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1Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errors2Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitches3Repair Windows errors before they cause bigger problemsWindows 10 diagnostic data can include information about your PC’s hardware and settings, installed software and drivers, app and feature use, crashes and performance, and—in some cases—Microsoft-browser activity and signals from inking, typing, or speech features. The categories and detail depend on the diagnostic-data level, Windows version, feature settings, and whether an organization manages the device.
What Windows 10 telemetry includes
Telemetry is diagnostic information Windows assembles from structured events, logs, and crash reporting. Microsoft’s current category reference describes Optional diagnostic data in several groups. Events may also carry technical context such as Windows version and build, locale, collection time, device or account identifiers where applicable, application or component IDs, event and correlation IDs, and source IP information when available.
Device, connectivity, and configuration
Diagnostic events can describe hardware capabilities, available memory, connected peripherals, connectivity, and system settings. Microsoft uses this information to troubleshoot problems and assess update compatibility.
Apps, features, and performance
Data can indicate which apps or Windows features were in use around an error, as well as broader usage patterns. Performance signals include response times, reliability information, and crash conditions. Microsoft says these help it identify problems and prioritize improvements.
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Software and updates
Software-related events can include driver inventory and installation or update activity. Microsoft Store app inventory can also inform compatibility and update decisions.
Microsoft-browser activity
The documented browser category includes events such as address-bar navigation, blocked-content dialogs, and domains associated with SmartScreen. This describes Microsoft-browser diagnostic signals; it does not establish that every browser’s full browsing history is sent through Windows telemetry.
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Inking, typing, and speech
Some diagnostic data relates to inking, typing, or speech features. Microsoft says samples are processed to remove unique identifiers, sequencing information, and other content that could reconstruct the original input. Associated performance data and dictionary changes may still be part of the diagnostic signal.
Required and Optional diagnostic data
Windows 10’s historical Basic and Full labels correspond broadly to the newer Required and Optional terminology. The exact available choices depend on the Windows version and device configuration. Required data supports Windows functions such as security and updates; Optional data provides broader diagnostic signals for product improvement.
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| Aspect | Required | Optional |
|---|---|---|
| Primary role | Supports security, updates, troubleshooting, accessibility, reliability, performance, compatibility, privacy, and energy-efficiency work, according to Microsoft. | Provides broader information to improve Windows and related products and services. |
| Types of signals | Minimum diagnostic information Microsoft says is needed to keep Windows secure and up to date. | Can include broader app and feature use, performance, software inventory, Microsoft-browser events, and inking, typing, or speech-related signals. |
| Sampling | Not stated in the cited category reference. | Some data is sampled, so a device may not send every documented event. |
| Tailored experiences | Not stated as a use of Required data in the cited category reference. | If Tailored experiences is enabled, Microsoft says pseudonymized data can support personalized tips, recommendations, offers, and promotions, including for some third-party Windows apps, services, hardware, and peripherals. |
| What you can do | Use Diagnostics & feedback to review available controls; organization policies may limit them. | You can select an available level, use Diagnostic Data Viewer, and delete diagnostic data, subject to Windows version and organization policies. |
For sampled Optional data, Microsoft says Diagnostic Data Viewer indicates whether the device is in a sample and what data is collected from that device.
Why Microsoft collects diagnostic data
Microsoft says Required diagnostic data helps keep Windows secure and current, troubleshoot faults, support accessibility, improve reliability and performance, address compatibility issues, and improve privacy and energy efficiency. Optional diagnostic data supports broader improvement of Windows and related products. When Tailored experiences is on, pseudonymized diagnostic information may also inform personalized recommendations and promotions.
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How diagnostic data leaves the PC
Microsoft says the Connected User Experiences and Telemetry component manages diagnostic events and logs, while Windows Error Reporting handles crash reporting and crash dumps. Transfers use TLS and certificate pinning. Microsoft lists endpoints including v10.events.data.microsoft.com, v10c.events.data.microsoft.com, and v10.vortex-win.data.microsoft.com.
What Microsoft disclosed in 2017
On April 5, 2017, alongside the Windows 10 Creators Update, Microsoft said it was publishing a complete list of diagnostic data collected at the then-called Basic level and a detailed summary of Basic and Full data. The company said it had reassessed Basic-level collection, reduced the number of events, and cut Basic data volume by about half. That figure describes Microsoft’s stated reduction in 2017, not a measurement of current Windows telemetry.
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Microsoft Windows chief Terry Myerson wrote: “Our commitment to you is that we only collect data at the Basic level that is necessary to keep your Windows 10 device secure and up to date.” The Creators Update also introduced clearer in-product privacy descriptions, a “Learn More” path, and a consolidated privacy review.
How to review or change the setting in Windows 10
- Open Start > Settings > Privacy > Diagnostics & feedback.
- Review the diagnostic-data choices shown on your device and select an available level. The labels and choices can vary by Windows version and device management policy.
- To inspect diagnostic events available on the PC, enable Diagnostic Data Viewer on the same page, then open the viewer. It can show whether the device is in an Optional-data sample and which data is collected from it.
- Use the page’s delete control if you want to delete diagnostic data. Windows may continue to collect the level of data required under the applicable settings and policies.
On work- or school-managed PCs, an administrator may hide or enforce these options. Diagnostic-data controls are separate from other privacy controls, including Activity history; changing one does not automatically change the others.
Quick Recap
Sources
- Microsoft Windows Experience Blog: Improving your privacy in the Windows 10 Creators Update
- Microsoft Support: Diagnostic data in Windows
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