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Give each user-initiated video-generation request one durable idempotency key, and reuse that key unchanged whenever the client retries. On the server, bind it to the request parameters and atomically associate it with one job. Then a retry can return the existing job instead of launching another generation or charge.
Why a timed-out request can create a duplicate video
Creating a video is a mutating operation: it can start billable work and create a job record. If the connection drops or the client times out, the client may not know whether the server received the request, created the job, or started generation. A retry without a deduplication contract can therefore create a second job.
An idempotency key identifies one logical user intent across multiple HTTP attempts. It does not mean every request with the same key is accepted as equivalent: the server should also compare the request parameters and reject reuse of the key for a different operation. Stripe describes storing the first response status and body for a key and comparing parameters on reuse; AWS guidance likewise warns that retries and replays can execute an operation more than once unless the operation is made idempotent.
Design the request lifecycle around one durable job
- Create the key with the user intent. Generate a high-entropy key, such as a UUIDv4, once when the user starts a generation request. Persist it with that client-side intent before sending the request. Every retry for that intent must send the same key; a new user request gets a new key.
- Build a canonical request fingerprint. Normalize the method, route, model and version, prompt or source-media references, output settings, seed policy, and billing-affecting options. Hash that canonical representation and store the fingerprint version alongside the key. Canonicalization must be deterministic: semantically identical inputs should not become different fingerprints just because of inconsequential serialization differences.
- Claim the key atomically. In durable storage, enforce uniqueness on the key and record the fingerprint, state, and job ID. Do not implement this as a separate “look up, then insert” sequence: simultaneous retries could both pass the lookup and create separate jobs.
- Create or attach to one job. The idempotency record should own the job reference. Protect job creation and queue publication with a uniqueness constraint or a transactional outbox, so a successful database write followed by a retry cannot publish duplicate work.
- Return the existing outcome on replay. A duplicate request with a matching fingerprint should receive the existing job reference and a response appropriate to its current state. Once complete, persist the terminal outcome so a retry can recover it even if the original response was lost.
AWS Durable Execution recommends generating the key inside a durable step so it remains stable across replay. AWS Well-Architected guidance describes idempotency tokens as a way for services to receive repeated mutating requests without creating duplicate records or side effects.
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What the server should return for each state
Keep in-progress records visible. When a matching request arrives while work is underway, the service can wait, let the client poll, or return an accepted response with the same job ID. The important behavior is that the duplicate request attaches to the existing job rather than starting another one.
| Stored state | Meaning | Retry behavior |
|---|---|---|
| received | The key and fingerprint have been claimed, but job submission is not confirmed. | Resume or reconcile submission for the existing record; do not create a second record. |
| running | The job has been accepted and is in progress. | Return or expose the same job ID and current status. |
| succeeded | The generation completed. | Return the stored success outcome, including the artifact reference when available. |
| failed | The job reached a terminal failure. | Return the stored failure outcome. If a new generation is desired, treat it as a new logical intent with a new key. |
Persist the response envelope or enough information to reproduce it consistently: status, job reference, terminal result or error class, and artifact URI or download reference. This avoids making successful work appear to have disappeared just because the first HTTP response did.
Handle mismatched keys and ambiguous failures safely
Same key, different request
Return a conflict or parameter-mismatch error when a key is reused with a different fingerprint. Do not silently reinterpret the key or overwrite its original request. AWS EC2 uses the error name IdempotentParameterMismatch for this class of misuse; Layer documents binding a key to the original method, path, and body.
Timeouts and server errors
After a timeout, retry with the original key and identical parameters. Do not assume a 5xx response proves the job never started: a worker or downstream provider may have accepted the work before the response failed. Reconcile the durable record and provider state before deciding whether submission should be attempted again. AWS notes that a duplicate-request error on retry often means the first attempt already succeeded.
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Validation failures
Input rejected before endpoint execution can be corrected and resubmitted, but the client should not change the payload while reusing a key that already identifies a different request. Stripe states that it does not save an idempotent result for validation failures or conflicting requests that never begin endpoint execution. Document this boundary in your own API contract so clients know whether a corrected request may reuse a key.
Protect the provider call, not just the HTTP endpoint
An idempotency header or request field cannot by itself make a non-idempotent provider call safe. Exactly-once effects depend on the whole path: request store, queue, worker, and video provider. If the provider accepts caller-supplied idempotency tokens, derive a deterministic child key from the parent request key and the specific provider operation, then pass it on every submission attempt. If it does not, record a durable submission state and reconcile uncertain outcomes before resubmitting.
This distinction matters when the service crashes after the provider accepts a generation but before the local worker records success. The local job may still appear pending even though provider work exists. Recovery needs a provider lookup or reconciliation process, or another documented mechanism for resolving that uncertainty; blindly sending a fresh provider request risks duplicate work.
Choose retention for the real retry and recovery window
Keep idempotency records for at least the longest relevant period: client retries, maximum job duration, provider reconciliation, and business dispute handling. Expiring a key before a late retry arrives can turn that retry into a new billable generation. Keeping every full request forever has storage and privacy costs, so retain a compact fingerprint and outcome metadata where that is sufficient.
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Stripe documents a vendor-specific policy under which keys may be removed automatically after they are at least 24 hours old. That is Stripe’s policy, not a general retention recommendation for video APIs; choose a window that fits the service’s own job and recovery lifecycle. AWS Well-Architected guidance also cautions that storing full payloads for idempotency can hurt performance and scalability.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Make duplicate handling observable
Use structured logs and metrics to make it possible to trace one logical request across its attempts without exposing sensitive generation inputs. Useful fields and signals include:
- The idempotency key, fingerprint version, job ID, attempt number, and state transitions.
- Duplicate-hit rate, parameter-mismatch errors, and time spent waiting on concurrent requests.
- Stale
runningrecords, provider reconciliation results, and cost per logical request. - A unique request identifier that lets operators correlate retry intent with records such as CloudTrail logs, as AWS describes.
Redact prompts, source-media URLs, credentials, and generated-media metadata according to the service’s data policy. Measure duplicate attempts and their cost in your own telemetry; there is no established general statistic here that would support a universal duplicate-rate or savings percentage.
Evaluate a video API’s idempotency contract
When selecting or integrating a provider, verify the behavior rather than assuming that accepting a key guarantees safe retries. Layer’s REST reference documents idempotency for unsafe requests and lists rate-limit categories for generation and generation-video, but rate limiting and deduplication solve different problems.
Quick Recap
- Does the create endpoint accept a caller-provided idempotency key, and how must the client send it?
- Is the key bound to the HTTP method, route, and request body, and what happens if parameters differ?
- Do concurrent matching requests share one job, or can they both be accepted?
- How long are keys retained, and what does a retry receive after that period?
- Is the provider’s own submission deduplicated, or must the integrating service reconcile uncertain submissions?
- How are ambiguous failures and duplicate-request errors surfaced?
- Can the client retrieve job status and the completed artifact after losing the initial response?
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