in filenames or logs.
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Scale beyond a sequential loop
The sample intentionally processes one page at a time. This is easier to reason about and limits simultaneous browser work. A browser context can host multiple pages, and pages share context-level settings such as viewport and locale (Playwright Pages guide), but Playwright does not prescribe a universally ideal concurrency level for arbitrary batches.
If a sequential run is too slow, use a bounded worker pool rather than launching every URL at once. Pick a small concurrency limit, observe memory use, timeouts, target-site behavior, and output throughput, then adjust for your workload. Respect site policies and avoid creating load the destination cannot handle. If URLs need different viewport, locale, or other context-level configuration, group them by configuration or create separate contexts instead of assuming one context setting can vary per page.
Save screenshots in memory instead of to disk
If the next step uploads, transforms, or inspects the image, omit path and use the screenshot call’s returned buffer. The Playwright screenshot API documents that a screenshot can return image bytes without writing a file (Playwright Screenshots guide). That URL is on Playwright’s next documentation channel and may change. Your application can then pass the buffer to its own storage or image-processing code.
Make captures repeatable
For visual comparisons or repeatable archives, keep the operating system, browser version, browser settings, hardware, power source, and headless mode as consistent as possible. Playwright notes that these factors can change screenshot output and advises using the same environment as the baseline capture (Visual comparisons guide). A live page may also change over time even when the automation stays the same.
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Or skip the browser setup
ScreenshotNeo can capture a URL with one API request instead of running a browser locally. It accepts cookie or consent banners like a visitor and removes more than 60 known consent platforms, newsletter popups, and chat widgets before capture; each cleanup step can be turned off. Bot checks or CAPTCHAs, blank pages, timeouts, failed loads, and cache hits cost nothing, and the response includes X-Page-Verdict and X-Billed headers.
Use this cURL request, replacing the example URL and adding your API key. See the ScreenshotNeo API documentation for request options.
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Troubleshooting
The script cannot find the Playwright package or browser
Run npm install playwright in the project directory and install Chromium with npx playwright install chromium. Ensure you run the script from the project where the package is installed.
A URL fails while the rest should continue
Check that it includes an http:// or https:// scheme and is reachable from the machine running the script. Inspect the logged error for timeout, DNS, TLS, or site-side blocking. The per-URL try/catch keeps later URLs running; choose a retry policy only after deciding which errors are likely transient.
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A PNG exists but shows an error page
Inspect the logged HTTP status. A 404 or 500 response can still produce a page that Playwright screenshots. Decide whether to retain error pages for diagnostics or mark them as failed based on your status rules.
The screenshot misses content or looks inconsistent
Verify the viewport or fullPage setting, then wait for a site-specific readiness condition if content loads after navigation. For comparison work, keep the browser and machine environment consistent; the site itself may also have changed.
Files overwrite or have unusable names
Use a unique index or run-specific name rather than a raw URL. If names are derived from URLs, sanitize characters, handle collisions, and avoid including secrets from query strings.
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Can one Playwright browser context handle several URLs?
Yes. A context can host multiple pages, which act like separate tabs and share context-level settings. The sample uses one page at a time for predictable sequential processing.
Can I capture an element instead of a whole page?
Yes. Playwright supports element screenshots; locate the desired element and use its screenshot method. See the screenshot examples at https://playwright.dev/docs/next/screenshots.
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