In PowerShell 7, inspect Linux permission bits with the UnixMode column from Get-ChildItem, then read or set them with the .NET UnixFileMode property or the static File.GetUnixFileMode() and File.SetUnixFileMode() methods. These are Unix-specific APIs, not a way to manage Windows ACLs.
View Linux permissions in PowerShell
On Unix systems, PowerShell 7.1 and later includes Unix-style details in Get-ChildItem output. The UnixMode column represents file permissions; output can also include the user and group. Microsoft Learn shows forms such as drwxr-xr-x for a directory and -rw-r--r-- for a regular file. Microsoft Learn: Get-ChildItem
Get-ChildItem -LiteralPath '/srv'The leading character identifies the entry type in the familiar Unix-style display; the remaining positions show read, write, and execute permissions for the owner, group, and others. This display describes Unix mode bits. It does not make them interchangeable with Windows access-control lists.
PowerShell FileSystem items are .NET FileInfo or DirectoryInfo objects, and the properties available on them can vary by platform. Microsoft Learn: about_FileSystem_Provider
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Choose a way to read or set a mode
Use the object property when you already have a filesystem item, or the static methods when your script works directly with a path.
| Approach | Read | Set | What to account for |
|---|---|---|---|
| Filesystem object | $item.UnixFileMode |
$item.UnixFileMode = $mode |
The property value may be cached; call Refresh() before relying on a current read. |
| Path-based static methods | [System.IO.File]::GetUnixFileMode($path) |
[System.IO.File]::SetUnixFileMode($path, $mode) |
Operate on the specified path without first retrieving a filesystem object. |
Microsoft documents the object property and path methods as unsupported on Windows. FileSystemInfo.UnixFileMode · File.GetUnixFileMode and File.SetUnixFileMode
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Set permissions with the filesystem object property
Before running a command that changes a mode, decide which access the owner, group, and others should have. This example explicitly sets owner read/write and group read; it does not preserve any other bits. Use only the permission set appropriate for the file and your security requirements.
$item = Get-Item -LiteralPath '/srv/example.sh'
$item.UnixFileMode
$mode = [System.IO.UnixFileMode]::UserRead -bor
[System.IO.UnixFileMode]::UserWrite -bor
[System.IO.UnixFileMode]::GroupRead
$item.UnixFileMode = $mode
$item.Refresh()
$item.UnixFileModeUnixFileMode is a flags enum, so combine the desired flags with bitwise OR, written as -bor in PowerShell. The property can return cached data; Refresh() obtains the latest filesystem information for the object before the final read. Microsoft Learn: FileSystemInfo.UnixFileMode
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Read and set permissions by path
For a script that works with a path rather than a FileInfo or DirectoryInfo object, use the static methods. The following assigns the same explicit set of bits as the property example.
$path = '/srv/example.sh'
$currentMode = [System.IO.File]::GetUnixFileMode($path)
$newMode = [System.IO.UnixFileMode]::UserRead -bor
[System.IO.UnixFileMode]::UserWrite -bor
[System.IO.UnixFileMode]::GroupRead
[System.IO.File]::SetUnixFileMode($path, $newMode)$currentMode holds the mode read from the path; the assignment then replaces the path’s mode with the flags in $newMode. The .NET methods are marked unsupported on Windows. Microsoft Learn: File.GetUnixFileMode and File.SetUnixFileMode
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Understand the available mode flags
System.IO.UnixFileMode includes separate flags for owner, group, and other read, write, and execute permissions, as well as the sticky, set-group, and set-user bits. Combine flags to construct the exact mode you intend to apply. Microsoft Learn: UnixFileMode enum
- Owner:
UserRead,UserWrite, andUserExecute. - Group:
GroupRead,GroupWrite, andGroupExecute. - Others:
OtherRead,OtherWrite, andOtherExecute. - Special bits: sticky, set-group, and set-user flags.
Handle platform and permission errors
These APIs work with Unix file modes; the .NET documentation marks them unsupported on Windows. They are not Windows permission-management APIs. Confirm that the target host and the PowerShell/.NET runtime you use support the workflow: Microsoft’s current references cover PowerShell 7.6 and .NET 10 and do not establish identical behavior for every older runtime or filesystem.
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- If a path cannot be found, verify the exact path and use
-LiteralPathwith PowerShell commands when the path should not be interpreted as a wildcard. - If access is denied, run the script with an account that has the required permission or adjust the operation to fit the access available to that account.
- If an object property read appears stale after filesystem activity, call
Refresh()before reading it again.
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