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A Cypress screenshot can be a different size from the application’s browser viewport because those are separate measurements. The viewport is the area available to the app in CSS pixels; the screenshot may capture that viewport, the full page, the Cypress runner, or a clipped or padded element. In headless runs, browser window size and device scale can also affect the saved image. Check the capture mode first, then compare the screenshot metadata with the configured viewport and browser launch settings.
Which dimensions are you comparing?
Four different sizes can be involved, and confusing them is the most common reason a screenshot seems wrong.
- Application-under-test (AUT) viewport: the CSS-pixel area in which the page renders, set with
cy.viewport()or theviewportWidthandviewportHeightconfiguration. - Runner preview: the size at which Cypress displays the app inside its runner pane. Cypress may scale and center the preview to fit; its on-screen appearance does not mean the AUT viewport changed. See the Cypress viewport documentation.
- Screenshot capture area: the part Cypress was told to capture: the current viewport, the full page, the runner, or an element.
- Saved image dimensions: the pixel width and height of the resulting file, which can reflect capture mode, cropping, element padding, or headless display scaling.
For the AUT viewport, Cypress documents default dimensions of 1000 by 660 pixels. A cy.viewport(width, height) call can change the viewport for a test, and viewport settings reset to configured defaults between tests. Check both the project configuration and calls made in test or suite setup; see the configuration reference.
Check what Cypress captured
The capture option determines what area goes into the screenshot. Cypress documents these modes in its screenshot command and screenshot API documentation.
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| Capture or option | Area or effect |
|---|---|
capture: 'viewport' |
The AUT in its current viewport. |
capture: 'fullPage' |
The page from top to bottom; its dimensions need not match the viewport. |
capture: 'runner' |
The browser viewport including the Cypress Command Log. Cypress documents exceptions when Test Replay hides the Runner UI. |
clip |
A specified crop rectangle can make the resulting image smaller than the captured area. |
Element screenshot with padding |
The selected element is captured, and padding can enlarge the image beyond the element’s own bounds. |
For a screenshot intended to match the app viewport, verify that the capture is viewport-based rather than full-page, runner, or element-scoped, and remove or correct any clip or padding option that changes the bounds.
Inspect the actual screenshot dimensions
Do not infer file size from the runner preview. Cypress screenshot callbacks and the after:screenshot event can report the saved file’s dimensions, whether the AUT was scaled, and its path. Log those values and compare them with the intended viewport. If an after:screenshot handler edits the image, return details describing the changed file, including its dimensions; otherwise the reported metadata can no longer describe the saved output accurately. The relevant callback and event details are in the screenshot API documentation.
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Account for headless browser size and device scale
The browser’s headless screen dimensions can affect screenshot and video output without changing Cypress’s configured AUT viewport. Cypress’s before:browser:launch documentation gives a Chrome example using --window-size=1400,1200: in the documented non-retina example, device scale factor 1 yields a 1400 by 1200 full-page screenshot, while factor 2 yields 2800 by 2400. These are examples for that documented setup, not guaranteed dimensions for every browser or environment.
Also, cy.viewport() does not simulate devicePixelRatio. Changing the CSS viewport therefore is not a way to set the device pixel ratio. Check the browser launch options and display scaling separately from viewportWidth and viewportHeight.
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Debug a size mismatch step by step
- Confirm the effective AUT viewport. Inspect
viewportWidthandviewportHeight, then search the test and suite setup for everycy.viewport()call. The documented default is 1000 by 660 pixels. - Confirm the capture area. Check whether the screenshot is viewport, full-page, runner, or element-based. Review
clipand elementpadding. - Log screenshot metadata. Record the callback or event’s
dimensions,scaled, and path values. Make sure an image-processing hook returns updated dimensions if it changes the file. - Check headless launch settings. Inspect the browser window-size argument and device scale factor. Treat these as distinct from the AUT viewport.
- Re-run with a controlled environment. For visual-regression comparisons, hold the viewport and rendering environment steady.
Make visual-regression screenshots repeatable
Matching the viewport is necessary but may not be sufficient for pixel-identical output. Cypress notes that operating systems, browser versions, display scaling, and installed fonts can change rendering enough to fail a pixel comparison. Keep those conditions consistent along with the viewport when generating or updating baselines; see the Cypress visual-testing guide.
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