Save an authenticated Playwright context with context.storageState(), then use that state to create a context that visits each protected URL and saves its own screenshot. The pages can be captured sequentially in one context, so they share the same login. Keep the state file private: it can contain credentials that let someone impersonate the account.
How the workflow fits together
A BrowserContext holds browser state and can contain multiple Page objects (tabs). First, sign in using a context and save its state. Later, initialize a context from that file and capture each target page with page.screenshot().
- Sign in and verify that login succeeded.
- Save the authenticated context state to a file.
- Create a context initialized from that file.
- Visit each protected URL, verify it did not redirect to login, and save a uniquely named screenshot.
- Close the pages, context, and browser.
The login steps and the most reliable post-login check depend on the site. A final URL or a visible signed-in element can serve as a check; choose one that reflects the application’s actual behavior.
Complete example: save state, then capture several pages
This Node.js example uses Playwright’s library API. Replace the example login URL, selectors, and target URLs with values for your application. Install Playwright in your project and install its browser binaries using the commands in Playwright’s getting-started guide.
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const { chromium } = require('playwright');
const fs = require('node:fs/promises');
const path = require('node:path');
const authFile = 'playwright/.auth/user.json';
const targets = [
{ url: 'https://example.com/account', file: 'screenshots/account.png' },
{ url: 'https://example.com/account/settings', file: 'screenshots/settings.png' },
{ url: 'https://example.com/account/billing', file: 'screenshots/billing.png' },
];
async function saveLoginState(browser) {
const context = await browser.newContext();
const page = await context.newPage();
await page.goto('https://example.com/login');
await page.getByLabel('Email').fill(process.env.APP_EMAIL);
await page.getByLabel('Password').fill(process.env.APP_PASSWORD);
await page.getByRole('button', { name: 'Sign in' }).click();
// Replace this with a reliable, application-specific success condition.
await page.getByText('My account', { exact: true }).waitFor();
await fs.mkdir(path.dirname(authFile), { recursive: true });
await context.storageState({ path: authFile });
await context.close();
}
async function main() {
const browser = await chromium.launch();
try {
await saveLoginState(browser);
const context = await browser.newContext({ storageState: authFile });
try {
for (const target of targets) {
const page = await context.newPage();
try {
await page.goto(target.url, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded' });
// Detect a login redirect or an expired session before saving a misleading image.
if (new URL(page.url()).pathname === '/login') {
throw new Error(`Authentication appears invalid for ${target.url}`);
}
await page.getByText('My account', { exact: true }).waitFor();
await fs.mkdir(path.dirname(target.file), { recursive: true });
await page.screenshot({ path: target.file, fullPage: true });
} finally {
await page.close();
}
}
} finally {
await context.close();
}
} finally {
await browser.close();
}
}
main().catch((error) => {
console.error(error);
process.exitCode = 1;
});Set APP_EMAIL and APP_PASSWORD in the environment rather than hard-coding them in the script. The example selectors and /login path are illustrative, not universal. Some sites complete login in a popup or through an identity provider; adapt the flow to the site and wait for a condition that confirms the account is signed in.
Reuse an existing state file
If you already have a valid state file, you can omit the login-and-save function and initialize the capture context directly:
const context = await browser.newContext({ storageState: 'playwright/.auth/user.json' });Navigate each page in that context and use a different output path per URL. Reusing one page and navigating sequentially is also valid; separate pages in one context share the initialized session as well.
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Choose the screenshot shape
await page.screenshot({ path: 'screenshots/account.png' })captures the visible viewport.await page.screenshot({ path: 'screenshots/account.png', fullPage: true })captures the full scrollable page.- The filename extension determines the image format. A screenshot can also be returned as a buffer when no path is supplied.
For repeatable captures, use a consistent viewport and browser settings, wait for the page’s meaningful ready condition, and give every target a unique path. A successful screenshot call only confirms that an image was produced; it does not prove the page has the expected content or that authentication is still valid.
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Playwright recommends saving reusable authentication state in a directory such as playwright/.auth and excluding it from version control. The file may include sensitive cookies or headers that could be used to impersonate the account. Restrict access, do not publish it in build artifacts, and delete or refresh it when it expires. Do not share it casually.
By default, storage state covers cookies and local storage. Other browser storage has version-dependent support: the BrowserContext API documents an IndexedDB option added in Playwright v1.51, virtual WebAuthn credentials in v1.61, and OPFS snapshots in v1.63. Check the API documentation against your installed Playwright version before relying on those options. The API notes that OPFS is currently unsupported in ephemeral WebKit contexts. Restoring virtual WebAuthn credentials installs a virtual authenticator in that context, so real authenticators will not work there.
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When the app depends on sessionStorage
storageState does not persist session storage. Do not add a workaround unless the application actually stores required authentication data there. Playwright’s authentication guide demonstrates saving the relevant values from the page and restoring them with context.addInitScript() so they are present before application code runs. Session storage is domain-specific and is not persisted across page loads; implement the workaround for the app’s own origins and keys rather than copying unrelated values.
When to use one context or several
- One account, read-only captures: use one context initialized from its state and visit pages sequentially. This is a straightforward way to share the same session.
- Several tabs, same account: create multiple pages within the same context if you need them open at once; they use the same browser state and settings.
- Different users or roles: initialize separate contexts from distinct state files. Do not expect one context to represent multiple identities at the same time.
- Parallel work that changes server data: separate accounts may be needed. Playwright cautions that tests reusing one account can interfere when they make concurrent server-side changes.
Troubleshooting missed or misleading screenshots
The capture lands on the login page
The saved state may have expired, the login flow may not have completed before it was saved, or the application may impose additional session rules. Confirm login with an application-specific success condition before saving state, then check the destination URL or a signed-in element after each navigation.
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The account is logged out despite valid cookies
Check whether the application relies on session storage or another state mechanism not included in the file. If session storage is required, add the targeted initialization workaround described above. MFA, device binding, IP restrictions, and other application rules can also prevent a restored session from working; storage state does not bypass them.
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The image is blank, incomplete, or captures a loading state
domcontentloaded only waits for document parsing, not for every application-specific element or image. Wait for a reliable page-ready selector or an appropriate condition for your site before taking the screenshot. Avoid assuming one wait condition fits every page.
Later screenshots overwrite earlier ones
Give each target a distinct output filename, such as a route-based name or an index plus a sanitized route. Create the output directory before saving; Playwright will not create arbitrary missing parent directories for you.
Parallel captures interfere with one another
Pages in one context share a login and browser state, but server-side changes can still conflict when requests run concurrently. Use sequential navigation for a read-only tour. For work that changes data or compares roles, isolate identities and contexts as appropriate.
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Or skip the browser setup
For public pages, ScreenshotNeo can return a screenshot from one GET request. It is not a replacement for this authenticated Playwright workflow: the API details here do not establish a way to use your Playwright storage-state file or capture pages behind your login.
curl -G "https://api.screenshotneo.com/v1/shot" -d access_key=YOUR_API_KEY --data-urlencode url=https://stripe.com -o shot.webpSee the ScreenshotNeo API documentation for the request details. ScreenshotNeo accepts cookie or consent banners and removes more than 60 known consent platforms, newsletter popups, and chat widgets before capture; those steps can be turned off. Bot checks or CAPTCHAs, blank pages, timeouts, failed loads, and cache hits are not billed, and the response identifies the page verdict and billing status in headers. An MCP server provides take_screenshot, get_page_info, and capture_pdf tools for AI agents. The free plan includes 1,000 screenshots per month with no card; paid plans start at $5 for 3,000.
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Further Playwright references
- Authentication and reusable storage state
- Pages and browser contexts
- BrowserContext API, including storage state options
- Screenshots
- Visual comparisons with Playwright Test
page.screenshot() saves reference images; Playwright Test’s toHaveScreenshot() is for visual snapshot comparisons, not simply saving a set of page screenshots. The screenshots guide is published at the next documentation path, so consult documentation matching your installed version when relying on version-specific details.
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