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For machine-learning papers beyond arXiv, start with OpenReview for current submissions and visible review records; use JMLR for freely available journal articles, PMLR for conference and workshop proceedings, and ACL Anthology for language and speech research. ML Anthology helps browse ML-focused collections, while DBLP, ACM Digital Library, and IEEE Xplore help fill in bibliographic and publisher-indexed coverage. No single site covers every paper or tells you the same thing about its publication status.

Which site should you use?

Source Best for What to check
OpenReview Current submissions, venue listings, and review context Whether the record is a submission or a publication accepted by its venue
JMLR Established machine-learning journal articles Journal publication details; JMLR says all published papers are freely available online
PMLR Machine-learning conference and workshop proceedings The proceedings volume and paper details
ACL Anthology Computational linguistics, NLP, and speech publications Venue, volume, and publication version
ML Anthology Browsing machine-learning-focused collections Whether a collection record links to the paper text or another publication record
DBLP Bibliographic records and proceedings discovery Use it to verify metadata and follow a record to its proceedings source
ACM Digital Library and IEEE Xplore Publisher-indexed conference and journal coverage Full-text access may depend on an institutional subscription

What each source is best for

OpenReview: submissions, decisions, and reviews

OpenReview lists publications and venues across machine learning, AI, NLP, robotics, and related fields. It is particularly useful when you want to inspect a paper’s submission record, decision, reviews, rebuttal, or comments. Read the venue status carefully: an OpenReview record is not automatically a final archival article. Transactions on Machine Learning Research (TMLR) says it hosts its review process on OpenReview to maximize openness and transparency.

JMLR: openly available journal articles

The Journal of Machine Learning Research (JMLR), established in 2000, describes itself as an international forum for scholarly articles across machine learning. Its site says all published papers are freely available online, making it a strong destination when you want a journal publication rather than only a preprint.

PMLR: conference and workshop proceedings

Proceedings of Machine Learning Research (PMLR) is a proceedings series associated with major machine-learning conferences and workshops. Search it when you know a paper appeared in a conference or workshop and want to find its proceedings version.

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ACL Anthology: language and speech research

ACL Anthology is a library of publications in computational linguistics, speech, and natural language processing. It is a natural place to search for language-focused machine-learning work, especially when a broad ML search misses an NLP or speech venue. Its landing page reported 131,151 papers on 2026-10-01; the archive’s count changes over time, so treat that as a dated snapshot rather than a fixed total.

ML Anthology: machine-learning collections

ML Anthology presents itself as an anthology for machine-learning research and exposes collections such as Machine Learning Open Source Software (MLOSS) and Data-centric Machine Learning Research. Use it for topic-oriented browsing; a collection index is useful for discovery, but check each result for its publication venue and available text.

DBLP: bibliographic verification and routes to proceedings

DBLP’s PMLR index provides a bibliographic route into proceedings volumes and records. It is useful for checking citation details, distinguishing authors with similar names, and moving from a citation to the corresponding proceedings record. Treat DBLP as a discovery and metadata aid, then consult the publication source for the paper itself.

ACM Digital Library and IEEE Xplore: publisher databases

ACM Digital Library and IEEE Xplore can add publisher-indexed conference and journal records that an open archive or subject anthology does not surface. Full-text access may require a university or other library subscription; if a paper is paywalled, check whether your institution or public library offers access before concluding that no full text is available.

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How to search across the sources

Use a broad-to-specific search, then verify the version you plan to cite:

  1. Begin with OpenReview or ML Anthology. Search the core concept, method, or task to find current venue records and topic collections.
  2. Search ACL Anthology for NLP or speech. Repeat the query there when the subject involves language processing, computational linguistics, or speech.
  3. Look for the publication version in JMLR or PMLR. If a result appears as a submission or preprint, check whether it also has a journal or proceedings version.
  4. Use DBLP to check the citation trail. Confirm author and proceedings metadata, and follow the record to its proceedings source where available.
  5. Check ACM Digital Library and IEEE Xplore if coverage seems incomplete. Try access through your university or library portal for subscription content.
  6. Capture the citation details. Record the version, venue, year, DOI or other persistent identifier, and the date you accessed it.
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How to tell whether a result is the paper you need

Search results from different services can describe different versions of the same work. Before relying on or citing a result, check:

  • Publication status: distinguish a submission or preprint from a paper accepted by a venue and from its final journal or proceedings version.
  • Review visibility: OpenReview may expose reviews and rebuttals for relevant venue records, but the record’s venue status determines what it represents.
  • Text availability: confirm whether the result provides the full text, a proceedings or journal copy, or only metadata and a route elsewhere.
  • Bibliographic details: compare title, author names, venue, year, and persistent identifier against the publication record.

A 2025 TMLR review searched across ACM Digital Library, IEEE Xplore, ACL Anthology, OpenReview, GitHub, and arXiv, reporting separate retrieval counts for those sources. That multi-source approach illustrates why a thorough literature search should combine venue archives and indexes rather than depend on one website.

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