Launch one Puppeteer Browser, then reuse it across screenshot jobs. For each independent capture, create a Page, set its viewport, navigate, await page.screenshot(), and close the page. Close the browser when the batch or its owning service is finished. Use a separate BrowserContext only when jobs need separate cookies and cache.
Reuse one browser, with a page for each capture
A Puppeteer browser can own multiple pages, so you do not need to launch a new browser for every screenshot. A fresh page per job makes it clear which task owns the page and when it should be closed. The example below follows Puppeteer’s documented launch, page, navigation, screenshot, and close patterns; it is illustrative, not a performance benchmark. Puppeteer Browser class and Screenshots guide.
import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';
const jobs = [
{ url: 'https://example.com', outputPath: 'example.png', width: 1280, height: 800 },
{ url: 'https://stripe.com', outputPath: 'stripe.png', width: 1440, height: 900 },
];
const browser = await puppeteer.launch();
try {
for (const job of jobs) {
const page = await browser.newPage();
try {
await page.setViewport({ width: job.width, height: job.height });
await page.goto(job.url, { waitUntil: 'networkidle2' });
await page.screenshot({ path: job.outputPath });
} finally {
await page.close();
}
}
} finally {
await browser.close();
}Replace the sample jobs with your own. The try/finally blocks ensure that a page is closed after its capture and that the browser is closed even if a job fails. The networkidle2 navigation condition is an example, not a universal choice: sites that keep network requests open or render content later may need a different readiness condition.
Choose whether jobs share a browser context
Pages created with browser.newPage() use the default browser context. That is the simplest choice when sharing session state between jobs is acceptable. If each job must have separate cookies and cache, create a separate context and open its page there. Puppeteer documents context-level cookie/cache separation; this is a session and storage boundary, not a claim of complete process or machine isolation. BrowserContext class and Browser.createBrowserContext().
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const context = await browser.createBrowserContext();
try {
const page = await context.newPage();
await page.goto('https://example.com');
await page.screenshot({ path: 'example.png' });
} finally {
await context.close();
}Closing a context closes the pages it owns. The default context cannot be closed, so close individual pages created in it. Browser.close() closes the browser and its associated pages.
| Pattern | Use it when | Cleanup |
|---|---|---|
| One browser, default context, page per job | Jobs may share the default context’s session state. | Close each job’s page; close the browser after its batch or service lifetime. |
| One browser, separate context per job | Jobs must not share cookies or cache. | Close the context; that closes its pages. The default context itself cannot be closed. |
Set the viewport and manage page lifetimes
- Set dimensions before navigation when the page’s rendering depends on the viewport. Different pages in one browser can use different viewport sizes. Page class.
- Await the screenshot before cleanup.
page.screenshot()can save to a path and also documents byte and base64 return forms. Page.screenshot(). - Keep ownership explicit. A page-per-job loop is straightforward for sequential work. If a long-running service intentionally keeps a browser open, close request-owned pages or contexts after each task and close the browser during service shutdown.
- Inspect open pages when needed. Puppeteer provides
browser.pages()andcontext.pages()to inspect pages at browser or context scope. BrowserContext.pages().
Puppeteer documents that creating a new page and closing a page or context wait for an active screenshot in that context to finish. This coordination helps avoid interfering with an in-progress screenshot; it does not mean all page operations are serialized. Page.screenshot().
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Run jobs sequentially or concurrently?
The example processes jobs sequentially, which keeps resource ownership and failure handling simple. A shared browser can have multiple pages, but the cited Puppeteer documentation does not establish a universal safe concurrency limit or a fixed speedup from browser reuse. If you run captures concurrently, measure the memory use, completion time, and failure rate for your pages and environment, and limit the number of simultaneous jobs to suit that workload. Reusing the browser avoids repeatedly launching it in your own lifecycle design; it does not guarantee a particular performance gain.
Troubleshoot common lifecycle problems
- A page is still open after a failed capture: put
page.close()in afinallyblock, as in the example. - The browser remains running after the batch: put
browser.close()in an outerfinallyblock. For a persistent service, call it in the service’s shutdown path rather than after each request. - A later job sees earlier session state: pages in the default context can share that context’s session. Use a separate
BrowserContextper job when cookie/cache separation is required. - The screenshot is the wrong size: set the intended viewport on that page before navigation; each page can use its own dimensions.
- The screenshot is missing late-rendered content: navigation completion is not proof that every site’s content is ready. Select a wait condition appropriate to the site, such as waiting for a known selector or another application-specific readiness signal.
- Cleanup seems to overlap screenshot work: await
page.screenshot()before closing resources. Puppeteer coordinates certain page/context creation and close operations with an active screenshot, but do not assume unrelated page operations are automatically serialized.
Or skip the browser setup
ScreenshotNeo is a website screenshot API and MCP server. A single GET request can return an image or PDF; its documented options include viewport and device settings, full-page capture, selector capture, and wait controls. See the ScreenshotNeo API documentation.
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curl -G "https://api.screenshotneo.com/v1/shot" -d access_key=YOUR_API_KEY --data-urlencode url=https://stripe.com -o shot.webpBefore capture, ScreenshotNeo can accept cookie/consent banners and remove more than 60 known consent platforms, newsletter popups, and chat widgets; each of these steps can be turned off. Bot checks/CAPTCHAs, blank pages, timeouts, failed loads, and cache hits cost nothing, and responses identify page verdict and billing status in headers. Its MCP server provides take_screenshot, get_page_info, and capture_pdf for AI agents. The free plan includes 1,000 screenshots per month with no card; paid plans start at $5 for 3,000 screenshots. Sign up free for 1,000 screenshots a month, no card required.
Frequently Asked Questions
Does Puppeteer launch a new browser for every call to browser.newPage()?
No. browser.newPage() creates a page in the existing browser; it does not launch another browser.
Quick Recap
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- Compatible with Nintendo Switch 2’s new GameChat mode
- HD lighting adjustment and autofocus: The Logitech webcam automatically fine-tunes the lighting, producing bright, razor-sharp images even in low-light settings. This makes it a great webcam for streaming and an ideal web camera for laptop use
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Can pages in one Puppeteer browser have different viewport sizes?
Yes. Set the viewport on each page independently.
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