To deliver an RTMP stream through WebRTC with Wowza Streaming Engine (WSE), configure TLS and WebRTC signaling, enable WebRTC on a live application, publish the RTMP source to that application, and test playback over a secure WebSocket connection. Transcoding is needed when the incoming codecs or video profile do not match the WebRTC output; it can increase startup time and latency.
How the RTMP-to-WebRTC workflow works
This is a server-side delivery workflow, not a browser setting. Your encoder or IP camera publishes RTMP to a Wowza live application. Wowza then makes the stream available to WebRTC playback clients. The incoming stream must be active in Wowza before a client can play it.
WebRTC requires encryption: Wowza’s setup guide specifies TLS for the server and signaling, with media protected by DTLS-SRTP and signaling over HTTPS or WSS. Follow the guide for your installed WSE version; configuration labels and options can vary by version.
What you need before configuring Wowza
- Wowza Streaming Engine 4.11 or later, with the latest configuration, as specified in Wowza’s setup guide updated September 30, 2026.
- A live application with TLS configured.
- An RTMP encoder or source configured to publish to that live application.
- A TLS certificate and a network path that allows clients to reach the signaling and media endpoints.
- A playback client compatible with your selected WebRTC codecs and profile.
Configure RTMP-to-WebRTC delivery
- Configure TLS and signaling. In WSE Manager, configure the SSL/TLS host port to use WebRTC WebSocket signaling and select the WebRTC implementation. Wowza identifies
v2as the current implementation selection in its guide. Save the changes and restart the virtual host. The guide also provides aVHost.xmlconfiguration route; use the instructions for your installed version rather than copying configuration from another release. - Enable WebRTC on the live application. Open the application’s WebRTC setup and enable “Play WebRTC from Wowza Streaming Engine.” Enable publishing only if that application also needs to ingest WebRTC. WHIP/WHEP may be enabled for standards-based HTTP endpoints when needed. Save and restart the application. The XML alternative is setting the application’s
<WebRTC><Enable>element totrue. - Publish the RTMP source. Configure the encoder or camera to publish to the Wowza live application using the standard RTMP encoder workflow. Confirm that Wowza reports the incoming stream as active before attempting WebRTC playback.
- Choose passthrough or transcoding. Use passthrough when the source’s video codec, video profile, and audio codec are compatible with the WebRTC output. Wowza says transcoding is required when any of these differ. Its RTMP example converts H.264 High-profile video to H.264 Main-profile video and AAC audio to Opus. The example recommends no B-frames, 720p at 30 fps for compatibility, and 48 kHz stereo audio. These are Wowza recommendations, not guarantees that every client will support every stream. Configure the application transcoder and a suitable custom template if transcoding is necessary.
- Test with secure signaling. Wowza’s hosted test page takes a secure signaling URL in the form
wss://[ssl-certificate-domain-name]/webrtc-session.json, together with the matching application and stream names. For production playback, Wowza says the playback page must be hosted on a server using SSL/TLS. Its current setup guide names the Wowza Flowplayer Real-Time Streaming (WebRTC) plugin as a production playback option.
Decide whether transcoding is necessary
Check the actual incoming stream’s codecs and video profile, then compare them with the output requirements of your playback clients. Wowza lists WebRTC video codecs including HEVC/H.265, H.264, VP8, and VP9, and audio codecs Opus (recommended), PCMU, and PCMA. Support can differ by browser and client, so validate the specific combination you plan to deploy.
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Transcoding can bridge an incompatible input and output, such as the AAC-to-Opus and H.264 High-to-Main conversions in Wowza’s example. The trade-off is greater startup time and latency than a video-only passthrough workflow. If the source already matches the clients, avoiding unnecessary transcoding can simplify the path and reduce that added delay.
Open the network path and plan for audience size
Wowza’s workflow reference lists these ports for its described setup:
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| Traffic or purpose | Port or range | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| WSS signaling | TCP 443 | Signaling must use a secure WebSocket connection. |
| WebRTC media | UDP 6970–9999 | Wowza’s documented default media range; verify the configured range and reachable media address. |
| Fallback-related configuration | TCP 1935 | Listed by Wowza for fallback-related configuration. |
Open the required ports through firewalls and confirm that clients can reach the server’s configured media address. Wowza notes that endpoint-security deep packet inspection can cause stuttering; where applicable, configure the relevant ports to bypass that inspection.
Direct WebRTC delivery is positioned for one-to-few and few-to-few audiences. As connections grow, performance may suffer and direct delivery can consume significant bandwidth. For one-to-many distribution, Wowza recommends considering transcoding followed by HLS or MPEG-DASH, which it says uses significantly less bandwidth than direct WebRTC delivery. Stream Targets can also send streams to CDNs or Wowza Video.
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Troubleshoot common failures
- The stream is unavailable to WebRTC clients: Confirm the RTMP source is active in the intended live application, WebRTC playback is enabled for that application, and the application was restarted after configuration changes.
- The signaling connection fails: Check that the TLS certificate matches the hostname used in the WSS URL, the client uses
wss://, and TCP 443 is reachable. Also confirm the virtual host is configured for WebRTC WebSocket signaling. - Playback connects but has no audio or video: Compare the source codecs and video profile with the client’s supported WebRTC formats. Transcode incompatible audio or video; Wowza’s example uses Opus audio and H.264 Main-profile video.
- Playback stutters or cannot establish media: Verify the configured UDP media range and advertised media address are reachable from the client network. Check firewalls and endpoint-security deep packet inspection, which Wowza identifies as a possible source of stuttering.
- Startup feels slow or latency is higher than expected: If the application transcodes, compare with a compatible passthrough workflow where appropriate. Wowza notes that transcoding adds startup time and latency.
- Quality degrades as viewers are added: Reassess whether direct WebRTC is appropriate for the audience size. For one-to-many distribution, consider transcoding to HLS or MPEG-DASH instead.
Important limitations
Wowza Streaming Engine supports WebRTC audio and video, but its documented workflow does not implement WebRTC data channels for uses such as text chat. A separate messaging mechanism is therefore needed for chat or other data-channel functions. Codec support and playback behavior should be checked against the browsers and clients you intend to serve.
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