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1Repair Windows errors before they cause bigger problems2Scan for outdated or missing drivers - takes under a minute3Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errorsUse a browser automation loop to read each URL from a CSV, open it in a browser, and save a screenshot under a stable filename. Playwright provides the navigation and screenshot primitives; your script handles the CSV, naming, error log, and report assembly. The example below produces one image per row and records failures so you can audit the finished set.
What you need before capturing
- A CSV file with a
urlheader and one website URL per row. - Node.js and Playwright installed on the computer running the capture.
- A folder for the screenshot files and a CSV manifest for results.
The CSV loop and filename convention are workflow choices: Playwright’s documented Page API covers navigating to a URL and saving a screenshot, but it does not automatically read your CSV. See the Playwright screenshot guide and Page API.
Prepare a CSV of URLs
Save a file named sites.csv in your project directory. Use one URL per row under the url header. An optional id column lets you choose readable, stable output names.
id,url
001,https://example.com
002,https://playwright.dev
003,https://www.wikipedia.orgKeep IDs unique and filename-safe. The script below also normalizes IDs to avoid spaces and punctuation in filenames. If you omit the id column, it numbers rows in order.
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Install Playwright and run the capture script
-
Create a project directory, open a terminal there, and initialize Node.js:
npm init -y npm install playwright -
Install the browser binary Playwright will use:
npx playwright install chromium -
Save the following as
capture.mjsbesidesites.csv:Rank #2
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import { chromium } from 'playwright'; import { readFile, mkdir, writeFile } from 'node:fs/promises'; import path from 'node:path'; const inputFile = 'sites.csv'; const outputDir = 'screenshots'; const manifestFile = path.join(outputDir, 'manifest.csv'); function parseCsv(text) { const rows = []; let row = [], field = '', quoted = false; for (let i = 0; i < text.length; i++) { const ch = text[i]; if (quoted) { if (ch === '"' && text[i + 1] === '"') { field += '"'; i++; } else if (ch === '"') quoted = false; else field += ch; } else if (ch === '"') quoted = true; else if (ch === ',') { row.push(field); field = ''; } else if (ch === 'n') { row.push(field); rows.push(row); row = []; field = ''; } else if (ch !== 'r') field += ch; } if (quoted) throw new Error('CSV ends inside a quoted field'); if (field.length || row.length) { row.push(field); rows.push(row); } return rows; } function csvEscape(value) { const s = String(value ?? ''); return /[",rn]/.test(s) ? `"${s.replaceAll('"', '""')}"` : s; } function safeName(value) { return String(value).trim().replace(/[^a-zA-Z0-9_-]+/g, '-').replace(/^-+|-+$/g, '') || 'site'; } const text = await readFile(inputFile, 'utf8'); const rows = parseCsv(text); if (rows.length < 2) throw new Error('CSV needs a header and at least one URL row'); const headers = rows[0].map(h => h.trim().replace(/^uFEFF/, '')); const urlIndex = headers.indexOf('url'); const idIndex = headers.indexOf('id'); if (urlIndex < 0) throw new Error('CSV must contain a url header'); await mkdir(outputDir, { recursive: true }); const browser = await chromium.launch({ headless: true }); const manifest = [['id', 'url', 'file', 'status', 'error']]; try { for (let i = 1; i < rows.length; i++) { const cells = rows[i]; if (!cells.some(cell => cell.trim())) continue; const url = (cells[urlIndex] ?? '').trim(); const id = safeName(idIndex >= 0 ? cells[idIndex] || String(i).padStart(3, '0') : String(i).padStart(3, '0')); const filename = `${id}-${safeName(new URL(url).hostname)}.png`; let page; try { if (!url) throw new Error('Missing URL'); const parsed = new URL(url); if (!['http:', 'https:'].includes(parsed.protocol)) throw new Error('URL must use http or https'); page = await browser.newPage({ viewport: { width: 1440, height: 900 } }); const response = await page.goto(url, { waitUntil: 'load', timeout: 45000 }); if (!response) throw new Error('Navigation returned no HTTP response'); await page.screenshot({ path: path.join(outputDir, filename), fullPage: true }); manifest.push([id, url, filename, `captured (HTTP ${response.status()})`, '']); } catch (error) { manifest.push([id, url, '', 'failed', error.message]); } finally { await page?.close(); } } } finally { await browser.close(); const csv = manifest.map(row => row.map(csvEscape).join(',')).join('n') + 'n'; await writeFile(manifestFile, csv, 'utf8'); } console.log(`Finished. See ${outputDir}/ and ${manifestFile}`); -
Run it:
node capture.mjs
Each successful row creates a full-page PNG in screenshots/. The manifest records the source URL, filename, status and any error; an HTTP error status is logged with the capture rather than silently treated as a failed browser navigation. The script uses a 1440 × 900 viewport and waits for the page load event, but pages that load substantial content later may need a different wait condition or an explicit delay.
Choose what each report image should show
Initial viewport or full page
The script uses fullPage: true to include the full scrollable page. For a first-screen snapshot instead, change the screenshot line to await page.screenshot({ path: path.join(outputDir, filename) });. Playwright documents full-page screenshots and other screenshot options in its screenshot guide.
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Image format and capture target
Playwright’s screenshot API supports image formats and options such as capturing an element. The CLI additionally documents PNG, JPEG and WebP output, custom filenames, high-resolution screenshots and PDF export. Use PDF if the report workflow needs page documents rather than separate image files; see Playwright CLI documentation.
High-resolution evidence
The Playwright CLI’s high-resolution mode captures using device pixels. Use it when fine detail matters, while accounting for larger output files. The script shown here uses the Page API and ordinary PNG capture; it does not enable the CLI’s high-resolution mode.
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Turn the screenshots into an auditable report
Keep the generated manifest with the image folder. It provides a row-by-row link between each CSV entry and its output or error. In the report, show the stable ID or label, the original URL and the corresponding image; avoid relying on file order alone. If you rerun captures, preserve the original CSV and note the run date separately so readers can distinguish versions.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Common problems and fixes
| Symptom | Likely cause | What to do |
|---|---|---|
| “CSV must contain a url header” | Header is absent, misspelled, or has extra spaces or a byte-order mark. | Use a header exactly named url. The script trims spaces and removes a leading UTF-8 byte-order mark. |
| “URL must use http or https” or invalid URL error | Cell is blank, malformed, or missing the protocol. | Enter complete addresses such as https://example.com; check that the CSV row has not shifted due to an unquoted comma. |
| Timeout during navigation | The server is slow, inaccessible from your network, or keeps loading resources. | Check the URL in a browser. Increase timeout for slow sites, or use a suitable wait condition if the page’s relevant content appears before all network activity ends. |
| Screenshot is blank or misses content | The page renders after the load event, requires interaction, or defers content until scrolling. | Wait for a specific selector with page.waitForSelector('selector') before the screenshot, or add a deliberate delay. For lazy content, scrolling or a page-specific interaction may be needed before capture. |
| Browser executable not found | Playwright package is installed but Chromium is not. | Run npx playwright install chromium in the project. |
| Duplicate files overwrite earlier captures | CSV IDs are repeated or normalize to the same filename. | Make IDs unique and filename-safe; inspect the generated manifest and use distinct IDs for each row. |
Performance, reliability, and cost
This script opens one page at a time in one browser, which limits simultaneous load and keeps failures associated with individual rows. Large CSVs can take a while: every URL must be navigated and captured, and full-page images can use substantial disk space. Parallel pages can increase throughput, but also increase memory use and the likelihood of stressing the sites being captured; add concurrency deliberately and retain per-row error handling.
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Playwright is a locally run, open-source browser automation tool; this workflow has no per-screenshot service charge, but you provide the machine, browser installation, storage and maintenance. Site access controls, network failures and dynamic content can still prevent a useful image. Respect the target websites’ terms and access restrictions, particularly for large batches.
Or skip the browser setup
ScreenshotNeo is a website screenshot API with bulk capture for up to 100 URLs per call. For the CSV workflow, send each row’s URL to the API and keep the returned image and response details in your manifest. The API accepts a URL in one GET request and can return PNG, JPEG, WebP or PDF. See the ScreenshotNeo documentation.
curl -G "https://api.screenshotneo.com/v1/shot" -d access_key=YOUR_API_KEY --data-urlencode url=https://example.com -o shot.webpScreenshotNeo removes supported cookie banners, newsletter popups and chat widgets before capture; bot checks, blank pages and failed loads are never billed. Its MCP server lets AI agents take screenshots, and 1,000 screenshots per month are free with no card; paid plans start at $5 for 3,000. Create a free account at ScreenshotNeo sign-up.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I capture only a specific part of each page?
Yes. Playwright’s screenshot API supports element screenshots; target the desired element in the script instead of capturing the whole page.
Can the same workflow create PDFs instead of PNGs?
Yes. Playwright’s CLI documents PDF export, and ScreenshotNeo can return PDF output. Choose the output that fits how the report will be delivered.
Quick Recap
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