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If your UPI app shows a debit but the merchant says the payment has not arrived, first check the transaction’s latest status and save its reference details. Contact the merchant and your UPI app or bank; don’t pay again until the first transaction’s status is clear. The applicable reversal deadline depends on whether this was a merchant payment or a transfer to another person.

Check the transaction status and keep the details

Open the transaction in your UPI app and check whether it is marked pending, failed, or successful. A pending status does not by itself prove that the merchant received the money—or that the debit has failed. NPCI explains that pending transactions can be delayed at the beneficiary bank and that funds may reach the receiver after the bank’s daily settlements. Its FAQ mentions 48 hours in this context, but that explanation does not replace the RBI reversal deadline for a UPI merchant payment.

Save the transaction date and time, amount, status, and transaction or reference ID. Keep a screenshot or bank statement showing the debit, and, if possible, ask the merchant to confirm whether the payment appears in its records. These details will help the bank or app support team trace the transaction.

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Identify which UPI transaction rule applies

“Money debited but not received” can describe two different cases. The Reserve Bank of India’s 2019 notification sets different reversal timelines for a funds transfer to a person and a payment to a merchant. T means the transaction date; the notification states the deadlines in days, not business days.

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These are the specific failure cases covered by the RBI notification, not a single generic refund estimate for every UPI dispute. The notification dates to 2019; check current RBI guidance for any later amendments that may affect your case.

Raise a complaint through your UPI app or bank

Report the transaction through the app you used or contact the bank that holds the debited account. NPCI says customers can raise a UPI grievance or check a transaction’s status through a participating bank’s UPI app. Include the transaction ID, amount, date, displayed status, and debit evidence. Ask for a complaint or ticket reference and note when you submitted it.

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NPCI’s UPI FAQ says that failed-transaction funds are refunded, but that refunds can sometimes take longer than intended. It also advises contacting your bank’s customer support if the refund has not arrived within one hour. Treat that one-hour advice as NPCI FAQ guidance to contact support—not as a substitute for the RBI’s T+5-day deadline for the specified merchant-payment failure.

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You can also check status or register a complaint through NPCI’s UPI dispute redressal mechanism. Follow up with the participating institution handling the case and keep its response with your complaint reference.

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What to do if the reversal is late

If the applicable RBI deadline passes without reversal, contact your bank or app support again, provide the existing complaint reference, and ask the institution to address the delayed reversal and any compensation due under the RBI notification. It specifies compensation of ₹100 per day beyond the relevant deadline for the failure cases listed above. The timeline and compensation depend on the transaction category, so describe accurately whether this was a transfer with no beneficiary credit or a merchant payment without confirmation at the merchant location.

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Escalate an unresolved complaint to RBI

If your bank does not resolve the complaint, you may be able to escalate it under the Reserve Bank–Integrated Ombudsman Scheme. Check the RBI’s current eligibility rules, complaint prerequisites, and filing instructions before submitting: RBI Complaint Management System. Keep your bank complaint reference and relevant transaction records available when you review the filing requirements.

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