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Search and replace is a feature that finds specified text or a pattern and substitutes it with new text. You provide what to find and what to put in its place, then choose whether to change one match or every match within the selected scope. The exact controls and matching rules vary by app.

What does search and replace mean?

Search and replace combines two actions: search locates text that matches your criteria, and replace substitutes the text you specify. In Microsoft Word, the fields are labeled “Find what” and “Replace with.” You can usually change one result at a time or apply the replacement to all qualifying results.

For example, if a document uses “Sept.” where you want “September,” enter “Sept.” as the search text and “September” as the replacement. A single Replace changes one occurrence; Replace All changes every match that meets the current settings.

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How does it work?

  1. Choose the text, pattern, or scope you want to search.
  2. Enter the replacement text.
  3. Check the search options, such as case sensitivity, whole-cell matching, or pattern matching, if the app provides them.
  4. Choose the individual Replace command to review results one by one, or Replace All to apply the change throughout the selected scope.

The scope may be a document, a spreadsheet selection, a worksheet, or an entire workbook. The application’s settings determine which matches qualify, so the same search text can produce different results under different scopes or matching options.

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What changes between apps?

App or tool How search and replacement work Important distinction
Microsoft Word Open Home > Editing > Replace, enter the search and replacement text, then choose Replace or Replace All. Word also documents case matching, formatting searches, and wildcard searches. Microsoft Word help Wildcard patterns can rearrange matched text using numbered groups. Microsoft’s example changes “Newman Belinda” to “Belinda Newman” with a suitable wildcard search and replacement.
Microsoft Excel Find and Replace can search a selection, worksheet, or workbook, with options including matching case and entire cell contents. Microsoft Excel help Excel’s worksheet Find and Replace is distinct from the REPLACE function, which substitutes a specified number of characters beginning at a specified position, and REGEXREPLACE, which replaces text matching a regular-expression pattern. REPLACE function
Google Docs and Sheets Both offer find-and-replace controls and regular-expression search. Google documents RE2 as the regex engine. Google Docs editors help Sheets supports capture-group substitutions in replacement strings. In Docs, regex-formatted text entered in the replacement field is inserted literally rather than interpreted as regex replacement formatting.
JavaScript String.prototype.replace() returns a new string with matching text replaced. MDN reference A string search pattern replaces only its first match. To replace all matches, use a regular expression with the g flag or replaceAll().

Why can the results differ?

Search-and-replace settings define a match. Depending on the application, they may include:

  • Case sensitivity: whether uppercase and lowercase letters must match exactly.
  • Whole-cell matching: whether a spreadsheet cell must contain only the searched text, rather than merely include it.
  • Wildcards or regular expressions: whether search text is treated literally or as a pattern that can match multiple forms of text.
  • Formatting: whether formatting requirements affect which text is found.
  • Scope: whether the operation applies to a selection, a page or document, a worksheet, or a workbook.
  • Replacement rules: whether the app interprets capture groups or inserts replacement text literally.

These options are application-specific; a pattern or replacement that works in one program may not behave the same way in another.

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When should you use Replace All?

Use Replace All when the search is narrow and you are confident that every match should change. For broader edits, Microsoft recommends choosing individual Replace so you can inspect each result before changing it. This is especially useful when a short word or number may appear in names, URLs, code, or phrases where the replacement would be wrong.

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