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Use Node.js to parse the CSV with a real CSV library, then loop through its URL rows with Playwright: navigate to each page and save a screenshot. The example below expects a url header, saves full-page PNGs, and logs individual failures without stopping the rest of the batch.
Prepare the CSV and install the dependencies
Use a header named url, with one URL per row. Quoted fields and blank lines are handled by the CSV parser rather than by splitting lines on commas.
url
https://example.com
https://playwright.devPlaywright’s parameterization guide notes that Node.js scripts can read local files and parse them with a preferred CSV library. Its example uses csv-parse/sync with header columns and skipped empty lines: Playwright: Parameterize tests.
Create a Node.js project, install Playwright and the parser, and install the Chromium browser:
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npm init -y
npm install playwright csv-parse
npx playwright install chromiumTo use the ES module imports below, set "type": "module" in package.json, or save the script with an .mjs extension.
Run a CSV-to-screenshots script
Save this as capture.js (or capture.mjs) beside urls.csv. It creates the output directory, names files by CSV row order, captures the full scrollable page, and continues after individual navigation or screenshot errors.
import fs from 'node:fs';
import path from 'node:path';
import { parse } from 'csv-parse/sync';
import { chromium } from 'playwright';
const inputPath = 'urls.csv';
const outputDir = 'screenshots';
const rows = parse(fs.readFileSync(inputPath), {
columns: true,
skip_empty_lines: true,
});
fs.mkdirSync(outputDir, { recursive: true });
const browser = await chromium.launch();
const failures = [];
try {
const page = await browser.newPage();
for (const [index, row] of rows.entries()) {
const url = row.url?.trim();
if (!url) {
failures.push({ row: index + 2, url: '', error: 'Missing url value' });
continue;
}
const filename = `page-${String(index + 1).padStart(4, '0')}.png`;
const outputPath = path.join(outputDir, filename);
try {
await page.goto(url, { waitUntil: 'load', timeout: 30000 });
await page.screenshot({ path: outputPath, fullPage: true });
console.log(`Saved ${outputPath} for ${url}`);
} catch (error) {
failures.push({ row: index + 2, url, error: error.message });
console.error(`Failed CSV row ${index + 2} (${url}): ${error.message}`);
}
}
} finally {
await browser.close();
}
if (failures.length) {
fs.writeFileSync('screenshots-failures.json', JSON.stringify(failures, null, 2));
console.error(`${failures.length} row(s) failed; see screenshots-failures.json`);
}Run it with node capture.js. Since the CSV has a header, its first data record is row 2 in the file; the script reports that physical row number for easier correction. The output filename uses the record’s sequence number, avoiding collisions when two rows point to the same host. If you prefer names that include hostnames, sanitize them and retain the row number to keep repeated hosts distinct.
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Choose what to capture and when
Viewport or full page
By default, page.screenshot() captures the current viewport. Set fullPage: true to capture the full scrollable page; remove that property for viewport-only images. See the Playwright Page API.
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waitUntil: 'load' waits for the page’s load event, but it cannot guarantee that every site has finished rendering content loaded later by scripts. If a site’s important content appears asynchronously, wait for a known selector or other site-specific readiness signal before taking the screenshot. There is no universal wait condition that proves every page is visually complete.
For example, replace the navigation-and-capture lines with a selector wait when a known element indicates the content is ready:
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await page.goto(url, { waitUntil: 'load', timeout: 30000 });
await page.locator('[data-page-ready="true"]').waitFor({ timeout: 10000 });
await page.screenshot({ path: outputPath, fullPage: true });Change the selector to one that actually exists on the target site; a selector that never appears will time out and be recorded as a row failure.
Adapt the batch for your workload
Reuse one page or create a page per URL
The example reuses one page to keep the loop simple. A fresh page for each URL can provide stronger per-navigation isolation, but requires closing each page after its capture. Neither approach is prescribed for this batch use case; choose based on whether state carried between navigations matters for your sites.
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Sequential or concurrent captures
This script is sequential: it visits and saves one URL before moving to the next. That makes failures easier to associate with rows and avoids opening many pages at once. Concurrency can improve throughput in some workloads, but raises resource use and may trigger site-side rate limits. Start sequentially; add bounded concurrency only after checking resource and target-site constraints.
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Standalone script or Playwright Test
A standalone Node.js script is a direct fit for a one-off or scheduled CSV batch. Playwright Test is useful when the capture belongs in a test suite or when you need its test-runner workflow; the CSV parameterization guide demonstrates reading input in that context. The capture itself uses the same browser navigation and screenshot APIs.
Record results for downstream review
The example writes a failure JSON file but not a success manifest. If another process needs to match screenshots to source records, write a manifest row for each URL containing its CSV row number, URL, output path, and status. Keep failures separate from successful output so a missing image is not mistaken for an empty page.
Troubleshoot common failures
- CSV parser reports a malformed record: Check quoting, delimiters, and row structure in the input. Do not switch to comma-splitting; commas can legitimately occur inside quoted CSV fields.
- Every URL is skipped or reported missing: Confirm the header is spelled exactly
url. Header matching is the parser’s column mapping, and a differently named column will not populaterow.url. - Navigation times out: The URL may be unreachable from the machine, slow, blocked, or redirecting through a problematic flow. Check the URL in the same environment, then adjust the timeout or navigation readiness condition for that site. A longer timeout does not fix an invalid address.
- Screenshot appears incomplete: The page may render important content after the load event. Wait for a page-specific selector or readiness signal before capture; full-page mode changes the captured area, not when dynamic content is ready.
- Browser executable is missing: Install the browser corresponding to the Playwright package with
npx playwright install chromium. If you use a different browser, install and launch that browser explicitly. - Images vary between runs or machines: Rendering can differ with operating system, browser version, settings, hardware, power source, and headless mode. Playwright recommends using the same environment for visual comparisons: Playwright: Visual comparisons.
- Later rows stop after one failure: Keep navigation and screenshot work inside the per-row
try/catch; errors outside it, such as an unreadable CSV or browser launch failure, should stop the job because the batch cannot proceed reliably.
Or skip the browser setup
If you want the CSV loop but not local browser installation and screenshot handling, call ScreenshotNeo once per URL. Replace the example URL with the current CSV value and supply your API key. See the ScreenshotNeo API documentation for request options.
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Cost, reliability, and repeatability
A local Playwright batch has no per-screenshot API charge described here, but it uses your machine’s compute and requires browser installation and maintenance. Sequential processing is predictable but takes one navigation at a time; raising concurrency trades simplicity for more resource use and possible rate limiting. The script’s timeout and failure log make incomplete runs visible rather than silently treating every row as successful.
For repeatable visual baselines, keep the operating system, Playwright/browser version, settings, hardware conditions, and headless mode consistent. A screenshot is a rendering result, so changing the environment can change pixels even if the URL is unchanged.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I use a CSV with a different URL column name?
Yes. Change `row.url` in the script to the property corresponding to your CSV header.
Does this script capture a PDF?
No. It saves PNG screenshots; PDF output requires a different capture workflow.
Can I rerun the script without overwriting earlier screenshots?
The numbered PNGs are overwritten on rerun. Use a timestamped output directory or include a run identifier in filenames if you need to preserve prior batches.
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